European Football League Eurobowl 1986

EuroBowl 86 Logo [Ref: 6]

Results

DateHome TeamAway Team
Qualifier
1986Leicester Panthers (Eng)18Birmingham Bulls (Eng)32
Quarter-Finals
1986Birmingham Bulls (Eng)29Anzbach Grizzlies (Ger)18
1986TAFT Vantaa (Fin)60Lugano Seagulls (Swi)0
1986Amsterdam Rams (Ned)41Salzburg Lions (Aut)0
1986Bologna Doves (Ita)44Paris Jets (Fra)0
Semi-Finals
1986Birmingham Bulls (Eng)7Bologna Doves (Ita)40
1986Taft Vantaa (Fin)67Amsterdam Rams (Ned)6
Eurobowl I
1986TAFT Vantaa (Fin)20Bologna Doves (Ita)16
Eurobowl I Results 1986 [Ref:

Report

The Eurobowl is the Super Bowl of European American Football, and the first ever Tournament was held in Amsterdam, Netherlands in 1986, with TAFT Vantaa (Terrikulen American Football Team) from a small town outside Helsinki in Finland defeating Bologna Doves of Italy 20-16 in the Final.

The tournament featured eight teams: TAFT and Bologna, as well as Amsterdam Rams (Netherlands), Birmingham Bulls (England), Anzbach Grizzlies (Germany), Lugano Seagulls (Switzerland), Salzburg Lions (Austria) and Paris Jets (France).

In a qualifier before the tournament, the winners of the two British Leagues, Leicester Panthers and Birmingham Bulls played off for the right to be the British representatives.

References

Websites

[1] SAJL (2020) Eurobowl [Internet] Available from: https://www.sajl.fi/laji-info/historia/eurobowl/ [Accessed 5 April 2020]

[2] Birmingham Bulls (2020) ABOUT US [Internet] Available from: http://birminghambulls.co.uk/about-us.html [Accessed 5 April 2020]

[3] SAFF (2020) Eurobowl History [Internet] Available from: https://www.saff.se/forbundet/Historia/Eurobowl [Accessed 5 April 2020]

[4] Britball Now (2020) British and Irish Clubs in European Competition [Internet] Available from: http://www.britballnow.co.uk/History/ResultsEurope.html [Accessed 5 April 2020]

[5] SAJL (2002) Amerikkalaisen Jalkapollon Vuosikirija 2002 [Internet] Available from: https://sajl-fi-bin.directo.fi/@Bin/bed8392ef17f2e1c6a34e267defc200a/1586084220/application/pdf/2289128/sajl%20vuosikirja%202002.pdf [Accessed 5 April 2020][Pg. 65]

Images

[6] Wikipedia (2020) EuroBowl 86 Logo {Internet] Available from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/de/thumb/2/2c/EuroBowl86.svg/1200px-EuroBowl86.svg.png [Accessed 5 April 2020]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Richard Conville, Conor Lynch, Maurice Lynch, Robert Byron, Dylan Brennan, Gareth Quigley, Kevin Smyth, Frank Winters, Declan Mulvey.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 5 April 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

UEFA U18 European Championship (Soccer) 1992

UEFA Logo 1967-1992 [Ref: 2]

Results

DateHome TeamAway Team
Quarter-Finals
1992Portugal4Germany0
1992Turkey3Hungary0
1992England6Poland1
1992CIS4Norway4 (p)
Semi-Finals
1992Portugal1 (p)England1
1992Norway1Turkey2
Third Place Playoff
1992England1Norway1 (p)
Final
1992Portugal1Turkey2 (aet)
UEFA U18 European Championship Results 1992 [Ref: 1]

Note: (aet): After Extra Time (p) Norway and Portugal won their respective games on penalties.

Report

The 1992 Under 18 European Championship Finals were held in Germany, with a straight knockout format used for the eight qualified teams.

Turkey won the tournament beating Hungary 3-0 in the Quarter-Finals, Norway 2-1 in the Semi-Final, and Portugal 2-1 after extra time, in the Final. Turkey’s Under 18s had played 28 matches over the previous 30 months, winning 13, drawing 8 and losing 9.

It vindicated the youth policies of manager Serpil Hamdi Tuzun, who combined work at the National Level with his job on the coaching staff of Besiktas under Scot Gordon Milne. Mustafa of Galatasaray scored four of the goals in the Finals, but the winner in the final came from substitute Takan, who played for Third Division Club, Karagumruk.

References

Magazines

[1] Cemali, Hasan (1992) “Turkey take teenage title” World Soccer. September 1992, pg. 53.

Images

[2] Fandom Logos (2020) UEFA Logo 1967-1992 [Internet] Available from: https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/logopedia/images/d/d3/UEFA_Logo_1960s.png/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/200?cb=20160411130211  [Accessed 5 April 2020]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Karl Saab.

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 5 April 2020

(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.

Ulster Open Baseball Championship 2015

Ulster Open Baseball Championship Trophy [Ref: 19]

Final Standings

PosTeamPWLTRFRA
1Dublin City Hurricanes $5400438
2Dublin Spartans53114615
3Baseball Scotland53112512
4Belfast Hornets $52201015
5Cavan Comets 5212927
6Belfast North Stars $51301628
7Liverpool Trojans $51211736
8Tonbridge Baseball Club 50412550
Ulster Baseball Championship Final Standings 2015 [Ref: Compiled from Results in 1-18]

Note: $ Match Results currently unknown.

Playoffs

DateHome TeamAway Team
Plate Semi-Finals
21.06.2015Cavan Comets6Liverpool Trojans6
21.06.2015Belfast North Stars8Tonbridge BC4
7-8 Place
21.06.2015Liverpool Trojans9Tonbridge BC8
5-6 Place
21.06.2015Cavan CometsWBelfast North StarsL
Semi-Finals
21.06.2015Dublin Spartans9Belfast Hornets2
21.06.2015Dublin City Hurricanes3Baseball Scotland1
3-4 Place
21.06.2015Belfast Hornets3Baseball Scotland4
Final
21.06.2015Dublin Spartans4Dublin City Hurricanes8
Ulster Baseball Championship Playoffs 2020 [Ref: 12-18]

Group Standings

PWLTRFRAGB
Group A
*Dublin Spartans3201335–
*Baseball Scotland32012060.0
+Belfast North Stars3020123
+Liverpool Trojans (Eng)3020222
Group B
*Dublin City Hurricanes3200323–
*Belfast Hornets310052
+Cavan Comets30111022
+Tonbridge Baseball Club (Eng)30211333
Ulster Baseball Championship Group Standings 2015 [Ref: Compiled from Results in: 1-11]

Note: * Qualify for Championship Semi-Finals; + Qualify for Plate Semi-Finals

Group Results

DateHome TeamAway Team
Group A
20.06.2015Dublin Spartans15Liverpool Trojans0
20.06.2015Belfast North Stars0Baseball Scotland9
20.06.2015Belfast North StarsLiverpool Trojans
20.06.2015Dublin Spartans4Baseball Scotland4
20.06.2015Belfast North Stars1Dublin Spartans14
20.06.2015Baseball Scotland7Liverpool Trojans2
Group B
20.06.2015Dublin City Hurricanes13Cavan Comets1
20.06.2015Tonbridge Baseball Club2Belfast Hornets5
20.06.2015Tonbridge Baseball Club9Cavan Comets9
20.06.2015Dublin City HurricanesBelfast Hornets
20.06.2015Tonbridge Baseball Club2Dublin City Hurricanes19
20.06.2015Belfast HornetsWCavan CometsL
Ulster Baseball Championship Group Results 2015 [Ref: 1-11]

Venue: Hydebank Playing Fields, 19 Newtownbreda Rd, Castlereagh, Belfast BT8






Report





Dublin City Hurricanes won the second Ulster Baseball Championships, played at Hydebank Playing Fields, Castlereagh, near Belfast from the 20th to 21st June 2015. 





