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Team Name, League and Home Stadium Changes 1873-2021
| Years | Team (Stadium) | League | Notes |
| WORLD SERIES OF FOOTBALL ERA (1873-1903) | |||
| 1873-1882 | Toronto Argonauts | Independent | Joined ORFU |
| 1883-1906 | Toronto Argonauts | ORFU | Joined IRFU |
| 1896-1901 | Watertown Athletic Association | Independent | Changed Name to Red & Blacks |
| 1896-1906 | Ottawa Rough Riders | ORFU | Joined IRFU |
| 1898-1919 | Rochester Jeffersons | Independent | Joined APFA |
| 1898-???? | Morgan Athletic Club | Independent | Changed Name to Normals |
| ????-???? | Normals | Independent | Changed Name to Racine Cardinals |
| ????-1920 | Racine Cardinals | Independent | Joined APFA and Changed Name to Chicago |
| 1902 | Philadelphia Athletics | NFL * | First attempt at a National Professional League |
| 1902 | Philadelphia Phillies | NFL * | First attempt at a National Professional League |
| 1902 | Pittsburgh Stars | NFL * | First attempt at a National Professional League |
| 1902 | New York | WSF | Made up of Philadelphia Athletics and Phillies players |
| 1902 | New York Knickerbockers | WSF | New York City representatives |
| 1902 | Syracuse Athletic Club | WSF | Upstate New York representatives |
| 1902 | Warlow Athletic Club | WSF | New Jersey representatives |
| 1902 | Orange Athletic Club | WSF | New Jersey representatives |
| 1903 | Franklin Athletic Club | WSF | Pennsylvania representatives |
| 1903 | Oreos Athletic Club (Asbury Park) | WSF | New York -New Jersey representatives |
| 1903-1915 | Watertown Red and Blacks | WSF | Upstate New York representatives- joined NYPFL in 1916 |
| 1903 | Orange Athletic Club | WSF | New Jersey representatives |
| OHIO FOOTBALL LEAGUE ERA (1904-1919) | |||
| 1904-1918 | Akron Pros | OL | Founder member of APFA in 1919 |
| 1904-1919 | Muncie Flyers | Indiana | Joined APFA in 1920 |
| 1905-1918 | Canton Bulldogs | OL | Founder member of APFA in 1919 |
| 1905-1920 | Minneapolis Marines | Minnesota | Joined APFA in 1921 |
| 1906-1907 | Calgary City RFC | Changed Name to Calgary Tigers | |
| 1907-1924 | Ottawa Rough Riders | IRFU | Changed Name to Ottawa Senators |
| 1907-1940 | Toronto Argonauts | IRFU | Joined ECRFU |
| 1907 | Edmonton RFC | Changed Name to Edmonton Esquimaux | |
| 1908-1929 | Calgary Tigers | Changed Name to Calgary Altomah-Tigers | |
| 1908-1909 | Edmonton Esquimaux | Changed Name to Edmonton Eskimos | |
| 1910-1921 | Toledo Maroons | OL | Joined NFL in 1922 |
| 1911-1921 | Youngstown Patricians | Independent | Claimed World Championship in 1915. Joined NFL in 1922 |
| 1912-1920 | Cincinnati Celts | OL | Joined APFA in 1921 |
| 1916-1918 | Dayton Triangles | OL | Founder members of APFA in 1919 |
| 1916-1968 | Watertown Red and Black | NYPFL | Joined EFL in 1969 |
| 1917 | Chicago | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | New York | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | Detroit | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | Pittsburgh | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | Indianapolis | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | Cleveland | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1917 | Columbus | PFL | Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started |
| 1919 | Green Bay Packers | Independent | Joined APFA in 1921 |
| AMERICAN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION ERA (1920-1922) | |||
| 1920-1922 | Akron Pros | APFA | Founder members of APFA; Changed Name to Akron Indians in 1923 |
| 1920-1926 | Canton Bulldogs | APFA | Founder members of APFA; NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1920 | Cleveland Indians | APFA | Founder members of APFA; did not play |
| 1920-1929 | Dayton Triangles | APFA | Founder members of APFA |
| 1920 | Decatur Staleys | APFA | Became Chicago Staleys (APFA) |
| 1920-1923 | Buffalo All-Americans | APFA | replaced by Buffalo Bisons |
| 1920-1928 | Chicago Cardinals (Normal Park) | APFA | moved to Comiskey Park, Chicago |
| 1920-1925 | Rock Island Independents | APFA / NFL | Left NFL to join AFL |
| 1920-1925 | Rochester Jeffersons | APFA / NFL | Left NFL |
| 1920 | Detroit Heralds | APFA | replaced by Detroit Tigers |
| 1920 | Cleveland Tigers | APFA | replaced by Cleveland Indians |
| 1920 | Chicago Tigers | APFA | left NFL |
| 1920-1926 | Hammond Pros | APFA / NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1920-1922 | Columbus Panhandles | APFA / NFL | replaced by Columbus Tigers |
| 1920 | Muncie Flyers | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921 | Chicago Staleys | APFA | Changed Name to Chicaho Bears |
| 1921-1922 | Evansville Crimson Giants | APFA / NFL | Left NFL |
| 1921-1932 | Green Bay Packers | APFA / NFL | Joint Home in Green Bay and Milwaukee from 1933 |
| 1921 | Cleveland Indians | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921 | Washington Senators | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921 | Cincinnati Celts | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921-1924 | Minneapolis Marines | APFA / NFL | Left NFL |
| 1921 | Detroit Tigers | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921 | Tonawanda Kardex | APFA | Left APFA |
| 1921-1923 | Louisville Brecks | APFA / NFL | Left NFL |
| 1921 | New York Giants | APFA | First Football team called Giants in New York; Left APFA |
| 1922-1973 | Chicago Bears | NFL | Played at Wrigley Field; moved to Soldier Field in 1974 |
| 1922-1923 | Toledo Maroons | NFL | Moved tio Kenosha in 1924 |
| 1922-1924 | Racine Legion | NFL | Left NFL after 1924 |
| 1922-1926 | Milwaukee Badgers | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1922-1923 | Oorang Indians | NFL | Native American Team sponsored by Oorang Dog Kennels – left NFL after 1923 |
| NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE EARLY ERA (1922-1929) | APFA renamed National Football League | ||
| 1923-1929 | Calgary 50th Battalion | WIFU | renamed Calgary Altomah-Tigers |
| 1923-1925 | Duluth Kelleys | NFL | Became Duluth Eskimos |
| 1923-1926 | Columbus Tigers | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1923 | St. Louis All-Stars | NFL | Left NFL after 1923 |
| 1923-1926 | Akron Indians | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1924-1947 | Regina Roughriders | SRFU | Renamed Saskatchewan Roughriders |