Two Belfast teams (the North Stars and Hornets), two Dublin teams (the Hurricanes and Spartans), Cavan Comets from Ulster (ROI), Baseball Scotland National Team, and two teams from England (Liverpool Trojans and Tonbridge Baseball Club) battled it out in two groups of 4 followed by semi-finals and Finals, with Dublin City Hurricanes defeating old enemy Dublin Spartans 8-4 in the Final.





Dublin City Hurricanes – Ulster Open Baseball Championships Winners 2015 [Ref: 21]





Paolo Barbero of the Dublin City Hurricanes won the Individual Award for Home Run King. Jeffrey Shiau (Dublin Spartans) was named MVP (Most Valuable Player).





Paolo Barbero – Home Run King Ulster Open Baseball Championships 2015 [Ref: 22]





Reference





Internet Archive





[1] Belfast Baseball | Internet Archive (2015) Ulster Baseball Championship 2015 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151109180643/http://belfastnorthstars.wix.com/northstars2 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[2] Belfast Baseball | Internet Archive (2015) Ulster Baseball Championship 2015 Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20151109180643/http://belfastnorthstars.wix.com/northstars2 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





Social Media





[3] Baseball Ireland Facebook (2015) Post to Page by Peadar O,Caomhanaigh, June 22, 2015:”Congratulations to Jose Angel Santos and Jon Carter and all the Belfast Northstars Baseball, Belfast Buccaneers Baseball Club and Belfast Hornets Baseball Club on a wonderful weekend at the Ulster Open Baseball Championship 2015.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/groups/51106610873/permalink/10153352797790874/ [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[4] Baseball Scotland Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Team Scotland end the day undefeated as we beat Liverpool 7 to 2.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BaseballScotland/posts/847365682024119 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[5] Baseball Scotland Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Team Scotland ends the game 4 to 4 to the Dublin Spartans. Spartans come back to tie it in the last inning.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BaseballScotland/posts/847312685362752 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[6] Baseball Scotland Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Team Scotland takes first game versus Belfast North Stars 9 to 0. Team manager Jason Derr throws a shutout and the team batted around in the top of the fifth scoring 8 to put the game away.” [Internet] Available from:https://www.facebook.com/BaseballScotland/posts/847219225372098 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[7] Belfast Northstars Baseball Facebook (2015) Post, March 25, 2015:”Ulster Open Baseball Championship, weekend of June 20th-21st. Official team Line-ups,” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/NorthstarsBB/posts/651458121626116 [Accessed 27 March 2020]





[8] Dublin City Hurricanes Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Game 1: Hurricanes 13 Cavan 1″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DublinCityHurricanes/posts/888161297922339 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[9] Liverpool Trojans Facebook (2015) Post, June 19, 2015:”Trojans advance party in Belfast ahead of this weekend’s Ulster Baseball Championships .” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/liverpooltrojans/photos/a.222075011136165/999129550097370/?type=3&theater [Accessed 3 April 2020]





[10] Tonbridge Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Tonbridge 9 – Cavan Comets 9″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/tonbridgebaseball/posts/890880274306956 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[11] Tonbridge Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 20, 2015:”Tonbridge 2-Belfast Bucs 5″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/tonbridgebaseball/posts/890831087645208 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[12] Baseball Scotland Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Team Scotland drop the game to the Dublin Hurricanes 3 to 1. Playing for 3rd place.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BaseballScotland/posts/847803961980291 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[13] Baseball Scotland Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Team Scotland wins a nail biter against the Belfast Hornets. Final score 4 to 3 and take 3rd place in the Ulster Open.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BaseballScotland/posts/847944721966215 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[14] Dublin Spartans Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post to Page by Alan Fox, June 21, 2015:”” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/groups/dublinspartans/permalink/10155772142010381/ [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[15] Liverpool Trojans Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Trojans Triumph on Day 2 of the Ulster Baseball Championships! “ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/liverpooltrojans/photos/a.222075011136165/1000386869971638/?type=3&theater[Accessed 3 April 2020]





[16] Tonbridge Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Tonbridge 4 – Belfast North Stars 8″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/tonbridgebaseball/posts/891285060933144 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[17] Tonbridge Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Tonbridge 8 – Liverpool Trojans 9″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/tonbridgebaseball/photos/a.572380792823574/891369600924690/?type=3 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[18] Tonbridge Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Tonbridge 2 – Dublin Hurricanes 19″ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/tonbridgebaseball/posts/890948200966830 [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[18] Comets Baseball Facebook (2015) Post, June 21, 2015:”Great team performance by the Comets at the Ulster Baseball Open this weekend- winning 3 out of 5 games – beating Liverpool, the Belfast North Stars & Tonbridge (London) …” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/Cavan.Comets/posts/916346698406978 [Accessed 5 April 2020]





Images





[20] Ulster Open Baseball Championships (2015) Post to Page by Jon Carter, June 19, 2015:”The clock is ticking, less than 12 hours to go guy & gals! Really hope your all ready for this, it will be EPIC!!!” [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/10527540_10153520892356454_8538585337183442953_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&_nc_sid=02d79f&_nc_ohc=SEM1N35kvC8AX9qzqU9&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=2df60e14acebed902c61c21cf871bb54&oe=5EB00E54  [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[21] Dublin City Hurricanes Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 22, 2015:”Champions — in Belfast, United Kingdom.” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DublinCityHurricanes/photos/a.804799506258519/889208441150958/?type=3&theater [Accessed 4 April 2020]





[22] Dublin City Hurricanes Baseball Club Facebook (2015) Post, June 23, 2015:”Paolo Barbero wins Home Run King award at Ulster Invitational at #Belfast“ [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DublinCityHurricanes/photos/a.804799506258519/889751804429955/?type=3&theater [Accessed 4 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Brian Connolly, Panthers.





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 5 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.


					


			



				
					


	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Tom Furlong Irish-Born NFL and Pro American Football Player 1965-1966
		


		

			

Tom Furlong





Born: Daingean, Co. offaly





Career: Kicker on the Practice Squad of the New York Giants (NFL) 1965 / Pre-Season signing for Atlanta Falcons (NFL) 1966 (Cut after tearing cruciate ligaments) / Brooklyn Dodgers, Continental Football League 1966.





Biography: Tom Furlong was born in Daingean, Co. Offaly, and played Inter-County Football for Offaly, before being banned by the County Board for playing Soccer. Sitting in a bar in New York, he overheard members of the New York Giants Coaching Staff lamenting at the quality of their kickers (The Giants were having a woeful season) and having seen the game on TV, thought there was nothing to it a GAA player could not do, and volunteered to try out. He got on the Practice Squad for the Giants in 1965, leading to interviews with the New York Times and other newspapers with Irish-American connections.





The Giants brought in a new Kicker the following season, but the Irish-American Community Leaders, seeing the value of an Irish-born player in the NFL, arranged tryouts with the Atlanta Falcons and New England Patriots. He was signed by the Falcons for $12, 000-a-yeat contract, but unfortunately tore his cruciate ligament in training four days before the start of the season.





He didn’t give up on a Pro Career, however, as he was only working as a carpet fitter at the time and signed for the Brookyn Dodgers in the Continental Football League, where he played the 1966 season before retiring, as he thought his kicking was never as good after the injury.





Reference: [3-4]





Tom Furlong in Action [Ref: 7]





Tom Furlong Career Statistics





YearNo.TeamLeaguePositionGPGS
196621Brooklyn DodgersCoFLK60
Tom Furlong Career Statistics [Ref: 6]





Legend: No. = Shirt Number. CoFL = Continental Football League. K = Kicker. GP = Games Played. GS = Games Started. 





Kicking





YearTeamLeagueFG FGAPctXP1XP1APctPts
1966Brooklyn DodgersCoFL21020.0192190.525
Tom Furlong Kicking Statistics [Ref: 6]





Legend: CoFL = Continental Football League. FG = Field Goals (Successful). FGA  = Field Goals Attempted. Pct = Percentage. XP1 = Extra Points (Successful). XP1A = Extra Points attempted. Pts = Total Points (3 Pts FG, 1 Pt XP1) 





Punting





YearTeamLeagueNo.YDSAVGLGBLOCK
1966Brooklyn DodgersCoFL11010.0100
Tom Furlong Punting Statistics [Ref: 6]





Legend: CoFL = Continental Football League. No. = Number of Punts Made. YDS = Yards Punted. AVG = Average Yards Punted. LG = Longest Punt. BLOCK = Punts Blocked.





NFL 1965





PWLTPFPAPct
Eastern Conference
*Cleveland Browns141130363325.786
Dallas Cowboys14770325280.500
New York Giants14770270338.500
Washington Redskins14680257301.429
Philadelphia Eagles14590363359.357
St. Louis Cardinals14590296309.357
Pittsburgh Steelers142120202397.143
Western Conference
*Green Bay Packers141031316224.769
Baltimore Colts141031389284.769
Chicago Bears14950409275.643
San Francisco 49ers14761421402.538
Minnesota Vikings14770383403.500
Detroit Lions14671257295.462
Los Angeles Rams144100269328.286
National Football League Standings 1965 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
Western Playoff
1965Green Bay Packers13Baltimore Colts10 OT
NFL Championship
1965Green Bay Packers23Cleveland Browns12
National Football League Playoffs 1965 [Ref: 1]





Tom Furlong, who was born in Co. Offaly, Ireland, was on the Practice Squad of the New York Giants in 1965 [Ref: 3-4]





NFL Preseason 1966





PWLTPct
Baltimore Colts55001.000
Dallas Cowboys55001.000
Chicago Bears4310.750
Minnesota Vikings5311.750
Philadelphia Eagles5320.600
Cleveland Browns5320.600
New York Giants5320.600
Los Angeles Rams5320.600
Green Bay Packers4220.500
St. Louis Cardinals5230.400
Washington Redskins4130.250
Pittsburgh Steelers5140.200
Atlanta Falcons5140.200
Detroit Lions5041.000
San Francisco 49ers5050.000
National Football League Preseason Standings 1966 [Ref: 5]





Tom Furlong, who was born in Co. Offaly, Ireland, played Kicker for the Atlanta Falcons in the NFL preseason 1966 [Ref: 3-4]





CoFL 1966





PWLT
West Division
Orlando Panthers141220
Charleston Rockets141040
Montreal Beavers14770
Richmond Rebels144100
Wheeling Ironmen140140
East Division
Toronto Rifles14950
Philadelphia Bulldogs14950
Norfolk Neptunes14860
Hartford Charter Oaks14680
Brooklyn Dodgers14590
Continental Football League Standings 1966 [Ref: 2]





DateHome TeamAway Team
CoFL Championship
1966Philadelphia BulldogsW
Continental Football League Playoffs 1966 [Ref: 2]





Tom Furlong, who was born in Co. Offaly, Ireland, played as Kicker for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1966. [Ref: 3-4]





References:





Bibliography





[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 NFL Record & Factbook . pg. 396.





Websites:





[2] Greater Northwest Football Alliance (2017) Continental Football League (1965-1969) [Internet] Available from: http://www.gnfafootball.org/continentalleague.htm [Accessed 30 August 2017]





Sources:





[3] Hannigan, Dara (1987) “Greening of the Gridiron” The Sunday Tribune , 27 July 1987. Sportweek, pg. 10 [Available online at the British Newspaper Archive: https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/ ]





[4] Irish Independent (2014) Tom Furlong and the NFL career that slipped away [Internet] Available from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/gaelic-football/offalys-tom-furlong-and-the-nfl-career-that-slipped-away-30549405.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[5] Anon. (1966) NFL Exhibition Final Standings El Paso Herald Post. September 5 1966. pg. 19 [Internet] Available from: https://newspaperarchive.com/el-paso-herald-post-sep-05-1966-p-19/ [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[6] Pro Football Archives (2020)1966 Brooklyn Dodgers Continental Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1966coflbkn.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





Images:





[7] Irish Independent (2014) Tom Furlong and the NFL career that slipped away [Internet] Available from: https://www.independent.ie/sport/gaelic-games/25ee2/30549403.ece/AUTOCROP/w1240h700/2014-08-31_spo_3142175_I1.JPG [Accessed 2 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Tim Leadingham





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 2 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and World Gridiron Archive 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.


					


					
				



				
					


			
					
	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Adrian Young Irish-Born NFL, Pro and College American Football Player 1964-1975
		


		

			

Adrian Young





Height: 6-1 Weight: 230





Born: 03 January 1946, Dublin (Ireland)





CollegeL: Southern California Trojans (1964-1967)





Draft: 3rd Round (68th Overall), PhiladelphiaEagles (1968)





Pro: Philadelphia Eagles (NFL 1968-1972), Detroit Lions (NFL 1972), Chicago Bears (NFL 1973), The Hawaiians (WFL 1974-1975)





Adrian Young Philadelphia Eagles 1972 [Ref: 6]





Adrian Young, born in Dublin, Ireland, played for the Hawaiians in the World Football League from 1974-1975, as well as Philadelphia Eagles (1968-1972), Detroit Lions (1972) & Chicago Bears (1973) in the National Football League beforehand. [2]





He was born in Dublin, and grew up in Albert Court, across from Boland Mills, the famous bread company. His grandfather had delivered bread for the company on a horse-drawn cart. His mpther was a baker and he went to school in St. Canice’s CBS on North Circular Road, ‘a tough place’ and also Westland Row and Haddington Place. 





He would go to hurling and football matches at Croke Park, and got to participate in a track meet there, an experience which meant a lot to him. He got involved through his father in Football in the Phoenix Park. They were a typical Dublin family – his mother came from a big family and they grew up opposite them. They took one bath a week, and his mother heated the water on the stove. 





It was the middle of the 1950s, however, and with a large amount of emigration, and his father decided to follow in the footsteps of some of his siblings and move to Baltimore in Maryland, USA. They went to Cobh, in Cork, and took a big boat – the SS United States – on a six or seven day trip across the Atlantic – a journey which remains a vivid memory for Adrian. They landed in New York, and they didn’t have much money. Their father was supposed to pick them up. The car broke down enroute to Baltimore, and they waited six or seven hours in New York for him. He managed to get there eventually, and got to Baltimore, where they were “two strange kids walking around Baltimore” (Adrian and his brother). Their parents got them long pants for the first time.





His fther got a meat-packing job in Baltimore but it wasn’t long before California beckoned, and they drove all the way along the Appalachian Trail, all along Route 66, in a 1953 Ford, before they arrived in Southern California. They settled in La Puente, about half an hour outside downtown Los Angeles. Young attended Bishop Amat High School, and with no soccer on the activities list, joined the Football team, American Football, that is. Their coach was ex-Notre Dame, who wad played under the legendar y Frank Leahy. They won an Inter-State Championship and Young was selected as one of the best players around.





Being Irish, and from a small island, and then being in a big place like the United States of America and Los Angeles, it made him feel more comfortable in it, being good at something over there, like Football. They never had much money, but they were told life was opportunity, and to go after it, so even though Football was alien to his parents, they saved up to buy football cleats. 





He was slight though, only 165 lbs, and decided to dedicate himself to training. He won a scholarship to USC (the University of Southern California), he would otherwise have never have afforded to go to University. They had won National Championships a few years previously. Young is part of the USC legend, which is something considering the athletes there over the years. He was co-captain of a side containg OJ Simpson, Tim Rossovich and Ron Yary – all legendary American Footballers. It was during one game against longtime rivals Notre Dame , that Young made NFL teams sit up and notice. . He made four interceptions in the game, which tied a conference record. The LA Times referred to it as “Young’s greatest day” . 





With OJ Simpson, one of the greatest Pro and College players ever, on the team, the went all the way to the Rose Bowl, one of the top College Bowls, and Young was selected as an All-Conference and All-American player, significant awards. Simpson carved out a stellar career with the Buffalo Bills in the NFL, Yary was the first draft pick 12 months later for the ad became a star with the Minnesota Vikings. Rossovich was, like Young, drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles, and went on to become a Hollywood stuntman after the NFL – he had roomed with Tom Selleck, while at USC. Young and Rossovich roomed together while at the Eagles. Young rembers his time at USC, rubbing shoulders with billionaires, and going to parties and going into the den and seeing Oscars there. Some of the college students came from the Hollywood Elite. 