| 1924-1927 | Cleveland Bulldogs | NFL | Left NFL after 1927 |
| 1924-1931 | Frankford Yellow Jackets | NFL | Left NFL after 1931 |
| 1924-1925 | Buffalo Bisons | NFL | replaced by Buffalo Rangers |
| 1924-1926 | Columbus Tigers | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1924 | Kansas City Blues | NFL | replaced by Kansas City Cowboys |
| 1924 | Kenosha Maroons | NFL | moved to Pottsville |
| 1925-1926 | Ottawa Senators | ORFU | Changed Name Back to Ottawa Rough Riders |
| 1925-1928 | Pottsville Maroons | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1925-1926 | Detroit Panthers | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1925-1972 | New York Giants | NFL | moved to New Haven, Connecticut in 1973 |
| 1925-1931 | Providence Steam Roller | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1925-1926 | Kansas City Cowboys | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1926 | Los Angeles Buccaneers | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1926-1927 | Duluth Eskimos | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1926 | Buffalo Rangers | NFL | Renamed Buffalo Bisons |
| 1926 | Hartford Blues | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1926 | Brooklyn Lions | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1926 | Racine Tornadoes | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1926 | Louisville Colonels | NFL | NFL reduced number of teams |
| 1927-1955 | Ottawa Rough Riders | ORFU | Founder membder of Canadian Football Council |
| 1927-1928 | New York Yankees | NFL | replaced by NY Yankees teanm in AFL |
| 1928 | Detroit Wolverines | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1929 | Boston Bulldogs | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1929 | Chicago Cardinals | NFL | played at Comiskey Field, Chicago; moved to St. Louis |
| 1929-1930 | Minneapolis Red Jackets | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1929 | Orange Tornadoes | NFL | moved to Newark, NJ |
| 1929-1932 | Staten Island Stapletons | NFL | Left NFL |
| NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHIP ERA (1930-1942) | |||
| 1930-1931 | Calgary Altomah-Tigers | WIFU | Renamed Calgary Altomahs |
| 1930-1935 | Winnipegs RFC | MRFU | Renamed Winnipeg Blue Bombers |
| 1930-1943 | Brooklyn Dodgers | NFL | Renamed Brooklyn Tigers |
| 1930 | Newark Tornadoes | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1931-1932 | Portsmouth Spartans | NFL | moved to Detroit and renamed Lions |
| 1931 | Cleveland Indians | NFL | Left NFL |
| 1932-1934 | Calgary Altomahs | WIFU | renamed Calgary Bronks |
| 1932 | Boston Braves | NFL | renamed Boston Redskins |
| 1933-1936 | Boston Redskins | NFL | moved to Washington |
| 1933-1934 | Cincinnati Reds | NFL | Left NFL after 8 games in 1934 |
| 1933-1942; 1944-1970 | Philadelphia Eagles | NFL | merged with Pittsburgh for one Season; moved to Veterans Stadium in 1971 |
| 1933-1940 | Pittsburgh Pirates | NFL | renamed Pittsburgh Steelers |
| 1933-1956 | Green Bay Packers | NFL | shared home with Milwaukee; moved into Lambeau Field in 1957 |
| 1934-1974 | Detroit Lions | NFL | moved into Pontiac Silverdome |
| 1934 | St. Louis Gunners | NFL | replaced Cincinnati Reds for last three games of season |
| 1935-1944 | Calgary Bronks | WIFU | renamed Calgary Stampeders |
| 1936-1942 | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | WIFU | renamed Winnipeg RCAF Bombers for WWII |
| 1936 | Cleveland Rams | AFL | joined NFL |
| 1937-1945 | Cleveland Rams | NFL | moved to Los Angeles |
| 1937-1960 | Washington Redskins | NFL | moved to RFK Stadium |
| 1938-1955 | Edmonton Eskimos | WIFU | Became founder members of the Canadian Football Council |
| 1938 | Philadelphia Eagles | NFL | played a home game in Johnstown, PA |
| 1938 | Pittsburgh Pirates | NFL | played a home game in Charlerston, WVA |
| 1938 | Philadelphias Eagles | NFL | played a home game in Buffalo, NY |
| 1939 | Pro All-Stars | NFL | played against NFL champions in Pro Bowl at Los Angeles |
| 1940-1942 | Hamilton Wildcats | ORFU | renamed Hamilton Flying Wildcats |
| 1940-1941 | NFL All-Stars | NFL | played against NFL Champions in Pro Bowl at Los Angeles |
| 1940-1942; 1944-1969 | Pittsburgh Steelers | NFL | merged with Philadelphias Eagles for one game in 1943; moved to AFC in 1970 |
| 1941-1955 | Toronto Argonauts | ECRFU | became founder members of Canadian Football Council |
| 1942 | NFL All-Stars | NFL | played NFL Champions in Pro Bowl at New York |
| 1942 | Chicago Cardinals | NFL | played a game in Buffalo, NY |
| 1942 | NFL All-Stars | NFL | played NFL Champions in Pro Blowl at Philadelphia |
| NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE WAR ERA (1943-1957) | |||
| 1943-1947 | Hamilton Flying Wildcats | ORFU | renamed Hamilton Wildcats |
| 1943 | Winnipeg RCAF Bombers | WIFU | renamed Winnipeg No. 3 Wireless School Bombers |
| 1943 | Phil-Pitt Steagles | NFL | Single season merger of Philadelphias Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers |
| 1944 | Winnipeg No. 3 Wireless Scholol Bombers | WSL | renamed back to Winnipeg Blue Bombers |
| 1944 | Boston Yanks | NFL | merged with New York |
| 1944 | Brooklyn Tigers | NFL | Joined AFL |
| 1944 | Card-Pitt | NFL | Single season merger of Chicago Casrdinals and Pittsburgh Steelers |
| 1945 | Boston-New York Yanks | NFL | renamed back Boston Yanks |
| 1945-1948 | Boston Yanks | NFL | moved to New York and renamed Bulldogs |
| 1945 | Montreal Hornets | IRFU | renamed Montreal Alouettes |
| 1945 | Calgary Stampeders | WIFU | Became founder members of Canadian Football Council |
| 1946 | Montreal Alouettes | IRFU | became founder members of Canadian Football Clouncil |
| 1946-1979 | Los Angles Rams | NFL | moved to Anaheim, Orange County, but remained named Los Angeles |
| 1946-1949 | Cleveland Browns | AAFC | Joined NFL |
| 1946-1949 | San Francisco 49ers | AAFC | Joined NFL |
| 1947-1949 | Baltimore Colts | AAFC | Joined NFL |
| 1948-1955 | Saskatchewan Roughriders | WIFU | Became Founder members of Canadian Football Council |
| 1948-1949 | Hamilton Wildcats | IRFU | Merged with Hamilton Tigers to form Hamilton Tiger-Cats |
| 1949 | New York Bulldogs | NFL | replaced by New York Yanks |
| 1950 | Hamilton Tiger-Cats | IRFU | Became Founder members of Canadian Football Council |
| 1950 | New York Yanks | NFL | replaced by Dallas Texans |