He recalled that he had been fortunate enough to stay injury free while at college, but in the tougher world of the NFL he was getting beat up more. He had been quick on his feet, but tore his ligament off his right knee. He was able to play again, and was starting linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles for five and a half years, and then played half a year for the Detroit Lions, and then one for the Chicago Bears, and two for the Hawaiians in the World Football League, a Major League rival to the NFL. He felt his time at Philadelphia wasn’t as successful as his time inn College, the Eagles were going through a transition phase, and had numerous coach changes, but he said he got to play 6 years in the National Football League and nothing could take away from that.





He returned to Dublin recently, and said that it had changed a lot – his old neighbourhood was now an upscale development – but said that his Irish background remained something deeply respected, despite all the fame and glamour he was exposed to in the NFL and USC.





Adrian Young Career Statistics





YearTeamLeagueNoPositionGPGS
1968Philadelphia EaglesNFL35LLB10
1969PhiladelphiaEaglesNFL35LLB131970
1970Philadelphia EaglesNFL35LLB14
1971Philadelphia EaglesNFL35RLB22
1972Philadelphia EaglesNFL35LB10
1972Detroit LionsNFL51LB100
1972YearNFL110
1973Chicago BearsNFL54LB2
1974The HawaiiansWFL61RLB
1975The HawaiiansWFL65WLB
Adrian Young Career Record [Ref: 5]





Legend: NFL = National Football League. WFL = World Football League. No. = Shirt Number. LLB = Left Linebacker. RLB = Right Linebacker. LB = Linebacker. WLB = Wide Linebacker. GP = Games Played. GS = Games Started.





Interceptions





YearTeamLeagueNo. YDSAVGLGTD
1969Philadelphia EaglesNFL100.000
1970Philadelphia EaglesNFL2199.5130
1974The HawaiiansWFL11111.0110
1975The HawaiiansWFL23819.0190
Adrian Young Interceptions [Ref: 5]





Legend: NFL = National Football League. WFL = World Football League. No. = Number of Interceptions Made. YDS = Yards Returned. AVG = Average Yards Returned. LG = Longest Yards returned. TD = Interceptions Returned for Touchdowns.





Fumbles





YearTeamLeagueNoLostOwnOppRecYdsTD
1968PhiladelphiaEaglesNFL00011110
1969Philadelphia EaglesNFL00123240
Adrian Young Fumbles [Ref: 5]





NFL = National Football League.  No. = Number of Interceptions Made. Lost = Fumbles Made (Lost). Own = fumbles Recovered (Own Team). Opp = Fumbles Recovered (Opposing Team). Rec = Total Fumbles Received. YDS = Yards Returned.  TD = Interceptions Returned for Touchdowns.





AAWU (College) 1964





OWOLOTPctCWCLCTPct
Oregon State Beavers830.727310.750
USC Southern Califonia Trojans730.700310.750
Washington Huskies640.600520.714
UCLA California-Los Angeles Bruins460.400220.500
Stanford Cardinal550.500340.429
Oregon Ducks721.750121.375
Washington State Cougars361.350121.375
California Golden Bears370.300040.000
Athletic Association of Western Universities Standings 1964 [Ref: 6]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Southern California Trojans in 1964. [2] Note: OW=Overall Wins, OL= Overall Losses, OT=Overall Ties, CW=Conference Wins (AAWU), CL=Conference Losses (AAWU), CT=Conference Ties (AAWU)





AAWU (College) 1965





OWOLOTPctCWCLCTPct
UCLA California-Los Angeles Bruins821.7734001.000
USC Southern California Trojans721.750410.800
Washington State Cougars730.700210.667
Washington Huskies550.500430.571
Stanford Cardinal631.650230.400
California Golden Bears550.500230.400
Oregon State Beavers550.500130.250
Oregon Ducks451.450050.000
Athletic Association of Western Universities Standings 1965 [Ref: 7]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Southern California Trojans in 1965. [2] Note: OW=Overall Wins, OL= Overall Losses, OT=Overall Ties, CW=Conference Wins (AAWU), CL=Conference Losses (AAWU), CT=Conference Ties (AAWU)





AAWU (College) 1966





OWOLOTPctCWCLCTPct
USC Southern California Trojans740.636410.800
UCLA California-Los Angeles Bruins910.900310.750
Oregon State Beavers730.700310.750
Washington Huskies640.600430.571
California Golden Bears370.300230.500
Stanford Cardinal550.500140.200
Oregon Ducks370.300130.250
Washington State Cougars370.300130.250
Athletic Association of Western Universities Standings 1966 [Ref: 8]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Southern California Trojans in 1966. [2] Note: OW=Overall Wins, OL= Overall Losses, OT=Overall Ties, CW=Conference Wins (AAWU), CL=Conference Losses (AAWU), CT=Conference Ties (AAWU)





AAWU (College) 1967





OWOLOTPctCWCLCTPct
USC Southern California Trojans1010.909610.857
Oregon State Beavers721.750411.750
UCLA California-Los Angeles Bruins721.750411.750
California Golden Bears550.500230.400
Stanford Cardinal550.500340.429
Washington Huskies550.500340.429
Oregon Ducks280.200150.167
Washington State Cougars280.200150.167
Athletic Association of Western Universities Standings 1967 [Ref: 9]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Southern California Trojans in 1967. [2] Note: OW=Overall Wins, OL= Overall Losses, OT=Overall Ties, CW=Conference Wins (AAWU), CL=Conference Losses (AAWU), CT=Conference Ties (AAWU)





NFL & AFL 1968





PWLTPFPAPct
NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE
Eastern Conference Capitol Division
*Dallas Cowboys141220431186.857
New York Giants14770294325.500
Washington Redskins14590249358.357
Philadelphia Eagles142120202351.143
Eastern Conference Century Division
*Cleveland Browns141040394273.714
St. Louis Cardinals14941325289.692
New Orleans Saints14491246327.308
Pittsburgh Steelers142111244397.154
Western Conference Coastal Division
*Baltimore Colts141310402144.929
Los Angeles Rams141031312200.769
San Francisco 49ers14761303310.538
Atlanta Falcons142120170389.143
Western Conference Central Division
*Minnesota Vikings14860282242.571
Chicago Bears14770250233.500
Green Bay Packers14671281227.462
Detroit Lions14482207241.333
AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE
Eastern Division
*New York Jets141130419280.786
Houston Oilers14770303248.500
Miami Dolphins14581276355.385
Boston Patriots144100229406.286
Buffalo Bills141121199367.077
Western Division
*Oakland Raiders141220453233.857
*Kansas City Chiefs141220371170.857
San Diego Chargers14950382310.643
Denver Broncos14590255404.357
Cincinnati Bengals143110215329.214
National Football League and American Football League Standings 1968 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
NFL Conference Championships
1968Cleveland Browns31Dallas Cowboys0
1968Baltimore Colts24Minnesota Vikings14
NFL Championship
1968Cleveland Browns0Baltimore Colts34
AFL Western Division Playoff
1968Oakland Raiders41Kansas City Chiefs6
AFL Championship
1968New York Jets27Oakland Raiders23
Super Bowl IIIOrange Bowl, Miami, Florida
1968New York Jets (AFL)16Baltimore Colts (NFL)7
National Football League and American Football League Playoffs 1968 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1968. [2]