| 1951-1953 | American Conference | NFL | played National Conference in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles |
| 1951-1953 | National Conference | NFL | played American Conference in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles |
| 1952 | Dallas Texans | NFL | replaced by Baltimore Colts (NFL) |
| 1953-1969 | Baltimore Colts | NFL | moved to AFC |
| 1954-1970 | NFL East | NFL | played NFL West in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles |
| 1954-1970 | NFL West | NFL | played NFL East in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles |
| 1954 | British Columbia Lions | WIFU | Became founder members of Canadian Football Council |
| AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE ERA (1956-1966) | |||
| 1956 | British Columbia Lions | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Calgary Stampeders | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Edmonton Eskimos | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Saskatchewan Roughriders | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Hamilton Tiger-Cats | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Toronto Argonauts | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Ottawa Rough Riders | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1956 | Montreal Alouettes | CFC | CFC renamed CFL in 1958 |
| 1957-present | Green Bay Packers | NFL | played at Lambeau Field. |
| 1960-1962 | Dallas Texans | AFL | moved to Kansas City and renamed Chiefs |
| 1960-2000 | Denver Broncos | AFL | moved into Sports Authority Field at Mile High |
| 1960-1995 | Houston Oilers | AFL | moved to Memphis and became Tennessee Oilers |
| 1960 | Los Angeles Chargers | AFL | moved to San Diego |
| 1960-1962 | New York Titans | AFL | renamed New York Jets |
| 1960-1972 | Buffalo Bills | AFL | moved to Orchard Park, NY, still named Buffalo Bills in 1973 |
| 1960-1970 | Boston Patriots | AFL | renamed New England Patriots |
| 1960-1970 | Dallas Cowboys | NFL | played at Cotton Bowl, Dallas; moved to Texas Stadium, Irving, TX in 1971. |
| 1960-1987 | St. Louis Cardinals | NFL | moved to Phoenix, AZ |
| 1960-1964 | AFL East | AFL | played AFL West in AFL Pro Bowl at San Diego |
| 1960-1964 | AFL West | AFL | played AFL East in AFL Pro Bowl at San Diego |
| 1961-2008 | Minnesota Vikings | NFL | played at Metrodome, Minneapolis; moved to TCF Bank Stadium, Minneapolis in 2009 |
| 1961-2018 | San Diego Chargers | AFL | moved to Los Angeles. |
| 1961-1996 | Washington Redskins (RFK Stadium) | NFL | moved to Landover, Maryland in 1997, remained Washington Redskins |
| 1963-2071 | Kansas City Chiefs | AFL | moved into Arrowhead Stadium, Kansas City in 1972 |
| 1963-1983 | New York Jets | AFL | moved into Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 1984. |
| 1965 | AFL East | AFL | played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Houston, TX. |
| 1965 | AFL West | AFL | played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Houston, TX |
| 1966 | AFL All-Stars | AFL | played AFL Champions in Pro Bowl at Houston |
| 1966-1991 | Atlanta Falcons | NFL | moved into Georgia Dome, Atlanta, GA |
| 1966-1986 | Miami Dolphins | AFL | moved to Miami Gardens, FL, still named Miami Dolphins,. |
| 1967 | AFL East | AFL | played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Oakland |
| 1967 | AFL West | AFL | played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Oakland |
| NFL SUPERBOWL ERA (1967- | |||
| 1967-1974 | New Orleans Saints | NFL | moved into Superdome, New Orleans in 1974 |
| 1968-1969 | AFL East | AFL | played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Jacksonville, FL |
| 1968-1969 | AFL West | AFL | played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Jacksonville, FL |
| 1968-1999 | Cincinnati Bengals | AFL | moved into Paul Brown Stadium, Cincinnati |
| 1969 | Watertown Red and Black | EFL | joined Empire Football League from New York Professional Football League |
| 1970 | AFL East | AFL | played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Astrodome Houston, TX |
| 1970 | AFL West | AFL | played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Astrodome, Houston, TX |
| 1970 | Houston Oilers | NFL | moved into Astrodome, NFL |
| 1970-2000 | Pittsburgh Steelers | NFL (AFC) | Joined AFC in 1970; moved into Heinz Field, Pittsburgh in 2001 |
| 1970-1983 | Baltimore Colts | NFL (AFC) | Joined AFC in 1970; moved to Indianapolis in 1984 |
| 1970-1995 | Cleveland Browns | NFL (AFC) | Joined AFC in 1970; moved to Baltimore in 1996 |
| 1971-2001 | New England Patriots | NFL | moved to Foxborough, MASS, in 2002 |
| 1971-2008 | Dallas Cowboys (Irving, TX) | NFL | played at Cowboys Stadium, Irving, TX until they moved to Cowboys Stadium Arlington, TX, in 2009 |
| 1971-2001 | Philadelphia Eagles (Veterans Stadium) | NFL | Team moved into Lincoln Financial Field’ Philadelphia in 2002 |
| 1972-2009 | Kansas City Chiefs (Arrowhead) | NFL | moved into renovated Arrowhead Stadium in 2010 |
| 1973-1974 | New York Giants (New Haven) | NFL | moved to Shea Stadium in 1975 |
| 1973 | Buffalo Bills (Orchard Park) | NFL | played at nearby Orchard Park, NY) |
| 1974-present | Chicago Bears | NFL | played at Soldier Field, Chicago. |
| 1975-2001 | Detroit Lions (Pontiac) | NFL | moved to Ford Field, Detroit, in 2002 |
| 1975-2004 | New Orleans Saints (Superdome) | NFL | played games in San Antonio, TX and Baton Rouge, LA, in 2005 |
| 1975 | New York Giants (Shea Stadium) | NFL | moved to Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 1976 |
| 1976-1977 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers | NFL (AFC) | Joined NFC in 1978 |
| 1976-1977 | Seattle Seahawks | NFL (NFC) | Joined AFC in 1978 |
| 1976-2009 | New York Giants (East Rutherford, NJ) | NFL | moved into Met Life Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ, in 2010 |
| 1978-1997 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers | NFL | moved into Raymond James Stadium, Tampa, FL, in 1978 |
| 1978-2001 | Seattle Seahawks (Kingdome) | NFL | moved into Century Link Field, Renton, WA in 2002 |
| 1979-2013 | NFC All-Stars (Honolulu) | NFL | Played AFC All-Stars in Pro Bowl inj Honolulu, HW |
| 1979-2013 | AFC All-Stars (Honolulu) | NFL | Played NFC All-Stars in Pro Bowl inj Honolulu, HW |
| 1980-1994 | Los Angeles Rams (Anaheim) | NFL | Moved to St. Louis, MI, in 1995 |