NFL & AFL 1969





PWLTPFPAPct
NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE
Eastern Conference Capitol Division
*Dallas Cowboys141121369223.846
Washington Redskins14752307319.583
New Orleans Saints14590311393.357
Philadelphia Eagles14491279377.308
Eastern Conference Century Division
*Cleveland Browns141031351300.769
New York Giants14680264298.429
St. Louis Cardinals14491314389.308
Pittsburgh Steelers141130218404.071
Western Conference Coastal Division
*Los Angeles Rams141130320243.786
Baltimore Colts14851279268.615
Atlanta Falcons14680276268.429
San Francisco 49ers14482277319.333
Western Conference Central Division
*Minnesota Vikings141220379133.857
Detroit Lions14941259188.692
Green Bay Packers14860269221.571
Chicago Bears141130210339.071
AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE
Eastern Division
*New York Jets141040353269.714
Houston Oilers14662278279.500
Boston Patriots144100266316.286
Buffalo Bills144100230359.286
Miami Dolphins143101233332.231
Western Division
*Oakland Raiders141211371242.923
Kansas City Chiefs141130359177.786
San Diego Chargers14860268276.571
Denver Broncos14581297344.385
Cincinnati Bengals14491280367.308
National Football League and American Football League Standings 1969 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
NFL Conference Championships
1969Dallas Cowboys14Cleveland Browns38
1969Minnesota Vikings23Los Angeles Rams20
NFL Championship
1969Minnesota Vikings27Cleveland Browns7
AFL Divisional Playoffs
1969New York Jets6Kansas City Chiefs13
1969Oakland Raiders56Houston Oilers7
AFL Championship
1969Oakland Raiders7Kansas City Chiefs17
Super Bowl IVTulane Stadium, New Orleans, La.
1969Kansas City Chiefs (AFL)23Minnesota Vikings (NFL)7
National Football League and American Football League Playoffs 1969 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1969. [2]





NFL 1970





PWLTPFPAPct
AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
AFC Eastern Division
*Baltimore Colts141121321234.846
*Miami Dolphins141040297228.714
New York Jets144100255286.286
Buffalo Bills143101204337.231
Boston Patriots142120149361.143
AFC Central Division
*Cincinnati Bengals14860312255.571
Cleveland Browns14770286265.500
Pittsburgh Steelers14590210272.357
Houston Oilers143101217352.231
AFC Western Division
*Oakland Raiders14842300293.667
Kansas City Chiefs14752272244.583
San Diego Chargers 14563282278.455
Denver Broncos14591253264.385
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC Eastern Division
*Dallas Cowboys141040299271.714
New York Giants14950301270.643
St. Louis Cardinals14851325228.615
Washington Redskins14680297314.429
Philadelphia Eagles143101241332.231
NFC Central Division
*Minnesota Vikings141220335143.857
*Detroit Lions141040347202.714
Green Bay Packers14680196293.429
Chicago Bears14680256261.429
NFC Western Division
*San Francisco 49ers141031352267.769
Los Angeles Rams14941325202.692
Atlanta Falcons14482206261.333
New Orleans Saints142111172347.154
National Football League Standings 1970 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
AFC Divisional Playoffs
1970Baltimore Colts17Cincinnati Bengals0
1970Oakland Raiders21Miami Dolphins14
AFC Championship
1970Baltimore Colts27Oakland Raiders17
NFC Divisional Playoffs
1970Dallas Cowboys5Detroit Lions0
1970Minnesota Vikings14San Francisco 49ers17
NFC Championship
1970San Francisco 49ers10Dallas Cowboys17
Super Bowl VOrange Bowl, Miami, Florida
1970Baltimore Colts (AFC)16Dallas Cowboys (NFC)13
National Football League Playoffs 1970 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1970. [2]





NFL 1971





PWL`TPFPAPct
AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
AFC Eastern Division
*Miami Dolphins141031315174.769
*Baltimore Colts141040313140.714
New England Patriots14680238325.429
New York Jets14680212299.429
Buffalo Bills141130184394.071
AFC Central Division
*Cleveland Browns14950285273.643
Pittsburgh Steelers14680246292.429
Houston Oilers14491251330.308
Cleveland Browns144100284265.286
AFC Western Division
*Kansas City Chiefs141031302208.789
Oakland Raiders14842344278.667
San Diego Chargers14680311341.429
Denver Broncos14491203275.308
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC Eastern Division
*Dallas Cowboys141130406222.786
*Washington Redskins14941276190.692
Philadelphia Eagles14671221302.462
St. Louis Cardinals14491231279.308
New York Giants144100228362.286
NFC Central Division
*Minnesota Vikings141130245139.786
Detroit Lions14761341286.538
Chicago Bears14680185276.429
Green Bay Packers14482274298.333
NFC Western Division
*San Francisco 49ers14950300216.643
Los Angeles Rams14851313260.615
Atlanta Falcons14761274277.538
New Orleans Saints14482266347.333
National Football League Standings 1971 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1971. [2]





NFL 1972





PWLTPFPAPct
AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
AFC Eastern Division
*Miami Dolphins1414003851711.000
New York Jets14770367324.500
Baltimore Colts14590235252.357
Buffalo Bills14491257377.321
New England Patriots143110192446.214
AFC Central Division
*Pittsburgh Steelers141130343175.786
*Cleveland Browns141040268249.714
Cincinnati Bengals14860299229.571
Houston Oilers141130164380.071
AFC Western Division
*Oakland Raiders141031365248.750
Kansas City Chiefs14860287254.571
Denver Broncos14590325350.357
San Diego Chargers14491264344.321
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC Eastern Division
*Washington Redskins141130336218.786
*Dallas Cowboys141040319240.714
New York Giants14860331247.571
St. Louis Cardinals14491193303.321
Philadelphia Eagles142111145352.179
NFC Central Division
*Green Bay Packers141040304226.714
Detroit Lions14851339290.607
Minnesota Vikings14770301252.500
Chicago Bears14491225275.321
NFC Western Division
*San Francisco 49ers14851353249.607
Atlanta Falcons14770269274.500
Los Angeles Rams14671291286.464
New Orleans Saints142111215361.179
National Football League Standings 1972 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
AFC Divisional Playoffs
1972Pittsburgh Steelers13Oakland Raiders7
1972Miami Dolphins20Cleveland Browns14
AFC Championship
1972Pittsburgh Steelers17Miami Dolphins21
NFC Divisional Playoffs
1972San Francisco 49ers28Dallas Cowboys30
1972Washington Redskins16Green Bay Packers3
NFC Championship
1972Washington Redskins26Dallas Cowboys3
Super Bowl VIIMemorial Colisseum, LA, Ca.
1972Miami Dolphins (AFC)14Washington Redskins7
National Football League Playoffs 1972 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Philadelphia Eagles and Detroit Lions in 1972. [2]





NFL 1973





PWLTPFPAPct
AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
AFC Eastern Division
*Miami Dolphins141220343150.857
Buffalo Bills14950259230.643
New England Patriots14590258300.357
New York Jets144100240306.286
Baltimore Colts144100226341.286
AFC Central Division
*Cincinnati Bengals141040286231.714
*Pittsburgh Steelers141040347210.714
Cleveland Browns14752234255.571
Houston Oilers141130199447.071
AFC Western Division
*Oakland Raiders14941292175.679
Kansas City Chiefs14752231192.571
Denver Broncos14752354296.571
San Diego Chargers142111188386.179
NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC Eastern Division
*Dallas Cowboys141040382203.714
*Washington Redskins141040325198.714
Philadelphia Eagles14581310393.393
St. Louis Cardinals14491286365.321
New York Giants142111226362.179
NFC Central Division
*Minnesota Vikings141220296168.857
Detroit Lions14671271247.464
Green Bay Packers14572202259.429
Chicago Bears143110195334.214
NFC Western Division
*Los Angeles Rams141220388178.857
Atlanta Falcons14950318224.643
San Francisco 49ers14590262319.357
New Orleans Saints14590163312.357
National Football League Standings 1973 [Ref: 1]





DateHome TeamAway Team
AFC Divisional Playoffs
1973Oakland Raiders33Pittsburgh Steelers14
1973Miani Dolphins34Cincinnati Bengals16
AFC Championship
1973Miami Dolphins27Oakland Raiders10
NFC Divisional Playoffs
1973Minnesota Vikings27Washington Redskins20
1973Dallas Cowboys27Los Angeles Rams16
NFC Championship
1973Dallas Cowboys10Minnesota Vikings27
Super Bowl VIIIRice Stadium, Houston, Texas
1973Miami (AFC)24Minnesota Vikings (NFC)7
National Football League Playoffs 1973 [Ref: 1]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Chicago Bears in 1973. [2]