| 1982-1985 | Montreal Concordes | CFL | Renamed Montreal Alouettes in 1986 |
| 1982-1994 | Los Angeles Raiders | CFL | moved back to Oakland in 1995 |
| 1984-2007 | Indianapolis Colts | NFL | moved into Lucas Oil Stadium, Indianapolis in 2008 |
| 1984-2009 | New York Jets (East Rutherford, NJ) | NFL | moved into Met Life Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 2010 |
| 1986 | Montreal Alouettes | CFL | folded after 1986 |
| 1987-present | Miami Dolphins (Miami Gardens, FL) | NFL | |
| 1988-1993 | Phoenix Cardinals | NFL | moved into University of Phoenix Stadium, Glendale, AZ |
| WORLD LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL ERA (1991-1995) | |||
| 1991-1992 | Barcelona Dragons | WLAF / NFLE | moved to Cologne, renamed Centurions 2004 |
| 1991-1992 | Birmingham Fire | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1991-2007 | Frankfurt Galaxy | WLAF / NFLE | NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season |
| 1991-1997 | London Monarchs | WLAF / NFLE | team renamed England Monarchs in 1998 |
| 1991-1992 | Montreal Machine | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1991-1992 | New York / New Jersey Knights | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1991-1992 | Orlando Thunder | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1991 | Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks | WLAF | moved to Columbus Ohio, in 1992, became Ohio Glory |
| 1991-1992 | Sacramento Surge | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1991-1992 | San Antonio Riders | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1992 | Ohio Glory (Columbus) | WLAF | NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season |
| 1993-1994 | Sacramento Gold Miners | CFL | folded after 1994 |
| 1994 | Baltimore CFL Colts | CFL | changed name to Baltimore Football Team in 1995 |
| 1994-1995 | Las Vegas Posse | CFL | folded after 1995 |
| 1994-1995 | Shreveport Pirastes | CFL | folded after 1995 |
| 1994-2005 | Arizona Cardinals (Glendale) | CFL | moved into University of Phoenix Stadium, Glendale, AZ in 2006 |
| 1995-2007 | Amsterdam Admirals | WLAF / NFLE | NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season |
| 1995-2007 | Rhein Fire (Dusseldorf) | WLAF / NFLE | NFL folded NFL E after 2007 season |
| 1995-1999 | Scottish Claymores (Edinburgh) | WLAF / NFLE | renamed Scotland Claymores after move to Glasgow |
| 1995 | Baltimore Football Team | CFL South | played one game as Baltimore FT before renamed Baltimore Stallions |
| 1995 | Birmingham Barracudas | CFL South | folded after 1995 |
| 1995 | Memphis Mad Dogs | CFL South | folded after 1995 |
| 1995 | Baltimore Stallions | CFL South | moved to Montreal, renamed Alouettes in 1996 |
| 1995-present | British Columbia Lions | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Calgary Stampeders | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Edmonton Eskimos | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Saskatchewan Roughriders | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Hamilton Tiger-Cats | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Toronto Argonauts | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-1998 | Ottawa Rough Riders | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| 1995-present | Montreal Alouettes | CFL North | CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South) |
| NFL EXPANSION ERA (1995-2002) | |||
| 1995-present | Carolina Panthers (Charlotte, NC) | NFL | |
| 1995-present | Jacksonville Jaguars | NFL | played one game a year in London from 2013 |
| 1995-2018 | St. Louis Rams | NFL | moved back to Los Angeles in 2019 |
| 1995-2019 | Oakland Raiders | NFL | moved to Las Vegas, NV |
| 1996-present | Baltimore Ravens | NFL | |
| 1997 | Tennessee Oilers (Memphis) | NFL | played one season in Memphis before moving on to Nashville |
| 1998 | England Monarchs (Birmingham) | NFL | played part of season in Bristiol, ENG, before NFL moved team to Berlin, renamed them Thunder |
| 1998 | England Monarchs (Bristol) | NFL | played part of season in Bristiol, ENG, before NFL moved team to Berlin, renamed them Thunder |
| 1998 | Tennessee Oilers (Nashville) | NFL | played one season in Nashville as Oilers before renamed Tennessee Titans |
| 1998 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers | NFL | played at Raymond James Stadium, Tampa |
| 1999-2007 | Berlin Thunder | NFL | NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season |
| 1999-present | Cleveland Browns | NFL | NFL gave Cleveland their team and Browns history backafter team moved to Baltimore in 1996. |
| 1999-present | Tennessee Titans (Nashville) | NFL | |
| 2000-2004 | Scotland Claymores (Glasgow) | NFLE | Team moved to Hamburg, GER, renamed Sea Devils in 2005 |
| 2000-present | Cincinnati Bengals | NFL | Team moved into Paul Brown Stadium in 2000 |
| 2001-present | Denver Broncos | NFL | Team moved into Sports Authority Field at Mile High in 2001 |
| 2001-present | Pittsburgh Steelers (Heinz Stadium) | NFL | Team moved into Heinz Stadium, Pittsburgh in 2001. |
| 2002-2006 | Ottawa Renegades | CFL | Folded after 2006 season |
| 2002-present | Houston Texans | NFL | Expansion team to replace Houston Oilers |
| 2002-present | New England Patriots (Foxborough) | NFL | Team moved into new Stadium in Foxborough, MASS in 2002 |
| 2002-present | Detroit Lions (Ford Field) | NFL | Team moved back to Detroit, at Ford Field in 2002 |
| 2002-present | Seattle Seahawks (Renton / Century Link) | NFL | Team moved into new Stadium at Century Link Field in 2002, and new Offices at Renton, WA. |
| 2003-present | Philadelphia Eagles (Lincoln Financial) | NFL | Team moved into new Stadium at Lincoln Financial Field, Phialdelphia in 2003 |
| 2004-2007 | Cologne Centurions | NFLE | NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season |
| 2005-2007 | Hamburg Sea Devils | NFLE | NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season |
| 2005 | New Orleans Saints (San Antonio) | NFL | Saints played part of 2005 season in San Antonio, TX after Hurricane Karina. |
| 2005 | New Orleans Saints (Baton Rouge) | NFL | Saints played part of 2005 season in Baton Rouge, LA, after Hurricane Katrina. |
| 2005 | Arizona Cardinals (Mexico City) | NFLI | Cardinals played one home game in Mexico City in 2005 as part of NFL International program. |