WFL 1974





 PWLTPFPAPct
Eastern Division       
*Florida Blazers201460419280.700
Charlotte Hornets2010100467350.500
*Philadelphia Bell209110493413.450
Jacksonville Sharks144100258358.286
Central Division       
*Memphis Southmen201730629365.850
*Birmingham Americans201550503394.750
Chicago Fire207130446622.350
Detroit Wheels141130209358.071
Western Division       
*Southern California Sun201370486622.350
*The Hawaiians209110413425.450
Portland Storm207121204426.375
Shreveport Steamer207121240415.375
World Football League Standings 1974 [Ref: 2]





 





First Round Playoffs   
Florida Blazers18Philadelphia Bell3
Honolulu Hawaiians32Southern California Sun14
Semi-Finals   
Florida Blazers18Memphis Southmen15
Birmingham Americans22Honolulu Hawaiians19
World Bowl 74   
Birmingham Americans22Florida Blazers21





 References: [1]





 Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Hawaiians in 1974. [2]





WFL 1975





 PWLTPFPAPct
Eastern Division       
Birmingham Vulcans12930257186.750
Memphis Southmen11740254206.636
Charlotte Hornets11650225199.545
Jacksonville Express11650227247.545
Philadelphia Bell11470195237.364
Western Division       
Southern California Sun12750354341.583
San Antonio Wings13760364268.538
Shreveport Steamer12570276313.417
The Hawaiians11470213269.364
Portland Thunder11470210281.364
Chicago Winds514067125.200
World Football League Standings 1975 [Ref: 2]





Adrian Young, LB, who was born in Dublin, Ireland, played Linebacker for the Hawaiians in 1975. [3]





Adrian Young (35) Philadelphia Eagles v NY Giants Preseason 1971 [Ref: 7]





References





Bibliography





[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings 1968-1973” 2014 NFL Record & Fact Book.  pp. 393-395.





Websites





[2] Bob Braunwart, The Coffin Corner, Pro Football Researchers Association (1988) WFL by Team Records [Internet] Available from: http://profootballresearchers.com/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/10-03-337.pdf     [Accessed 9 October 2018]





[3] Pro Football Archives (2019) Adrian Young [Internet] Available from:  https://www.profootballarchives.com/playery/youn00400.html  [Accessed 12 October 2019] 





[4] O’Callaghan, Eoin (2020) “Hollywood, the NFL and OJ – the remarkable tale of the Dublin kid who lived the American dream” The 42 Sunday, February 2, 2020. [Internet] Available from: https://www.the42.ie/adrian-young-nfl-4987121-Feb2020/ [Accessed 5 February 2020] 





[5] Pro Football Archives (12020)ADRIAN YOUNG [Internet] Available from:http://www.profootballarchives.com/playery/youn00400.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]





[6] Sports Reference (2020) 1964 College Football Standings [Internet] Available from: https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/years/1964-standings.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[7] Sports Reference (2020) 1965 College Football Standings [Internet] Available from: https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/years/1965-standings.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[8] Sports Reference (2020) 1966 College Football Standings [Internet] Available from: https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/years/1966-standings.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[9] Sports Reference (2020) 1967 College Football Standings [Internet] Available from: https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/years/1967-standings.html [Accessed 2 April 2020]





Images





[10] NASL Jersey (2016) Adrian Young, Philadelphia Eagles 1972 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nasljerseys.com/images/2016/Eagles%2072%20Home%20Adrian%20Young,%20Topps%202.jpg [Accessed 2 April 2020]





[11] NASL Jersey (2016) Adrian Young in action for the Philadelphia Eagles a versus the New York Giants Preseason 1971 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nasljerseys.com/images/2013Images/2013WFL/NFL/Eagles%2070%20Road%20Back%20Nate%20Ramsey%20(24),%20Adrian%20Young%20(35),%20Giants.jpg [Accessed 9 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Tim Leadingham





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 9 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and World Gridiron Archive 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Resereved.


					


					
				



				
					


	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Baltic Cup (Soccer) 1992
		


		

			

Baltic Cup Logo [Ref: 2]





Final Standings





PWDLFAPts
Lithuania (C)2110433
Latvia2101442
Estonia2011231
Baltic Cup (Soccer) Final standings 1992 [Ref: Compiled from Results in: 1]





Results





DateHome TeamAway Team
15.07.1992Latvia2Estonia1
16.07.1992Lithuania1Estonia1
17.07.1992Latvia2Lithuania3
Baltic Cup (Soccer) Results 1992 [Ref: 1]





Box-Scores





WEDNESDAY, JULY 15 1992 – Liepaja, Latvia





Latvia 3 (Skltik 27, Linard 45)





Estonia 1 (Olumets 65)





HT: 2-0 ATT: 5,000





THURSDAY, JULY 16 1992 – Liepaja, Latvia





Lithuania 1 (Apanovics 30)





Estonia 1 (Olumets 64)





HT: 1-0 Att: 3,500





FRIDAY, JULY 17 1992 – Liepaja, Latvia





Latvia 2





Lithuania 3





Att: 7,000





Report





The 1992 Baltic Cup was won by Lithuania, after they drew with Estonia 1-1 and beat Latvia 3-2. It was held over three days in Liepaja, Latvia.





About





The Baltic Cup was an International Men’s Soccer Tournament held annually in one of the three Baltic Nations, after independence from the USSR. 





References





Magazines





[1] Anon. (1992) “INTERNATIONAL RESULTS” World Soccer. October 1992, pg. 59.





Images





[2] Wikipedia (2020) Baltic Cup Logo [Internet] Available from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/60/Baltic_Cup_logo.png [Accessed 1 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Rory Naughton, Cathal Gallagher.





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 1 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.


					


			



				
					


	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
US Cup (Soccer) ’92
		


		

			

United States Soccer Federation Logo 1992-2001 [Ref: 2]





Final Standings





PWDLFAPts
*United States of America3210525
Italy3120314
Rep. of Ireland3102353
Portugal3012031
US Cup ’92 Final Standings [Ref: 1]





Results





DateHome TeamAway Team
1992USA3Rep. of Ireland1
1992Italy0Portugal0
1992USA1Portugal0
1992Italy2Rep. of Ireland0
1992USA1Italy1
1992Rep. of Ireland2Portugal0
US Cup ’92 Results [Ref: 1]





Report





United States of America won the US Cup ’92 on home soil, beating Republic of Ireland 3-1 and Portugal 1-0, before drawing with Italy 1-1. Republic of Ireland finished in third place in the tournament, losing 2-0 to Italy in their second game, before avoiding the wooden spoon by beating Portugal 2-0





About





The US Cup was a prestigious Men’s International Soccer Tournament held in various cities in the United States of America, in the years leading up to World Cup USA ’94.





References





Newspapers





[1] Radnedge, Kier (1992) “US Cup ’92” World Soccer. September 1992. pg. 14





Images





[2] Fandom Logos (1992) US Soccer Logo 1992-2001 [Internet] Available from: https://vignette.wikia.nocookie.net/logopedia/images/1/1d/United_States_Soccer_Federation_logo_%281990-2001%29.svg/revision/latest/scale-to-width-down/200?cb=20130418193625 [Accessed 1 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Rory Naughton, Cathal Gallagher.





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 1 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.


					


			



				
					


			
					
	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive 2004-2008
		


		

			

Netball Dublin Logo [Ref: 9]





ND Southside Competitive Summer 2004





PWLPts
*Hot Totties1813565
*The B 52s1812660
*Noble Netballers1811755
*Perky Nanas1811755
Guiness Group1811751
Setanta1841420
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Summer 2004 [Ref: 1]





Note: * Qualify for Semi-Finals.





ND Southside Competitive Winter 2004-05





PWLPts
Allstars33015
Noble Netballers32110
Hooplas32110
Craic Heads32110
Power Puffs32110
The Playpuses3125
Cheeky Monkeys3030
Southside Sharks3030
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Winter 2004-05 [Ref: 2]





Note:  After 3 Weeks.





ND Southside Competitive Summer 2005





PWDLBPPts
Fire Crackers5400120
Hot Custard5301116
Noble Netballers5300215
Space Invaders5202112
Craic Heads5201211
Hooplas510318
Twisters510227
Cobras500232
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Summer 2005 [Ref: 3]





Note:  After 5 Weeks





ND Southside Competitive Summer 2006





PWDLBPPts
Fire Crackers4400020
B 55s4400020
Hot Netballers4202012
Last Minute410217
Leopards410217
Hooplas400131
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Summer 2006 [Ref: 4]





Note: After 4 Weeks.





ND Southside Competitive Winter 2006-07





PWDLBPPts
Southsiders6501126
Hot Netballers8431026
The Dolls5401222
Hooplas6213316
Allstars7214316
Paddy Whacks710616
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Winter 2006-07 [Ref: 5]





Note:  After 8 Weeks





ND Southside Competitive Summer 2007





PWDLBPPts
Paddy Whacks10811144
Southern Comfort10712240
Southsiders10703338
The Swans10325526
Anzac +1100023
Newbies +0000018
The Dolls10208015
Getnvolved10109510
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Summer 2007 [Ref: 6]





Note:  After 10 Weeks. + Joined Week 10 (18 Average Points)





ND Southside Competitive Summer 2008





PWDLBPPts
Southern Comfort9801141
Paddy Whacks9702237
Bankin On It9513230
Sticky Fingers9405222
Getnvolved8305318
Semi Pros8305318
Nets R Us9315316
Liffey United8107510
Netball Dublin Southside Competitive Summer 2008 [Ref: 7]





Note: After 9 weeks.





Scoring





ResultPoints
Win5
Draw3
Loss0
Loss within Half the Score1 Bonus Point
Default (Less than 3 Players)0
Default (No Players)-5
Netball Dublin Scoring [Ref: 8]





Report





Hot Totties (2004), Allstars (2004-05),  Fire Crackers (2005 and 2006), Southsiders (2006-07), Paddy Whacks (2007) and Southern Comfort (2008) were the top teams in the Netball Dublin Southside League from 2004 to 2008.





About





Netball Dublin was an Independent Mixed Netball Association (and Indoor Football), that ran Mixed 6-a-side and 7-a-side Netball in the Northside and Southside of Dublin. It catered mainly for Australian, New Zealander, and South African immigrants, whilst also catering for Irish players. It was not connected to Netball Ireland. It ran from 2003 to 2008 (possibly a couple of years earlier and later as well), running Summer & Winter Leagues, and was replaced by Dublin Indoor Sports. It had two facilities, in Rathmines (Southside) and St. Paul’s Secondary School, Stoneybatter (Northside), where all matches were held for either the Northside Leagues or Southside Leagues.





The Leagues were graded from Competitive to Intermediate A & B and Beginners, with each Grade played on a specific day of the week, Southside Competitive being played on Tuesdays.  





References





Internet Archive





[1] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20041021171641/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/SouthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[2] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20041206065813/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/SouthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[3] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points Southside Netball [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20051219232613/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/SouthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[4] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points Southside Netball  [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20060514192554/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/SouthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[5] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2006) Southside Netball [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20061221130723/http://www.netballdublin.com/snetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[6] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2007) Southside Netball [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20070705182545/http://www.netballdublin.com/snetball.htm  [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[7] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2008) Tuesday Southside Netball [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20080705164624/http://www.netballdublin.com/snetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[8] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2009) Scoring [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20090504094139/http://www.netballdublin.com/snetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





Images





[9] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2008) logo [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20080828190848im_/http://www.netballdublin.com/sitegraphics/logo.jpg [Accessed 1 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Ruth Foy & Caoimhe Foy





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 1 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.


					


			



				
					


	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Netball Dublin Northside Competitive 2003-2008
		


		

			

Netball Dublin Logo [Ref: 12]





ND Northside Summer League 2003





PWDLPts
*Ex-Pats +1
*Marmighty
*Dublin Delights
*Langers on Tour
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2003 [Ref: 1]





Note: * Semi-Finalists





ND Northside Winter League 2003-04





PWDLPts
Shits & Giggles1080240
Champagne Netball1071238
Hard Yacka1071238
Espana1030715
The Mongrels1020810
Marmighty1020810
Netball Dublin Northside Winter League 2003-04 [Ref: 1]





ND Northside Summer League 2004





PWDLPts
Shhh & Giggles770035
Buddies 2B740325
5L’s740320
Cappucino730415
Xtra A’s720510
Kinky Sods720510
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2004 [Ref: 3]





Note:  After 7 of 10 Weeks.





ND Northside Winter League 2004-05





PWDLPts
5L’s970235
Drunken Skunks970235
Buddies 2B960330
Shhh & Giggles950425
Cappucino920710
Marmighty90090
Netball Dublin Northside Winter League 2004-05 [Ref: 4]





Note: After 9 of 10 Weeks





ND Northside Summer League 2005





PWDLPts
Drunken Skunks440020
5L’s430115
Buddies 2B430115
Marmighty420210
Marmalades520310
Cappucino41035
Carnage41035
Shhh & Giggles51045
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2005 [Ref: 5]





Note: After 4 Weeks





ND Northside Autumn League 2005





PWDLPts
*Buddies 2B
Netball Dublin Northside Auttumn League 2005 [Ref: 6]





Note:  * Winners





ND Northside Winter League 2005-06





PWLBPPts
Buddies 2B761131
5L’s743323
Manor Street Preachers734217
Marmighty716510
Netball Dublin Northside Winter League 2005-06 [Ref: 7]





Note: Winners: Buddies 2B; Runners-Up: 5L’s





ND Northside Summer League 2006





PWLBPPts
Buddies 2B550025
5L’s541121
Hard Yakka431116
Marmighty41338
Nicky’s Team51438
B Ballers41327
Extras31216
Car Reg31205
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2006 [Ref: 8]





Note: After 4 Weeks





ND Northside Winter League 2006-07





PWDLBPPts
5L’s9801141
Buddies 2B9801040
Extras9504128
Irish Rovers9405323
Marmighty8305320
Car Reg900912
Netball Dublin Northside Winter League 2006-07 [Ref: 9]





Note:  After 9 of 21 Weeks





ND Northside Summer League 2008





PWDLBPPts
*Funky Jumpers12912250
*Buddies 2B13805444
*Team Gorgeous + Bryce12732142
*St. Joe’s12624440
Hylanders12309520
Extras1200111010
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2008 [Ref: 10]





DateHome TeamAway Team
Semi-Finals
2008Funky JumpersSt. Joe’s
2008Buddies 2BTeam Gorgeous + Bryce
Final
2008
Netball Dublin Northside Summer League 2008 Playoffs [Ref: ]





Report





Shhh & Giggles were the best team in the earlier Leagues (2003 to 2004), and then it was Drunken Skunks, Buddies 2B and 5L’s for the 2004-05 to 2006 Leagues, with Funky Jumpers top of the table in 2008.





About





Netball Dublin was an Independent Mixed Netball Association (and Indoor Football), that ran Mixed 6-a-side and 7-a-side Netball in the Northside and Southside of Dublin. It catered mainly for Australian, New Zealander, and South African immigrants, whilst also catering for Irish players. It was not connected to Netball Ireland. It ran from 2003 to 2008 (possibly a couple of years earlier and later as well), running Summer & Winter Leagues, and was replaced by Dublin Indoor Sports. It had two facilities, in Rathmines (Southside) and St. Paul’s Secondary School, Stoneybatter (Northside), where all matches were held for either the Northside Leagues or Southside Leagues.





The Leagues were graded from Competitive to Intermediate A & B and Beginners, with each Grade played on a specific day of the week, Northside Competitive being played on Thursdays.  