| 2006 | Arizona Cardinals (Glendale, AZ) | NFL | Cardinals moved into New University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona in 2006. |
| 2007 | Miami Dolphins (London, ENG) | NFLI | Dolphins played regular season games in London in 2007 and 2017 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2008 | New Orleans Saints (London, ENG) | NFLI | Saints played regular season games in London in 2008 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2008-2013 | Buffalo Bills (Toronto, CA) | NFLI | Bills played a home regular season game every year in Toronto as part of the NFL international Series from 2008-2013 |
| NFL INTERNATIONAL ERA (2009-2018) | |||
| 2009 | Dallas Cowboys (Arlington, TX) | NFL | Cowboys moved into a bnew Stadium, Cowboys Stadium, in Arlington, TX in 2009. |
| 2009 | Minnesota Vikings (TCF Bank Stadium) | NFL | Vikinmgs moved into TCF Bank Stadium, Minneapolis in 2009 |
| 2009 | Tampa Bay Buccaneers (London, ENG) | NFLI | Buccaneers played home regular season games in London as part of the NFL International Series in 2009 |
| 2010 | New York Giants (Met Life Stadium) | NFL | Giants moved into new Met Life Stadium home in East Ruherford, NJ in 2010 |
| 2010 | New York Jets (Met Life Stadium) | NFL | Jets moved into new Met Life Stadium home in East Rutherford, NJ in 2010. |
| 2010 | Kansas City Chiefs (Arrowhead) | NFL | Chiefs moved into newly renovated Arrowhead Stadium in 2010. |
| 2012 | St. Louis Rams (London, ENG) | NFLI | Rams played home regular season games in London, England as part of the NFL International Series in 2012 |
| 2013 | Jacksonville Jaguars (London, ENG) | NFLI | “Union Jags” played one home regular season game a year in London, England from 2013-2019 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2013 | Minnesota Vikings (London, ENG) | NFLI | Vikings played a home regular seasion game in England in 2013 as part of the NFL International Serie |
| 2014 | Team Rice (Honolulu, HW) | NFL | Team Rice played Team Sanders in the NFL Pro Bowl in Hawaii from 2014 |
| 2014 | Team Sanders (Honolulu, HW) | NFL | Team Sanders played Team Rice in the NFL Pro Bowl in Hawaii from 2014 |
| 2014 | Ottawa REDBLACKS | CFL | latest attempt at replacing Rough Riders |
| 2014 | San Francisco 49ers (Santa Clara, CA) | NFL | 49ers moved into a new home in Santa Clara, a suburb of San Jose in 2014 |
| 2014 | Oakland Raiders (London, ENG) | NFLI | Raiders played a home regular season match in London, England in 2014 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2014 | Atlanta Falcons (London, ENG) | NFLI | Falcons played a home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2014 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2015 | Kansas City Chiefs (London, ENG) | NFLI | Chiefs played a home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2015 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2016 | Condores CDMX | LFAM | |
| 2016 | Eagles CDMX | LFAM | renamed Mexicas CDMX in 2017 |
| 2016 | Mayas CDMX | LFAM | moved to Puebla in 2018 |
| 2016 | Raptors Edomex | LFAM | |
| 2016 | Cincinnati Bengals (London, ENG) | NFLI | Bengals played home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2016 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2016 | Oakland Raiders (Mexico City, MX) | NFLI | Raiders played home regular season match in Mexico City in 2016 and 2017 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2017 | Dinos Saltillo | LFAM | |
| 2017 | Fundidores Monterrey | LFAM | |
| 2017 | Mexicas CDMX | LFAM | |
| 2017 | Cleveland Browns (London, ENG) | NFLI | Browns played home regular season match in London, ENG in 2017 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2018 | Artilleros Puebla | LFAM | |
| 2018 | Mayas | LFAM | |
| 2018 | Osos Toluca | LFAM | |
| 2018 | Los Angeles Rams | NFL | Rams moved back to Los Angeles in 2018 |
| 2018 | Los Angeles Chargers | NFL | Chargers moved back to Los Angeles in 2018 |
| 2018 | Los Angeles Chargers (London, ENG) | NFLI | Chargers played home regular season match in London, ENG in 2018 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2019 | Pioneros Queretaro | LFAM | |
| NFL RENAMING ERA (2019-Present) | |||
| 2019 | Los Angeles Chargers (Mexico City, MX) | NFLI | Chargers played home regular season match in Mexico City in 2019 as part of the NFL International Series |
| 2020 | Las Vegas Raiders | NFL | Oakland Raiders moved into their present home in Las Vegas in 2020 |
| 2020 | Edmonton Football Team | CFL | Edmonton Football Team renamed Elks in 2021 |
| 2020 | Washington Football Team | NFL | Washington FT to be renamed in 2022 |
| 2021 | Barcelona Dragons | ELF | resurrected team from NFLE |
| 2021 | Berlin Thunder | ELF | resurrected team from NFLE |
| 2021 | Cologne Centurions | ELF | resurrected team from NFLE |
| 2021 | Frankfurt Galaxy | ELF | resurrected team from NFLE |
| 2021 | Hamburg Sea Devils | ELF | resurrected team from NFLE |
| 2021 | Leipzig Kings | ELF | new team in European League of Football which borrows London Monarchs name and changes it slightly |
| 2021 | Panthers Wroclaw | ELF | Polish team which joined the European League of Football from the East European Super League |
| 2021 | Stuttgart Surge | ELF | German team which uses the old Sacramento Surge WLAF name |
| 2021 | Edmonton Elks | CFL | Current name of Team |
Report
One thing about North American Professional Sports that strikes the reader in Europe, ins gthe regularity with which teams, move or change name or league. The above list is an attempt to provide an deasy and ready guide for Irish, British and European readers whjo are curious as to where teams once played and where they play now, from the Canadian Football League (1873 to present in its various forms), the World Series of Football (1902-1903), the first attempt at a National Football League in 1902, The American Professional Football Association (1920-1922), which was renamed the National Football League in 1923, through to the American Football League (1960-1969) which merged with the NFL in 1970, thus starting the Super Bowl bewtween the two Leagues, and on to the NFL Europe League which the NFL started as the World League of American Football in 1991 and lasted until 2007, to the NFL International Series (2005-2019) and from 2016 the Liga de Futbol Americano Mexico to the present-day renaming era.
![ARLINGTON, USA - SEP 15, 2015: Interior view of the AT&T Stadium, formerly known as Cowboys Stadium in Arlington. Texas, United States [Photo Credit; David J. Maldonaldo on Shutterstock.com]](https://i0.wp.com/eirball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/shutterstock_1063658378.jpg?resize=870.8%2C653&ssl=1)
REFERENCES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] National Football League (2014) “Chronology of Professional Football” 2013 NFL Record & Fact Book. pg. 353
[2] Professional Football Researchers Association | Wayback Machine (2010) The Coffin Corner Annual Volume 2 (1980) The First Football World Series Experiment in the Garden https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053946/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/02-An-054.pdf [Accessed 20 May 2020
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] National Football League (2014) “Chronology of Professional Football” 2013 NFL Record & Fact Book. pg. 353
[2] Professional Football Researchers Association | Wayback Machine (2010) The Coffin Corner Annual Volume 2 (1980) The First Football World Series Experiment in the Garden https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053946/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/02-An-054.pdf [Accessed 20 May 2020
WEBSITES
[1] Braunwart, Bob & Carroll, Bob (1981) The Coffin Corner (1981) Professional Football Researchers Association.3 (7) https://web.archive.org/web/20140822043543/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/03-07-068.pdf [Accessed 20 July 2018]
[2] Pro Football Archives (2019) Bob Nash [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/playern/nash00200.html [Accessed 11 October 2019]
WEBSITES
[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings | 1920-1926” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 398-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.
[2] The Growth of a Game (2015) The Complete List of European NFL Players [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/2015/03/the-complete-list-of-european-nfl-players/ [Accessed 11 October 2019]
[3] Pro Football Archives (2019) Detroit Heralds 1920 [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920apfadet.html [Accessed 11 October 2019]
[4] Arizona Cardinals (2020) Schedule [1920] [Internet] Available from: https://www.azcardinals.com/schedule/1920/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[5] Marc S. Maltby, The Coffin Corner Vol. 14 No. 4, Pro Football Researchers Association (1992) Evansville 1920-1922: The Early Stuggles of Professional Football – [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/14-04-466.pdf [Accessed 18 September 2020]
[6] Arizona Cardinals | Wayback Machine (2009) All-Time Results [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090914231608/http://www.azcardinals.com/history/all-time-results.html [Accessed 19 september 2020]
[7] Bob Carroll, The Coffin Corner Vol. 4 No. 12, Pro Football Researchers Association (1982) Akron Pros 1920 – [Internet] Available from: https://www.webcitation.org/65r52lUNU?url=http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/04-12-119.pdf Accessed 18 September 2020]
[8] Chicago Bears (2020) Schedule [1920] [Internet] available from: https://www.chicagobears.com/schedule/1920/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[10] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 4, 1920. Canton Trims Pitcairn Team [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2868%2C2793544 [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[11] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920. pg. 10 Canton Stops Toledo Eleven [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201011&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[12] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920. pg. 10 Panhandles lose to Akron [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201011&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[13] Google News: Toledo News-Bee, October 18, 1920. Canton beats Cleveland [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-u9XAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BEUNAAAAIBAJ&pg=4221%2C2532398 [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[14] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, October 25, 1920. pg. 11 Thorpe saves Canton Eleven with 2 Goals [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201025&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[15] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 1, 1920. pg. 15 Akron Takes Canton in Great Game [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MC1KAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_YUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3302%2C1526680 [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[16] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 22, 1920. pg. 15 Canton Downs Buffalo Team [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201122&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[17] Google News: The Sunday Chronicle, December 5, 1920. pg. 15 Tigers tame Thorpe’s Bulldogs [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aO9WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fkINAAAAIBAJ&pg=1212,1102615&dq=canton+bulldogs&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[18] NFL | WAyback Machine (2010) Thanksgiving serves up classic games [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100410093827/http://www.nfl.com/thanksgiving/story?id=09000d5d8045a5e3&template=without-video&confirm=true [accessed 19 september 2020]
[19] New York Times December 5, 1920 All-Americans win Pro Gridiron Game [Internet] Available from: https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/12/05/102991292.pdf [acessed 19 september 2020] [See PDF]
[20] Pro Football Archives (2020) New Haven Washington Glees [Internet] available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920newhwa.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[21] Pro Football Archives (2020) Phoenixville Union AA [Internet] available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920uni.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[22] Rochester Jeffersons (2020) 1920 Season {Internet] Available from: http://kencrippen.com/Jeffersons/1920_Rochester_Jeffersons.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2020][See PDF]
[23] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Summary [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-franchise-summary/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[24] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Summary [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-franchise-summary/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[25] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Clubs Official Games [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-clubs-official-games-1920-1929/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[26] Bills Backers | Wayback Machine (2001) History of Pro football in Western New York 1920-1939 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20010425091533/http://www.billsbackers.com/1920s.htm [accessed 19 September 2020]
[27] Sports Encyclopedia (2020) Muncie Flyers [Internet] Available from: https://sportsecyclopedia.com/nfl/muncie/flyers.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[28] Roy Sye, The Coffin Corner Vol. 24 No. 3, Pro Football Researchers Association (2002) Muncie Flyers 1920 – [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/24-03-937.pdf Accessed 18 September 2020]
[29] Google News: Toledo News-Bee, November 1, 1920 pg. 11. Brickley Boy Wins for Cleveland [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=k_8v9Q84L5sC&dat=19201101&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[30] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 29, 1920. pg. 15 Pat’s defeat Panhandles in last game [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201129&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[31] Case Western Reserve University (2020) Cleveland Tigers [Internet] Available from: https://case.edu/ech/articles/c/cleveland-tigers [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[32] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 15, 1920. pg. 15 Patricians defeat St. Edwards at Idora 10-0 [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201122&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[33] Detroit Free Press. October 11, 1920. p. 13. “Heralds Trim Panthers 40-14: Vogel, Cleveland Star Right Halfback, in Hospital From Injuries”.
[34] Detroit Free Press. October 18, 1920. p. 11. “FLUKY KICKS GIVE CHICAGO THE GAME: Detroit Heralds Lose Hard Fought Game, 12 to 0”.
[35] Detroit Free Press. October 25, 1920. p. 12. “Heralds Get Lonely Tally: Fitzgerald Intercepts Forward Pass, Runs 85 Yards to Beat Pan Handles; Local Team Plays Good Game as Do the Visitors; Big Crowd Out”.
[36] Detroit Free Press. November 1, 1920. p. 15. “HERALDS BEATEN BY LARGE SCORE: Three Blocked Punts Turn Detroit Team Back”.
[37] Detroit Free Press. November 15, 1920. p. 14. “Heralds Draw at Ft. Wayne”.
[38] Detroit Free Press. November 29, 1920. p. 11. “No Scoring in Title Battle: Neither Lansing Nor Champion Heralds Are Able to Tally on Muddy Gridiron; Visitors Outgain Locals but Long Forward Pass Almost Beats Them”.
[39] Detroit Free Press. December 6, 1920. p. 11. “EACH ELEVEN SCORES ONCE: Heralds and Maroons Go to 7-7 Tie on Muddy Grid Sunday Afternoon”.
[40] Rock Island Independents (2020) 1920 R.I. Independents [Read All About It][1920] [Internet] Available from: http://www.rockislandindependents.com/index_frame.htm [Accessed 18 September 2020]
[41] Decatur Staleys (2020) Staleys [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20050517205446/http://home.comcast.net/~esterneman/sternaman/football.htm [accessed 19 September 2020]
[42] Bob Carroll, The Coffin Corner Vol. 10 No. 4, Pro Football Researchers Association (1988) George Roudebush – [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053406/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/10-04-344.pdf Accessed 19 September 2020]
[43] Jim Quirk, The Coffin Corner Vol. 20 No. 1, Pro Football Researchers Association (1998) The Minneapolis Marines – Minnesota’s Forgotten NFL Team – [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101218204303/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/20-01-732.pdf Accessed 19 September 2020][Also Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20071210085947/http://footballresearch.com/articles/frpage.cfm?topic=marines [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[44] Website (2009) Toledo Maroons [Internet] Available from: https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/krd4052/FootballResearch/ohio/ohtolmar.htm&date=2009-10-26+01:32:02 [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[45] Cleveland (2015) 100 Years ago, were Youngstown Patricians pro football’s world champs? (photos) [Internet] available from: https://www.cleveland.com/browns/2015/11/100_years_ago_youngstown_patri.html [Accessed 20 September 2020]
[46] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920 pg. 10. Akron downs “Pats” in close contest [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1462%2C4224078 [Accessed 19 September 2020]
[47] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, October 4, 1920. pg. 14 Sharon beaten by Patricians [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3879%2C2787954 [Accessed 20 September 2020]
WEBSITES/ BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] National Football League (2018) 2018 NFL Record & Factbook | International Games p. 510 [Internet] Available from: http://www.nfl.com/static/content/public/photo/2018/08/09/0ap3000000946101.pdf [Accessed 9 November 2019]
[2] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 6 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG6 [Accessed 9 November 2019]
[3] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 7 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG7 [Accessed 9 November 2019]
[4] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 8 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG8 [Accessed 9 November 2019]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Decy Maher and Joe Piascik
REFERENCES (CANADIAN FOOTBALL ALMANAC 1875-2012 – DAVID STEWART-CANDY & DAVE CLAMEN)
SOURCES
Ontario Rugby Football Union
Québec Rugby Football Union
Western Canada Rugby Football Union
Manitoba Rugby Football Union
Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union
Alberta Rugby Football Union
British Columbia Rugby Football Union
Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union
Kingston Rugby Football League
Winnipeg Rugby Football League
Intermediate Champions
CFL Attendance Statistics – All Teams for 1982, 1983, 1986 and 1987
Calgary Stampeders Attendance Statistics 1979
Edmonton Eskimo Attendance Statistics 1966-1987
Montréal Alouettes Attendance Statistics 1977
CFL versus NFL Scores
kindly supplied by David Clamen
Thornhill, Ontario
Canada
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1986 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1994 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1995 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1996 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1997 Edition
published by Canadian Football League
Fifth Floor
110 Elginton Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
M4R 1A3
1986-1997 Canadian Football League
Canadian Football League
http://www.cfl.ca
Canadian Football – The Grey Cup Years
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Musson Book Company Limited
Don Mills, Ontario
Canada
1969 Frank Cosentino
A Passing Game – A History of the CFL
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Bain & Cox
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Canada
1995 Frank Cosentino
100 Years of Canadian Football
written by Gordon Currie
published by Pagurian Press Limited
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
1968 Pagurian Press Limited
Rider Pride – The Story of Canada’s Best-Loved Football Team
written by Bob Calder and Garry Andrews
published by Western Producer Prairie Books
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
1984
Gael Force – A Century of Football At Queen’s
written by Merv Daub
published by McGill-Queen’s University Press
Montréal, Québec & Kingston, Ontario
1996
1995 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
1996 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
published by Jim Dorash
1996 British Columbia Lions Football Club
Montréal Alouettes Guide Média / Media Guide ’86
published by Club de Football Les Alouettes de Montréal
1986
Ottawa Rough Riders ’87 Media Guide / Guide Média
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
1987
Ottawa Rough Riders 1995 Fact Book
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
1995 Ottawa Rough Riders
Toronto Argonauts ’89 Yearbook & Media Guide
published by the Toronto Argonauts Football Club
1989
Sports Logo Guide – Third Edition
written by John M. Fulgano
published by The Sports Fanatic
San Ramon, California
1997 John M Fulgaro
The Vancouver Sun
October 24th 1998
published by Pacific Press
Vancouver, British Columbia
1997 & 1998 Attendance
kindly supplied courtesy of the Saskatchewan Roughriders Football Club
Canadian Junior Football League
http://www.cjfl.ca/
Ottawa Rough Riders Fan Page
http://roughriders.ottawa.com/history/coachrecord.html
Professional Football Researchers Association
http://www.geocities.com/Colosseum/Sideline/5960/contlg.htm
University of Western Ontario Mustangs
http://members.tripod.com/mustangfootball/overallrecord.htm
Many thanks to Jim Stevenson (Statistician – Ontario Football Conference) for kindly providing OFC material for 1984 to 2000
Many thanks to Mitch Soivenski of Hampton, New Hampshire for submitting errata corrections
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to David Stewart-Candy
REFERENCES
WEBSITES
[2] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]
[3] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]
[4] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]
[5] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]
[6] American Football International (2016) Mayas Win First Liga de Football Americano Championship Game In Mexico [Internet] available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/mayas-win-first-liga-de-futboll-americano-championship-game-mexico/ [accessed 5 August 2018]
[7] LFA Mexico (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 15 April 2019]
[8] LFA Mexico (2019) Calendario [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario/[Accessed 13 May 2019]
WEB ARCHIVE
[9] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20161106181310/http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]
IMAGES
[6] Brands of the World (2018) LFA Logo [Internet] Available from: https://botw-pd.s3.amazonaws.com/styles/logo-thumbnail/s3/012017/untitled-1_0.jpg?itok=is8COLAV [Accessed 1 August 2018]
Acknowledgements
Thanks to Todd Zboyan.
REFERENCES
LOGOS
[1] European League of Football Facebook Page (2021) Profile Picture, February 4, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/europeanleagueoffootball/photos/a.100150555247238/159345569327736/ [Accessed 27 April 2021]
WEBSITES
[2] American Football International (2020) Pro football returns to Europe: European League of Football kicks off in 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootballinternational.com/pro-football-returns-to-europe-european-league-of-football-kicks-off-in-2021/ [Accessed 5 November 2020]
[3] Mailchimp ELF (2021) European League of Football Season Schedule 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://mailchi.mp/468f778ac192/european-league-of-league-of-football-season-schedule-2021?e=8720ab58ac [Accessed 20 April 2021]
[4] European League of Football Facebook Page (2021) Post, 26 April 2021: “The divisions with the updated Leipzig Kings logo!” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/europeanleagueoffootball/photos/a.189040923024867/211338784128414 [Accessed 27 April 2021]
[5] European League of Football (2021) Stats [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/stats [Accessed 11 July 2021]
[6] European League of Football (2021) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/schedule [Accessed 11 July 2021]
[7] Barcelona Dragons Facebook (2021)Profile Picture: March 24, 2021: 164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n.jpg?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=7nF5AhntfsEAX9glptP&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=a430079a20cfb0956dd3ea5a7c8db22e&oe=61316F91 [Accessed 11 July 2021]
[8] Panthers Wroclaw Fabecook (2021) profile Picture September 20, 2013 1235513_483738095055993_896136457_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PanthersWroclaw/photos/a.483738081722661/483738095055993/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[9] Hamburg Sea Devils Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 9, 2021: 159505975_122355319823281_3096303558860788527_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/HamburgSeaDevils/photos/a.106420621416751/122355316489948 [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[10] Stuttgart Surge Facebook (2021) Profile Picture July 27, 2021: 224860379_157740426432198_682630597869113461_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/StuttgartSurgeFootball/photos/a.101150422091199/157740416432199/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[11] Leipzig Kings Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 23, 2021 176481610_124322863083112_5924150060350890678_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/105240348324697/photos/a.105240374991361/124322859749779 [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[12] Cologne Centurions Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 22, 2021 164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=q-FxP6s2FecAX8leJ2f&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=b85f562fcd7282fd92b580c46312ec3d&oe=61329D2C [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[13] Frankfurt Galaxy Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 18, 2021 175159880_127159659432418_8771340701865027771_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/frankfurtgalaxy21/photos/a.100834638731587/127159656099085 [Accessed 6 August 2021]
[14] Berlin Thunder Facebook (2021) Profile Picture May 6, 2021 182443261_131030875743347_4880774321224305568_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BER.Thunder/photos/a.106909338155501/131030872410014/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]
PHOTOS
[38] ARLINGTON, USA – SEP 15, 2015: Interior view of the AT&T Stadium, formerly known as Cowboys Stadium in Arlington. Texas, United States [Photo Credit; David J. Maldonaldo on Shutterstock.com]
REFERENCES
WEBSITES
[1] World League of American Football (2018) download [Internet] Available from: data:image/png;base64,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 Accessed 23 April 2018]
[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
NEWSPAPERS
[3] Anon. (1991) “Standings” First Down, June 1, 1991, pg. 5
[4] Anon. (1991) “Jon’s too Hort to handle” First Down, June 8, 1991, pg. 4-5
[5] Anglesey, Steve (1991) “Enter the Dragons!” First Down, June 15, 1992, pg. 6-7
WEBSITES
[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[7] Anon. (1992) “Standings” First Down, May 30, 1992, pg. 5
[8] Anon. (1992) “What a Drag On!” First Down, June 6, 1992, pg. 4-5
[9] Anglesey, Steve (1992) “Ace Arch has a ball in Montreal” First Down, June 13, 1992, pg. 4-5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Rose McCabe, Ann Hanley, Gabriel McCloyne, Eerson Callender, Peter Lemass, Gerry Tully & Ciaran Simms
REFERENCES
MAGAZINES
[1] Anon. (1996) Claymores Roster / Monarchs Roster First Down. April 13th, 1996. Centre Pages.
[2] FD Reporter (1996) “Kicking Kev Keeps Irish Eyes Smiling: Ex-London ace Hurst hooks up with Kurt Smeby’s Leprechauns” First Down. March 15, 1997.
NEWSPAPERS
[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALLEvening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]
WEBSITES
[19] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]
[20] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/jeff-reinebold-to-give-clinics-in-ireland/ [Accessed 3 August 2018]
[21] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland – Picture [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/1945124.jpg [Accessed 3 August 2018]
[22] American Football International (2015) The Never Ending Football Journey of Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/the-never-ending-football-journey-of-jeff-reinebold/ [accessed 4 August 2018]
[23] Wikipedia (2018) Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Reinebold [Accessed 4 August 2018]
NEWSPAPERS
[11] Naughton, Lindie (1996) “US FOOTBALL”Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]
[12] Anon. (1991) “Standings” First Down. May 25, 1991. Issue 257. pg. 5.
WEBSITES
[1] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[7] Scottish Claymores (1995)1995 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1995.php [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[8] Scottish Claymores (1996)1996 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1996.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[9] Scottish Claymores (1997)1997 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1997.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[12] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]
IMAGES
[24] World League of American Football (2020) 96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350.jpg [Accessed 17 September 2020]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Laura Shadbolt.
NEWSPAPERS
[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]
WEBSITES
[1] Growth of a Game (2014) NFL Europe Logos [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/NFL-Europe-Logo.jpg [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[3] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]
[12] Scottish Claymores (1998)1998 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1998.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[13] Scottish Claymores (1999)1999 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1999.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[14] Scottish Claymores (1999)2000 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2000.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[15] Scottish Claymores (1999)2001 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2001.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[16] Scottish Claymores (1999)2002 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2002.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[17] Scottish Claymores (1999)2003 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1999.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[18] Scottish Claymores (1999)2004 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2004.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]
[19] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]
[20] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/jeff-reinebold-to-give-clinics-in-ireland/ [Accessed 3 August 2018]
[21] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland – Picture [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/1945124.jpg [Accessed 3 August 2018]
[22] American Football International (2015) The Never Ending Football Journey of Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/the-never-ending-football-journey-of-jeff-reinebold/ [accessed 4 August 2018]
[23] Wikipedia (2018) Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Reinebold [Accessed 4 August 2018]
[24] Britball Now (2018) Historical League Tables | NFL Europe [Internet] Available from: http://www.britballnow.co.uk/history-index/historical-league-tables-in/ [Accessed 28 December 2018]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to Laura Shadbolt.
ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT
Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the
Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive
Last Updated: 23 August 2021
(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2021
You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.