References





Internet Archive





[1] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2003) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20031004203701/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/Points.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[2] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20040405004002/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/Points.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[3] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20040907013555/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/North.htm[Accessed 29 August 2017]





[4] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2004) Points Netball Northside [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20041206064830/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/NorthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[5] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2005) Points Netball Northside [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20050220203837/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/NorthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[6] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2005) Points Netball Northside [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20051219221822/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/NorthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[7] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2005) Points [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20051018152015/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/Points.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[8] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2006) Points Netball Northside [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20060514192518/http://www.netballdublin.com/Points/NorthNetball.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[9] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2006) Northside Netball – Thursday [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20061228204705/http://www.netballdublin.com/nnetball4.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





[10] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2008) Northside Netball – Thursday [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20080828190848/http://www.netballdublin.com/nnetball4.htm [Accessed 29 August 2017]





Images





[12] Netball Dublin | Internet Archive (2008) logo [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20080828190848im_/http://www.netballdublin.com/sitegraphics/logo.jpg [Accessed 1 April 2020]





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Ruth Foy & Caoimhe Foy





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 1 April 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.


					


			



				
					


	
	

		

							

																			

						
			
Canadian Football League 2020
		


		

			

Flag Map of Canada
Canada Map Flag. Map of Canada with the Canadian national flag isolated on white background. Vector Illustration.





Scoreboard





Standings





PWLTPFPAPts
West Division
British Columbia Lions
Calgary Stampeders
Edmonton Eskimoes
Saskatchewan Roughriders
Winnipeg Blue Bombers
East Division
Hamilton Tiger-Cats
Toronto Argonauts
Ottawa REDBLACKS
Montreal Alouettes
Canadian Football League Standings 2020 [Ref: 2]





Playoff Results





DateHome TeamAway Team
Eastern Semi-Final
08.11.2020Eastern #2Eastern #3
Western Semi-Final
08.11.2020Western #2Western #3
Eastern Final
15.11.2020Eastern #1Eastern SF Winner
Western Semi-Final
15.11.2020Western #1Western SF Winner
108th Grey Cup
22.11.2020Eastern F WinnerWestern F Winner
Canadian Football League Playoffs 2020 [Ref: 3]





Regular Season Results





DateHome TeamAway Team
Week 1
12.06.2020Edmonton EskimoesBritish Columbia Lions
13.06.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSToronto Argonauts
13.06.2020Calgary StampedersMontreal Alouettes
14.06.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsWinnipeg Blue Bombers
Week 2
19.06.2020Calgary StampedersBritish Columbia Lions
20.06.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersMontreal Alouettes
21.06.2020Toronto ArgonautsHamilton Tiger-Cats
21.06.2020Edmonton EskimoesOttawa REDBLACKS
Week 3
26.06.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsSaskatchewan Roughriders
27.06.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersCalgary Stampeders
28.06.2020British Columbia LionsEdmonton Eskimoes
Week 4
03.07.2020Montreal AlouettesOttawa REDBLACKS
04.07.2020Edmonton EskimoesWinnipeg Blue Bombers
05.07.2020Toronto ArgonautsCalgary Stampeders
05.07.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersBritish Columbia Lions
Week 5
10.07.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersMontreal Alouettes
11.07.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsCalgary Stampeders
12.07.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersToronto Argonauts
12.07.2020British Columbia LionsOttawa REDBLACKS
Week 6
17.07.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersBritish Columbia Lions
18.07.2020Montreal AlouettesCalgary Stampeders
18.07.2020Edmonton EskimoesToronto Argonauts
19.07.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSHamilton Tiger-Cats
Week 7
24.07.2020British Columbia LionsMontreal Alouettes
25.07.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSEdmonton Eskimoes
25.07.2020Toronto ArgonautsSaskatchewan Roughriders
26.07.2020Calgary StampedersHamilton Tiger-Cats
Week 8
31.07.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersOttawa REDBLACKS
01.08.2020Toronto ArgonautsWinnipeg Blue Bombers
01.08.2020Edmonton EskimoesHamilton Tiger-Cats
02.08.2020Montreal AlouettesBritish Columbia Lions
Week 9
07.08.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSWinnipeg Blue Bombers
08.08.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsMontreal Alouettes
09.08.2020Calgary StampedersToronto Argonauts
09.08.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersBritish Columbia Lions
Week 10
14.08.2020Montreal AlouettesSaskatchewan Roughriders
15.08.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersEdmonton Eskimoes
16.08.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsOttawa REDBLACKS
16.08.2020British Columbia LionsCalgary Stampeders
Week 11
21.08.2020Calgary StampedersWinnipeg Blue Bombers
22.08.2020Montreal AlouettesOttawa REDBLACKS
22.08.2020Toronto ArgonautsHamilton Tiger-Cats
23.08.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersEdmonton Eskimoes
Week 12
28.08.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersOttawa REDBLACKS
29.08.2020Toronto ArgonautsMontreal Alouettes
29.08.2020British Columbia LionsHamilton Tiger-Cats
30.08.2020Edmonton EskimoesSaskatchewan Roughriders
Week 13
04.09.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSBritish Columbia Lions
07.09.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersWinnipeg Blue Bombers
07.09.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsToronto Argonauts
07.09.2020Calgary StampedersEdmonton Eskimoes
Week 14
12.09.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSMontreal Alouettes
12.09.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersSaskatchewan Roughriders
13.09.2020Edmonton EskimoesCalgary Stampeders
13.09.2020British Columbia LionsToronto Argonauts
Week 15
19.09.2020Montreal AlouettesEdmonton Eskimoes
19.09.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersCalgary Stampeders
19.09.2020Toronto ArgonautsOttawa REDBLACKS
20.09.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersHamilton Tiger-Cats
Week 16
26.09.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsMontreal Alouettes
26.09.2020Calgary StampedersWinnipeg Blue Bombers
27.09.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSToronto Argonauts
27.09.2020British Columbia LionsSaskatchewan Roughriders
Week 17
03.10.2020Toronto ArgonautsBritish Columbia Lions
03.10.2020Montreal AlouettesHamilton Tiger-Cats
04.10.2020Edmonton EskimoesSaskatchewan Roughriders
Week 18
10.10.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersEdmonton Eskimoes
10.10.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSSaskatchewan Roughriders
11.10.2020British Columbia LionsCalgary Stampeders
12.10.2020Montreal AlouettesToronto Argonauts
Week 19
17.10.2020Calgary StampedersOttawa REDBLACKS
17.10.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsEdmonton Eskimoes
18.10.2020Winnipeg Blue BombersToronto Argonauts
Week 20
24.10.2020Ottawa REDBLACKSCalgary Stampeders
24.10.2020British Columbia LionsWinnipeg Blue Bombers
24.10.2020Edmonton EskimoesMontreal Alouettes
25.10.2020Saskatchewan RoughridersHamilton Tiger-Cats
Week 21
30.10.2020Hamilton Tiger-CatsBritish Columbia Lions
31.10.2020Calgary StampedersSaskatchewan Roughriders
31.10.2020Toronto ArgonautsEdmonton Eskimoes
31.10.2020Montreal AlouettesWinnipeg Blue Bombers
Canadian Football League Regular Season Schedule 2020 [Ref: 3]





References





Images





[1] Canadian Football League (2019) CFL Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/wp-content/themes/cfl.ca/images/og-image-default.jpg?_t=201902271522 [Accessed 20 May 2019]





Websites





[2] Canadian Football League (2020) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/standings/?season=2020 [Accessed 31 March 2020]





[3] Canadian Football League (2020) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/schedule/ [Accessed 31 March 2020]





About Eirball 





Acknowledgements





Thanks to Robert Burns, Steve Hearn, Anton Pippo O’Grady, John Wills, John Morahan & John Kane.





About this document





Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the





Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive





Last Updated: 8 July 2025. First Published: 31 March 2020





(c) Copyright Enda Mulcahy and Eirball 2020





You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved.