Category: American Football Timelines

March 16, 2022October 29, 2023

Major Professional Football League Teams (LFA, CFL, NFC, AFC, ELF, WNFC) 1896-2022

CFL Canadian Football League Teams 1873-2021

Pos	Team	Year
1	Toronto Argonauts	1873
2	Edmonton Eskimos	1910
3	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	1936
4	Calgary Stampeders	1945
5	Montreal Alouettes	1946
6	Saskatchewan Roughriders	1947
7	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	1950
8	British Columbia Lions	1953
9	Ottawa REDBLACKS	2014

NFL National Football League Original 12 Teams 1896-1953

Pos	Team	Year
1	Arizona Cardinals	1896
2	Green Bay Packers	1919
3	Chicago Bears	1922
4	New York Giants	1924
5	Detroit Lions	1929
6	Washington Redskins	1932
7	Pittsburgh Steelers	1933
8	Philadelphia Eagles	1933
9	Los Angeles Rams	1935
10	Cleveland Browns	1946
11	San Francisco 49ers	1946
12	Indianapolis Colts	1953

AFL American Football League Expansion Era Teams 1960

Pos	Team	Year
1	Kansas City Chiefs	1960
2	Denver Broncos	1960
3	Houston Oilers	1960
4	Los Angeles Chargers	1960
5	New York Jets	1960
6	Buffalo Bills	1960
7	New England Patriots	1960
8	Minnesota Vikings	1960
9	Dallas Cowboys	1960
10	Oakland Raiders	1960

NFL National Football League Southern Expansion Era 1966-2002

Pos	Team	Year
1	Atlanta Falcons	1966
2	Miami Dolphins	1967
3	New Orleans Saints	1967
4	Cincinnati Bengals	1969
5	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	1976
6	Seattle Seahawks	1976
7	Carolina Panthers	1995
8	Jacksonville Jaguars	1995
9	Baltimore Ravens	1996
10	Tennessee Titans	1998
11	Houston Texans	2002
12	Las Vegas Raiders	2021

LFA Liga de Futbol Americano Teams 2016-2022

Pos	Team	Year
1	Mexicas CDMX	2016
2	Condors CDMX	2016
3	Mayas	2016
4	Raptors Edomex	2016
5	Dinos Saltillo	2017
6	Fundidores Nuevo León	2017
7	Artilleros Puebla	2018
8	Osos Toluca	2018
9	Galgos Tijuana	2022
10	Reyes Jalisco	2022
11	Gallos Negros Querétaro	2022

WNFC Women's National Football Conference Teams 2021-2022

Pos	Team	Year
1	Alabama Fire	2019
2	Atlanta Phoenix	2019
3	Denver Bandits	2019
4	Houston Heat	2019
5	Las Vegas Silver Stars	2019
6	Los Angeles Legends	2019
7	Phoenix Prowlers	2019
8	San Diego Rebellion	2019
9	Seattle Majestic	2019
10	Texas Elite Spartans	2019
11	Utah Falconz	2019
12	Washington Prodigy	2019
13	Florida Avengers	2020
14	Kansas City Glory	2020
15	Mississippi Panthers	2020
16	Oregon Ravens	2020
17	Philadelphia Phantomz	2020

ELF European League of Football Teams 2021-2022

Pos	Team	Year
1	Barcelona Dragons	2021
2	Berlin Thunder	2021
3	Cologne Centurions	2021
4	Frankfurt Galaxy	2021
5	Hamburg Sea Devils	2021
6	Leipzig Kings	2021
7	Panthers Wroclaw	2021
8	Stuttgart Surge	2021
9	Vienna Vikings	2022
10	Istanbul Rams	2022
11	Raiders Tirol	2022
12	Rhein Fire	2022

Professional Football Team Renaming Era Teams 2021-2022

Pos	Team	Year
1	Edmonton Elks	2021
2	Washington Commanders	2022

About

List of Major Professional American Football Teams 2022 by League and Era: CFL Canada, NFL National Original 12, AFL American 1960, NFL Southern Expansion 1966-2002, LFA Mexico, WNFC Women’s National Football Conference, ELF Europe, Pro Football Renaming Era.

Team USA IFAF Women’s World Cup 2010

**STOCKHOLM – JULY 3: Team USA wins gold in first ever IFAF woman’s tackle football world championship July 3, 2010 in Stockholm, Sweden, Team USA dominates by winning all their games.** Reference: [21]

[21] Image Contributor Greg Perkins (2010) STOCKHOLM – JULY 3: Team USA wins gold in first ever IFAF woman’s tackle football world championship July 3, 2010 in Stockholm, Sweden, Team USA dominates by winning all their games. Item ID: 56511814 [Internet] Available from: https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/stockholm-july-3-team-usa-wins-56511814 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

LFA LOGO REFERENCES

[1] Artilleros LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 3, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/ArtillerosLFA/photos/a.298541940883309/579119006158933/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/73513561_579119012825599_8802706180922146816_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=5nO8n1bZCXsAX9_5Lnj&tn=7uF7rGUPgPXI7zGG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=c6a6d0a303ab49f16b9e426ddf538b25&oe=61C12730 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[14] Condors LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, March 5, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CondorsLFA/photos/a.849000958532449/3650845258347991/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/156170347_3650845261681324_1343936098449651172_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=Off9afsir7EAX-eTVa5&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=f04cd67af1934cde5fc69f4926d00448&oe=61C2AF22 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[15] Dinos LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, February 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DinosLFA/photos/a.1098375663531454/3637578546277807/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/145511336_3637578549611140_188757273752279880_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=gSWRy8aB7dIAX8l8_-A&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=9500539ff6b65410d5e5042bddb44625&oe=61BFF0C5 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[16] Fundidores LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 16, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=284974656970640&set=a.118343776967063 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/256036343_284974650303974_2647505166117146873_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=b-G_cXZObkQAX_tB02t&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=aee3e57bf4fc4eae3a384a9ce5050a0c&oe=61A08B97 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[17] Galgos Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 17, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/galgoslfa/photos/a.108310031666817/112983941199426/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/252761059_112983937866093_8472956443678492315_n.jpg?_nc_cat=105&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=NANmTB6vq5AAX-zWa67&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=b0f23b6874891577c5faf26db30252bf&oe=61A114EC ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[1] Mayas LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, October 25, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/MayasLFA/photos/a.916904715071809/4490334654395446/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/248497239_4490334641062114_2420135574359291948_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=tyzQ2K5mI24AX-IE9d5&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=f2e12ee551f216704032abc0943f123a&oe=61A09048 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[18] Mexicas LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/MexicasLFA/photos/a.1014327461963314/4687022084693815 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/251123045_4687022081360482_3247634362025467080_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=OoUZYU6nZycAX82rjsY&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=ad2fe97e3b32c3ac9dcdb1129875a488&oe=619FAB45 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[1] Osos LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, October 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=251129953689617&set=a.125371869598760 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/243020024_251129950356284_294552196448173790_n.jpg?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=nI9MStm2EZQAX9vtC2f&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=d69c71335d78090b5ef73d3f92b43bcf&oe=61A0E836 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[19] Raptors LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 5, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/RaptorsLFA/photos/a.208212012844821/1597088927290449 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/253731409_1597088923957116_2180559504148918797_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&_nc_rgb565=1&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=yEYkH6g72yYAX-7NLr7&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=9adac1a0cf5bc5cdf94a6e4bb25fce68&oe=61A0089A ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[20] Reyes LFA (2021) Profile Picture, November 19, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/ReyesLFA/photos/a.104544895379393/113206377846578 [Accessed 21 December 2021][Actual Image link available at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/258195584_113206374513245_5663298235135969257_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&_nc_rgb565=1&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=zn-zaWl4W4gAX9YEBZR&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT_lNWqkZvrPIwTDFtz3FinayT6oF9lUkQJxBrNCq-bwzw&oe=61C6A29E [Accessed 21 December 2021]

[21] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2019) LFA 2018 Logo [Internet] Available from: https://i1.wp.com/lfa.mx/2018/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/LFAlogonew.png?fit=734%2C734&ssl=1 %5BAccessed 1 August 2018]

CFL Logo References

[3] Sports Logos (2021) 8827_bc_lions-primary-2016 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/91/full/8827_bc_lions-primary-2016.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[4] Sports Logos (2021) 6644_calgary_stampeders-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/92/full/6644_calgary_stampeders-primary-2019.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[5] Sports Logos (2021) edmonton_elks_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-5957 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/6790/full/edmonton_elks_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-5957.png %5BAccessed 31 July 2021]

[6] Sports Logos (2021) 6261_saskatchewan_roughriders-primary-2016 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/98/full/6261_saskatchewan_roughriders-primary-2016.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[7] Sports Logos (2021) 2517_winnipeg_blue_bombers-primary-2012 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/100/full/2517_winnipeg_blue_bombers-primary-2012.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[8] Sports Logos (2021) 6242 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/94/full/6242.gif [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[9] Sports Logos (2021) 4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/99/full/4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[10] Sports Logos (2021) 9827_ottawa__redblacks-primary-2014 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/5033/full/9827_ottawa__redblacks-primary-2014.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[11] Sports Logos (2021) 5778_montreal_alouettes-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/95/full/5778_montreal_alouettes-primary-2019.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

NFL Logo References

TEAM LOGO REFERENCES

[3] SportsLogos (2021) y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/151/full/y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[4] SportsLogos (2021) n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/149/full/n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[5] SportsLogos (2021) 7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/150/full/7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[6] SportsLogos (2021) 9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/152/full/9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[7] SportsLogos (2021) 5727_washington_football_team-alternate-2020 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/6741/full/5727_washington_football_team-alternate-2020.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[8] SportsLogos (2021) 960 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/167/full/960.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[9] SportsLogos (2021) 406 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/165/full/406.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[10] SportsLogos (2021) 919 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/166/full/919.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[11] SportsLogos (2021) 970 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/156/full/970.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[12] SportsLogos (2021) 318 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/153/full/318.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[13] SportsLogos (2021) 7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/155/full/7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[14] SportsLogos (2021) cincinnati_bengals_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-2049 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/154/full/cincinnati_bengals_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-2049.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[15] SportsLogos (2021) dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/171/full/dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[16] SportsLogos (2021) 364 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/169/full/364.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[17] SportsLogos (2021) 1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/170/full/1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[18] SportsLogos (2021) 2704_minnesota_vikings-primary-20131 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/172/full/2704_minnesota_vikings-primary-20131.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[19] SportsLogos (2021) 593 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/158/full/593.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[20] SportsLogos (2021) 1053 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/160/full/1053.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[21] SportsLogos (2021) 570 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/157/full/570.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[22] SportsLogos (2021) 8856_jacksonville_jaguars-alternate-2013 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/159/full/8856_jacksonville_jaguars-alternate-2013.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[23] SportsLogos (2021) 299 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/173/full/299.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[24] SportsLogos (2021) 907 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/175/full/907.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[25] SportsLogos (2021) 8363_tampa_bay_buccaneers-primary-2020 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/176/full/8363_tampa_bay_buccaneers-primary-2020.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[26] SportsLogos (2021) 8f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/174/full/f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[27] SportsLogos (2021) 9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/161/full/9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[28] SportsLogos (2021) 857 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/162/full/857.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[29] SportsLogos (2021) 8521_las_vegas_raiders-primary-20201 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/6708/full/8521_las_vegas_raiders-primary-20201.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[30] SportsLogos (2021) 1660_los_angeles__chargers-primary-20201 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/6446/full/1660_los_angeles__chargers-primary-20201.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[31] SportsLogos (2021) 9455_san_francisco_49ers-primary-2009 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/179/full/9455_san_francisco_49ers-primary-2009.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[32] SportsLogos (2021) 8334_los_angeles_rams-primary-20201 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/5941/full/8334_los_angeles_rams-primary-20201.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[33] SportsLogos (2021) pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/180/full/pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[34] SportsLogos (2021) kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/177/full/kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[1] Chris Creamer’s SportsLogos (2021) 581 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/186/full/581.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

Renaming Era Logos

[1] Sports Logos (2021) edmonton_elks_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-5957 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/6790/full/edmonton_elks_logo_primary_2021_sportslogosnet-5957.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

Sports Logos (2022) washington_commanders_logo_primary_20228587 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/6832/full/washington_commanders_logo_primary_20228587.png [Accessed 16 March 2022]

ELF Logo References

[4] European League of Football Facebook Page (2021) Post, 26 April 2021: “The divisions with the updated Leipzig Kings logo!” [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/europeanleagueoffootball/photos/a.189040923024867/211338784128414 [Accessed 27 April 2021]

[5] European League of Football (2021) Stats [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/stats [Accessed 10 November 2021]

[6] European League of Football (2021) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/schedule [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[7] Barcelona Dragons Facebook (2021)Profile Picture: March 24, 2021: 164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n.jpg?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=7nF5AhntfsEAX9glptP&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=a430079a20cfb0956dd3ea5a7c8db22e&oe=61316F91 [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[8] Panthers Wroclaw Fabecook (2021) profile Picture September 20, 2013 1235513_483738095055993_896136457_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PanthersWroclaw/photos/a.483738081722661/483738095055993/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[9] Hamburg Sea Devils Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 9, 2021: 159505975_122355319823281_3096303558860788527_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/HamburgSeaDevils/photos/a.106420621416751/122355316489948 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[10] Stuttgart Surge Facebook (2021) Profile Picture July 27, 2021: 224860379_157740426432198_682630597869113461_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/StuttgartSurgeFootball/photos/a.101150422091199/157740416432199/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[11] Leipzig Kings Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 23, 2021 176481610_124322863083112_5924150060350890678_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/105240348324697/photos/a.105240374991361/124322859749779 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[12] Cologne Centurions Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 22, 2021 164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=q-FxP6s2FecAX8leJ2f&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=b85f562fcd7282fd92b580c46312ec3d&oe=61329D2C [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[13] Frankfurt Galaxy Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 18, 2021 175159880_127159659432418_8771340701865027771_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/frankfurtgalaxy21/photos/a.100834638731587/127159656099085 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[14] Berlin Thunder Facebook (2021) Profile Picture May 6, 2021 182443261_131030875743347_4880774321224305568_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BER.Thunder/photos/a.106909338155501/131030872410014/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[9] AFC Dacia Vienna Vikings Facebook (2016) Profile Picture, May 10, 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/ViennaVikings/photos/a.10150296666230346/10156908106500346/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.18169-9/13178930_10156908106500346_760535454859624943_n.jpg?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=jj_tUZy22F8AX9T2S19&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=8ac0b53a04716a88da7f3daec524750a&oe=61C3031B ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[10] SWARCO Raiders Tirol Facebook (2018) Profile Picture, October 24, 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/SWARCORaidersTirol/photos/a.428718306297/10156094237966298 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/44726413_10156094237971298_8355790253675511808_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=PUm4jRDwCW8AX_FDvaT&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=fca76f2a6975a9347f666a161a47c636&oe=61C0D05C ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[11] Istanbul Rams Facebook (2016) Profile Picture, October 15, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/IstanbulRams/photos/a.442986371827/10158396645326828/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/243269071_10158396645316828_2189579114400872932_n.png?_nc_cat=101&_nc_rgb565=1&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=4DCxhDp3C4sAX-H9Gxf&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=e9220f74a42bfd5a77c751654cb975ce&oe=61A0FE36 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[12] Rhein Fire Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, September 25, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/rheinfire.football/photos/a.110223358051508/118577120549465/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/241280937_118577130549464_5762887138007820785_n.png?_nc_cat=100&_nc_rgb565=1&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=YmhEHOY-jtcAX8lxNFt&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=02dcd3eb9114dce71b510650f2918ae7&oe=61A056EC ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

WNFC LOGO REFERENCES

[3] Alabama Fire Facebook (2018) Profile Picture, October 21, 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/alabamafire/photos/a.1609678612645442/2293692044244092/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/44509495_2293692047577425_4284616892968075264_n.jpg?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=cQmCwodyQdEAX-kFyPU&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT_8vGrz57fSeRJqyW55hpcP_F5vJhTx_F_ZxYMRseWcOQ&oe=621566F2 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[4] Atlanta Phoenix Facebook (2018) Profile Picture, April 14, 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/AtlantaPhoenixFootball/photos/a.224221407625012/1626942494019556 [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at:https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.18169-9/30697661_1626942494019556_7969326540513182352_n.png?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=174925&_nc_ohc=Jp1t1-bXQHsAX-ugEOD&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT-wdnImKivvSS61iNOGXls9xHH_l5geYJawYx1a6fcQEQ&oe=6212DE84 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[5] Denver Bandits Facebook (2018) Profile Picture, June 17, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DenvBandits/photos/a.694497494246762/857745641255279/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/64665741_857745644588612_690902092935593984_n.jpg?_nc_cat=101&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=ns4HkFNPsy0AX-ns5Es&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT-GMZ2la3wrvayys0Y6tNMYdVdGxTNIbCRU6n3PBjmDQg&oe=621522E9 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[6] Florida Avengers Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 3, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/Florida.Avengers/photos/a.444326052990129/1073632963392765/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/252851785_1073632960059432_8783092411184468427_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=22cjTbIcL8YAX-brk_1&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT-rn_JeOLGueQ62PUdnTF37ba5VVPGpPgbxEmC-3uMCVw&oe=61F2B6FB [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[7] Houston Heat Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, March 1, 2020 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/WNFCHoustonHeat/photos/a.101981541417155/101981974750445 [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/89009194_101981978083778_547615919447212032_n.png?_nc_cat=110&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=7jLQROMpYssAX_bSUg4&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT9K1VJ-Xlyh6TCNYVdvFD2_bYSZbM1rUPuGc3l63SXF4w&oe=6215516C [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[8] Kansas City Glory (2022) Homepage-Hero-logo [Internet] Available from: https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5ddec83f9ab6b86728e295af/1582579183598-UA8B2Z059AAMXEOWDA1M/Homepage-Hero-logo.png?format=2500w [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[9] La Muerte De Las Cruces Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, June 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LaMuerteFootball/photos/a.390852434591826/1561945220815869/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/194878743_1561945224149202_7641845063387106805_n.jpg?_nc_cat=100&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=9OWPUuc5UKgAX-khyHF&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT8243sezauFUbOeyBri1zbN3OClBjSOkBFMwt0ISI2H_w&oe=6212CBC5 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[10] Las Vegas Silver Stars Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, June 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/LVSilverStarsFootball/photos/a.1929343060616749/2899989276885451 [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/248577713_2899989270218785_131257031838698926_n.png?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=qxHLlhCyIwIAX_fD1II&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT9NBXIrQZ-lANT0-nEvhcY5jXQ-9EndWV_81CjSC20_7w&oe=61F41286 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[11] Los Angeles Legends Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, September 25, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/242987749_276821104124228_3927993075810519203_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=e3f864&_nc_ohc=L_Q65aQZL68AX-2JjeL&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT_Ji9PHJ8rUYPF-IA2m2rtyIQkAQ0wUAGrGzNUmJs3CHQ&oe=61F38E9F [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/242987749_276821104124228_3927993075810519203_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=e3f864&_nc_ohc=L_Q65aQZL68AX-2JjeL&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT_Ji9PHJ8rUYPF-IA2m2rtyIQkAQ0wUAGrGzNUmJs3CHQ&oe=61F38E9F [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[12] Mississippi Panthers Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, February 2, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/MSLadyPanthers/photos/a.575906792827673/1153536968397983/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/145288747_1153536971731316_2848686869016924911_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=V-3yYTBAJQwAX8YPnCx&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT-CSuYrerBEmufa0tp-50nofw-w188z_ggKmmD6tQ-DIQ&oe=6213BC91 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[13] Oregon Ravens (2022) qt=q_95 [Internet] Available from: https://img1.wsimg.com/isteam/ip/326e9407-7443-4da5-a670-39b13b7164b9/logo/fa9954f8-725e-4ec5-a68f-5fe6c965ee58.png/:/rs=w:464,h:308,cg:true,m/cr=w:464,h:308/qt=q:95 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[14] Philadelphia Phantomz Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, June 17, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PhantomzFootball/photos/a.102794326739605/1453719594980398/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/201968735_1453719601647064_3836045334241024886_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=trlH0vaotY8AX_c1G3B&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT_uuaruRfjS8o6Mxq2UiHRMCvhNtwFD6a56VIe2p0F2fw&oe=62138196 [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[15] Phoenix Prowlers Facebook (2020) Profile Picture, July 1, 2020 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PhoenixProwlers/photos/a.269533323675889/616087212353830/ [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Image Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/82912655_616087215687163_1901893860461600867_n.jpg?_nc_cat=105&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=S3I48O9maFIAX_Q7Sj6&tn=7uF7rGUPgPXI7zGG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT9AnmXZcLMwCkNfXkvg1Nk8vQ24U4EPqKGcKwr8BPxX1A&oe=62126E0E [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[16] San Diego Rebellion (2022) Rebellion_noSDR_colorbkgrd-2048×1306 [Internet] Available from: https://sandiegorebellion.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Rebellion_noSDR_colorbkgrd-2048×1306.png [Accessed 24 January 2021]

[17] Seattle Majestics Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, March 16, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=124573763007179&set=a.124573753007180 [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/161980636_124573766340512_6997491678419297740_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=W5lerB3p6vMAX8pgKcG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT-or5wfT9cNPTH8EOgDCOTKXWvnT3g9L5IoKxqbY7jtSg&oe=6213E17F [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[18] Texas Elite Spartans Facebook (2018) Profile Picture, June 13, 2018 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/TexasEliteWomensFootball/photos/a.858993514267272/952798374886785 [Accessed 24 January 2022][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/35199038_952798378220118_8483117007296790528_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=174925&_nc_ohc=UFujdTN1TcAAX-J7EiE&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=00_AT8BIjouip6Bt8otGYJaWC3kX3A5lmOfCyDhf9GDJaz5Gw&oe=62145C1A [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[19] Utah Falconz (2022) Asset-1 [Internet] Available from: https://secureservercdn.net/198.71.233.203/79k.a05.myftpupload.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Asset-1.png [Accessed 24 January 2022]

[20] Washington Prodigy (2022) 10SeasonsLogoShieldWhiteBG [Internet] Available from: https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/58fa4a95bebafb32e27e2b9f/63bf0db8-db1b-457f-9d60-8b2162fb7077/10SeasonsLogoShieldWhiteBG.png?format=1500w [Accessed 24 January 2022]

MAP REFERENCE

[22] 123RF (2022) Mexico map and flag – highly detailed vector illustration Image ID: 78267524 Copyright: dikobrazik [Internet] Available from: https://www.123rf.com/photo_78267524_mexico-map-and-flag-highly-detailed-vector-illustration.html?vti=o7a7x8rghuckf7jo01-1-64 [Accessed 10 January 2022]/ LFA Team and Map Combined by Enda Mulcahy for Eirball.ie

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Caroline Mitchell & Francesco

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 16 March 2022

You are free to copy this document in whole or part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved. The Logos and Photos used in this article remain the property of the organisations and individuals which own the copyright and are used here for educational and information purposes only.

January 16, 2022October 29, 2023

AFI American Football Ireland and Predecessors Teams Timeline 1942-2022

ETO (1942-1944), AAF (1983), AFAI (1984-1999), IAFA (2001-2018), and AFI (2019-2022) Teams Timeline.

AFI American Football Ireland Timeline 1942-2022

Pos	Team	Year	League
1	Hale Blue Devils	1942	ETO
1	Tech Fighting Irish	1942	ETO
1	Yarvard Crimson Tide	1942	ETO
4	Army Wolverines	1944	ETO
4	Navy Galloping Gaels	1944	ETO
6	Redskins	1983	AAF
6	Yankees	1983	AAF
8	Dublin Celts	1984-1993	AFAI
9	Coleraine Chieftains	1985-1990	AFAI
10	Belfast Blitzers	1985-1988	AFAI
11	Craigavon Cowboys	1986-1995; 2003-2022	AFAI, IAFA, AFI
12	Ballymena Wolfhounds	1986-1998	AFAI
13	Belfast Labatts Spartans	1986-1996	AFAI
14	Carrickfergus / East Antrim Cougars	1986-1989	AFAI
15	Aldergrove Hawks	1987	AFAI
16	Dublin Tornadoes	1987-1996	AFAI
17	Bangor Buccaneers	1987	AFAI
17	East Side Jets	1987	AFAI
19	Belfast NI Tennents Giants	1987-1990	AFAI
20	Jordanstown Jaguars	1987	AFAI
21	Antrim Bulldogs	1988-1993	AFAI
21	Lee Valley Steelers	1988-1993	AFAI
23	Limerick Patriots	1989-1993	AFAI
24	Bray Seahawks	1989	AFAI
25	Dublin Pirates	1990	AFAI
26	Prospect Pumas	1991-1993	AFAI
27	Brownlow Bandits	1991	AFAI
27	Newtownabbey Warriors	1991	AFAI
29	Drogheda Vikings	1992	AFAI
30	Ardee Falcons	1993	AFAI
31	Carrickfergus / Belfast Knights	1994-2022	AFAI, IAFA, AFI
32	Lurgan Area Raiders	1994-1995	AFAI
33	Dublin Lightning	1995-1998	AFAI
34	Portadown Panthers	1996-1997	AFAI
35	Dublin Bulls	1997	AFAI
36	Dublin Tigers	1998-1999	AFAI
37	Greystones Rebels	1998	AFAI
38	Queen's University Belfast Broncos	1998-1999	AFAI
39	Belfast Lasers	1999	AFAI
40	Dublin Rebels	2000-2022	IAFA, AFI
41	Dublin Dragons	2000-2015	IAFA
42	U Limerick Vikings	2001-2022	IAFA, AFI
43	Belfast Bulls	2002-2008	IAFA
44	Cork Admirals	2002-2022	IAFA, AFAI
45	Dublin City University Saints	2006-2010	IAFA
46	North Dublin Marshals	2006	IAFA
47	Belfast Trojans	2007-2022	IAFA, AFI
48	Edenderry Soldiers	2007-2008	IAFA
48	Tallaght Outlaws	2007-2008	IAFA
50	Trinity Thunderbolts	2008-2022	IAFA. AFI
50	West Dublin Rhinos	2008-2022	IAFA, AFI
52	Erris (Mayo) Rams	2009-2010	IAFA
53	Midlands Soldiers	2009	IAFA
54	UCD Sentinels	2009-2022	IAFA, AFI
55	Institute of Technology Carlow Chargers	2010	IAFA
56	Tullamore Phoenix	2010-2013	IAFA
57	Drogheda Lightning	2011-2014	IAFA
58	Meath Bulldogs	2011-2022	IAFA, AFI
59	Waterford Wolves	2012-2019	IAFA
60	Westmeath Minotaurs	2012-2022	IAFA, AFI
61	North Kildare Reapers	2012-2017	IAFA
62	Tyrone Titans	2014-2017	IAFA
63	Louth Mavericks	2014-2022	IAFA, AFI
64	South Kildare Soldiers	2014-2017	IAFA
65	Galway Warriors	2014-2020	IAFA
66	Donegal / Derry Vipers	2015-2022	IAFA, AFI
67	NI Razorbacks	2016-2022	IAFA, AFI
67	North Dublin Pirates	2016-2022	IAFA, AFI
67	South Dublin Panthers	2016-2022	IAFA, AFI
67	Wexford Eagles	2016-2022	IAFA, AFI
71	Antrim Jets	2017-2022	IAFA, AFI
72	Cill Dara Crusaders	2018-2022	AFI
73	Causeway Giants	2019-2022	AFI

European Theater of Operations (1942-1944), All-American Festival (1983)

The first teams based in Ireland were the European Theater of Operations Football Championship teams of US Army and Navy personnel stationed in Northern Ireland during World War II. The Hale Blue Devils, Yarvard Crimson Tide, Tech Fighting Irish, Army Wolverines and Navy Galloping Gaels played a handful of matches in Larne, Ravenhill and Newry. In 1983 with Britain’s Channel 4 TV station showing the game on our screens for the first time, the Redskins and Yankees – two teams of specially trained Rugby Union players played at the All-American Festival in Banbridge, Co. Down.

American Football Association of Ireland (1987-1999)

With the founding of the Dublin Celts in the Phoenix Park in 1984 the foundations of Irish American Football proper were laid. Following quickly were Coleraine Chieftains, also 1984 but not kitted until 1986, Craigavon Cowboys, Belfast Blitzers, Ballymena Wolfhounds, Carrickfergus Cougars in 1985 and 1986. The Wolfhounds withdrew from the AFAI in 1986 and concentrated solely on Youth Football, becoming fully kitted in 1991. The other five mentioned teams played in the first season of the American Football Association of Ireland in 1986. In 1987 Belfast Spartans, Jordanstown Jaguars, Bangor Buccaneers, Dublin Tornadoes, Belfast Giants, East Side Jets (Castlereagh) joined the league as did Aldergrove Hawks, who only played preseason. The 11 teams was soon whittled down to 8 as Jordanstown and East Side folded during the season and Bangor Buccaneers folded after the season. In 1988, however, the Antrim A26 Bulldogs were born. The Lee Valley Steelers in Cork were also formed that year. Belfast Blitzers dropped out of the league after 1988 and in 1989 Belfast Giants did likewise. 1989, however, saw the birth of the Bray Seahawks and Limerick Patriots. Bray played the one season of friendlies and Limerick never joined the league proper, playing in an 8v8 Mini-League.

1990 saw the birth and death of the Dublin Pirates. In 1991 Coleraine Chieftains and Carrickfergus Cougars merged as the Newtownabbey Warriors. This was to be the pattern for the next decade – one or two teams would fold each year and one replaced them. In 1991 the Junior Kitted League started in Northern Ireland with the Wolfhounds, Brownlow Bandits (a feeder team for the Cowboys), the Belfast Junior Spartans and the Prospect Pumas. Pumas were to become the Carrickfergus Knights senior team in 1994. Before that was to happen, however, the Drogheda Vikings entered the league in 1992, lasting one season, before a splinter group formed the Ardee Falcons in 1993, playing 8v8 Football for one season. That year was the last year of the Celts, Patriots, Falcons and Steelers as the league numbers dwindled. The Cowboys also folded temporarily, replaced by the nearby Lurgan Area Raiders in 1994. In 1995 the Dublin Lightning were formed by former Celts players. 1996 was the last year of the Tornadoes and Spartans. All of the original teams had now disappeared. Portadown Panthers replaced the Raiders in 1996 and were again replaced by the returning Craigavon Cowboys in 1998. The Tornadoes were replacerd by the Dublin Tigers in 1998 who had merged with the Gateway Bulls who were formed in Dublin in 1997. Greystones Rebels also formed around this time but stayed out of the league most season, as did the Dublin Lightning due to disatisfaction with the running of the league. 1998 saw Queen’s University Belfast Broncos play the first of two seasons, and a new team in Belfast, the Lasers played 7v7 Football in 1999.

Irish American Football Association (2001-2019)

By 2000, however, all but three teams had folded: Carrickfergus Cougars, Greystones Rebels and Dublin Lightning, with only one still affiliated to AFAI. Following protracted disputes, eventually leading to a court case, the AFAI was replaced by the IAFA in 2001 and the league started afresh with the Tigers and Rebels merged to become the Dublin Rebels, the Carrickfergus Knights and two entirely new teams: Dublin Dragons, formed from a Flag Football team, and the University of Limerick Vikings. The League expanded rapidly adding the Cork Admirals, Belfast Bulls and a resurrected Craigavon Cowboys by 2003 and the North Dublin Marshals and Dublin City University Saints by 2006. In 2007 the Marshals were replaced by the Tallaght Outlaws who lasted until 2008, the Edenderry Soldiers and the Belfast Trojans, a split from the Belfast Bulls. The Bulls folded after the 2008 season, and that year the introduction of the DV8 Development League saw a boom in team numbers: Both seconds teams, West Dublin Rhinos and Trinity College Dublin Thunderbolts were added that year. In 2009 the Erris (Mayo) Rams (until 2010), Midlands Soldiers (a merger of Edenderry Soldiers and new team Mullingar Archers, which lasted one season) and University College Dublin Sentinels joined the league. In 2010 the Soldiers were replaced in the midlands by Tullamore Phoenix, who played until 2013, and the IT Carlow Chargers who lost their sponsor after one game. Drogheda Lightning and Trim (Meath) Bulldogs joined in 2011 and in 2012 North Kildare Reapers, Mullingar Minotaurs and Waterford Wolves joined.

By 2013 the DV8 Development League was replaced by a full 11v11 Division 1 (IAFL 1) below the newly renamed Shamrock Bowl Conference, featuring seven of the Devlopment teams. 2014 saw the introduction of a third division, with Galway Warriors, Dundalk Mavericks, Tyrone Titans and South Kildare Soldiers joining in the IAFL 2. In 2015 Donegal Derry Vipers joined and the Mavericks and Lightning had merged as the Louth Mavericks. In 2016 a further three teams joined: North Dublin Pirates, NI Razorbacks, and Wexford Eagles. That year the Dublin Dragons also disbanded, becoming the reformed South Dublin Panthers. In 2017 the Antrim Jets joined replacing the Tyrone Titans and the two Kildare teams merged as the Cill Dara Crusaders in 2018, by which the Waterford Wolves were playing their last season, as were Galway Warriors in 2019. 2019 was the first year of the Causeway Giants and by now a new administration had taken over, with the IAFA renamed American Football Ireland.

Map of Northern Ireland (2022 Districts) Showing All-Time ETO, AAF, AFAI, IAFA and AFI Teams (1942-2022)

Labeled Color Map of Districts of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Copyright: lara2016 [Superimposed with 1942-2022 AFI and Predecessors Team Logos added by Enda Mulcahy for Eirball.ie [27]

Map of Ireland (2022 Counties, Boroughs and Districts) Showing AFAI (1986-1999), IAFA (2001-2018) and AFI (2019-2022) Republic of Ireland Teams

Map of Ireland administrative divisions on counties level Copyright: lesniewski [28]Combined with 1984-2022 Irish American Football Team Logos by Enda Mulcahy for Eirball.ie [16 January 2022]

Map of Dublin (2022 Counties and Boroughs) Showing AFAI (1984-1999), IAFA (2001-2018) and AFI (2019-2022) Team Locations and Logos

Map of Ireland administrative divisions on counties level

MAP REFERENCES

[27] Vector — Labeled Color Map of Districts of Northern Ireland, United Kingdom Copyright: lara2016 [Internet] Available from: https://www.123rf.com/photo_144615978_labeled-color-map-of-districts-of-northern-ireland-united-kingdom.html?vti=lnoo9k86jx77fg2u6b-1-21 [Accessed 10 January 2022] Superimposed on [28] Vector — Map of Ireland administrative divisions on counties level Copyright: lesniewski [Internet] Available from: https://www.123rf.com/photo_51580818_map-of-ireland-administrative-divisions-on-counties-level.html?vti=lnoo9k86jx77fg2u6b-1-1 [Accessed 10 January 2022] Combined with 1987 Irish American Football Team Logos by Enda Mulcahy for Eirball.ie [10 January 2022]

REFERENCES

[1] Dublin Celts American Football Team Facebook Page (2016) Photo by Joseph Greene August 28, 2016 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1421158977901127&set=gm.269427200117075&type=3&theater&ifg=1 [Accessed 3 July 2018]

[2] Dublin Dragons – IAFA (2018) Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ie/iafl/dragons.jpg [Accessed 16 November 2018]

[3] Dublin Lightning (1999) Lightning Logo [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20010614095221im_/http://www.geocities.com:80/Colosseum/Stadium/6662/lightninglogo.jpg [Accessed 4 July 2018]

[4] Irish American Football Association (2018) Dublin Rebels Team Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Team-Logo-Dublin-Rebels-2.png [Accessed 22 July 2018]

[5] Dublin Tornadoes (1995) Timmy Tornado Logo [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/19961115063729im_/http://fiachra.ucd.ie:80/~alan/Icons/American/timmy.gif [Accessed 3 July 2018]

[6] North Dublin Marshals – Wayback Machine (2007) North Dublin Marshals Logo [Internet] Avaiilable from: http://web.archive.org/web/20060906220811im_/http://www.northdublinmarshals.com:80/image002.jpg [Accessed 3 August 2018]

[7] North Dublin Pirates (2019) North Dublin Pirates Logo [Internet] Avaiilable from: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/0b/NorthDublinPirates.png [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[8] South Dublin Panthers Facebook Page (2018) South Dublin Panthers Profile Picture https://www.facebook.com/southdublinpanthers/photos/a.345294775649262/906846089494125/?type=1&theater [Accessed 16 November 2018]

[9] Tallaght Outlaws – Wayback Machine (2007) Tallaght Outlaws – Logo [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20070312123103im_/http://www.tallaghtoutlaws.com:80/forum/templates/subSilver/images/logo_phpBB.gif [Accessed 6 July 2018]

[10] Trinity College Dublin American Football | Facebook (2019) TCD American Football Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/214800495197037/photos/1306609992682743/ [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[11] University College Dublin American Football | Facebook (2019) UCD American Football Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/42217493_1698569130253365_7279433760959889408_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=7a5022628bcaee96b826121685dfb223&oe=5CC99467 [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[12] West Dublin Rhinos | Twitter (2019) West Dublin Rhinos Logo [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/834675830257229824/fw7mbNXR_400x400.jpg [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[13] Antrim Jets | Twitter (2019) Antrim Jets Logo [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/863895806876798976/X–gwGlf_400x400.jpg [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[14] Irish American Football Association (2008) Belfast Bulls Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ie/iafl/bullslogoX.jpg [Accessed 1 December 2018]

[13] Belfast Trojans | Facebook (2019) Belfast Trojans Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/396414_329765713737073_1023026931_n.jpg?_nc_cat=106&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=61cbbd2dd06504291f7e7843703e7b1d&oe=5CB71144 [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[16] Carrickfergus Knights – Vimeo (2018) Portrait [Internet] Available from: https://i.vimeocdn.com/portrait/482449_300x300 [Accessed 22 July 2018]

[17] Causeway Giants | Twitter (2019) Causeway Giants Logo [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1053726473272680448/pF_Cb76b_400x400.jpg [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[18] Coleraine Chieftans (2002) Coleraine Chieftans: Chief Image [Internet] Available from: http://www.thecolerainechieftans.freeservers.com/images/chief.gif [Accessed 18 July 2018]

[19] Craigavon Cowboys – Twitter Account (2018) Profile Picture [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/864100166680424448/TCauLbnj_400x400.jpg [Accessed 22 July 2018]

[20] Donegal Derry Vipers (2018) Donegal Derry Vipers Logo [Internet] Available from: http://ddvipers.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/DDVIPERS.png [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[21] International Police Association (2018) NI Razorbacks Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.ipa-uk.org/write/Images/Razorbacks_logo.jpg [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[22] Tyrone Fermanagh Titans | Facebook (2018) Tyrone Titans Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/21557438_1594065800659297_3400819593502111960_n.jpg?_nc_cat=106&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=a7d826672807573a79f7c8876c57df15&oe=5CCC26DA [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[23] Cill Dara Crusaders | Facebook (2018) Cill Dara Crusaders Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/22154178_148372745771309_392433809994775255_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3f80123bc5d863bbaf21c0d014ef795b&oe=5CFCA568 [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[24] Drogheda Lightning (2011) Drogheda Lightning Logo [Internet] Available from: https://boltsinblue.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/final_crest_2.png?w=212&h=300 [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[25] Irish American Football Association (2017) Louth Mavericks Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/helmet-decal-2.png [Accessed 11 December 2018]

[26] Irish American Football Association (2017) Meath Bulldogs Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Bulldogs.png [Accessed 11 December 2018]

[27] North Kildare Reapers Facebook Page (2016) North Kildare Reapers Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/1915656_601510396666670_1466765724774743782_n.png?_nc_cat=108&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=9ce7704ef3f30893cf5253668ebb76c8&oe=5C98C46E [Accessed 11 December 2018]

[28] South Kildare Soldiers (2016) South Kildare Soldiers Logo [Internet] Available from: https://i.ytimg.com/vi/Sz7Fd5-sSPM/maxresdefault.jpg [Accessed 11 December 2018]

[29] Bolts in Blue (2011) Tullamore Phoenix Logo [Internet] Available from: https://boltsinblue.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/tullamore-phoenix.jpg [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[30] Westmeath Minotaurs | Facebook (2015) Westmeath Minotaurs Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/12065840_1078155085529890_2779932276034449252_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3673d2a991ca4920aad2e85dc589c794&oe=5CC01F4B [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[31] Irish American Football Association (2018) Wexford Eagles Team Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Team-Logo-Wexford-Eagles.png [Accessed 21 January 2019]

[32] Irish American Football Association (2017) Admirals Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Admirals-PNG-1.png [Accessed 30 November 2018]

[33] Irish American Football Association (2017) UL Vikings Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ULVikings-HI-RES-Logo.png [Accessed 30 November 2018]

[34] Waterford Wolves Twitter – Twitter Profile Image [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/3322832460/9983db1ab02be8203c021435fd9cc127_400x400.png [Accessed 6 July 2018]

[35] Erris Rams Twitter – Twitter Profile Image [Internet] Available from: https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/567881658/rsz_rsz_ramlogo_1_400x400.jpg [Accessed 6 July 2018]

[36] Irish American Football Association (2017) Galway Warriors Logo [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Team-Logo-Galway-Warriors.png [Accessed 11 December 2018]

[37] Belfast Blitzers | Facebook (2019) Belfast Blitzers Logo [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/67510518_2229601940484282_4045526367226298368_n.jpg?_nc_cat=110&_nc_oc=AQl1RH5LGTyzP7JMEVoPCpPxclJUvZJLdfcQ4B410nJOwq86JZKgmCdGwLxt9Ohiu_LX86-8QPWKraapOFn6Q0ai&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=28e5b0bd6891c62c2b9a18b51ad283a1&oe=5DE33CA5 [Accessed 8 August 2019]

Yearly Results and Standings References

REFERENCES

SOURCES

[5] (1988) “Ireland” American Football News. 18 August 1988. pg.

[6] (1988) “Shamrock Bowl report” American Football News. 29 September 1988. pg. 22

[1] Anon. (1992) “IRISH CHAMPION CELTS STUNG BY BULLDOG SPIRIT”, First Down. July 11, 1992, pg. 17.

[7] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, July 2, 1992, pg. 65

[8] Anon. (1992) “Sad Celts are Torn to shreds”, First Down. July 18, 1992, pg. 16.

[9] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: Celts blown away”, Evening Herald. Thursday, July 9, 1992, pg. 66

[10] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, July 16, 1992, pg. 69

[11] Anon. (1992) “Dublin Celts still winless”, First Down. July 25, 1992, pg. 19.

[12] FD Reporter. (1992) “At last! It’s the Dub-win Celts!”, First Down. August 15, 1992, pg. 17.

[13] Anon. (1992) “IRISH RESULTS”, First Down. August 29, 1992, pg. 17.

[14] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: Vikings ready to invade Tallaght”, Evening Herald. Thursday, August 13, 1992, pg. 66

[15] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: Tornadoes ko Vikings”, Evening Herald. Thursday, August 20, 1992, pg. 61

[16] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, August 27, 1992, pg. 61

[17] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, September 3, 1992, pg. 94

[18] Anon. (1992) “Vikings Victory”, Drogheda Independent. Friday, September 4, 1992, pg. 11

[19] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, September 10, 1992, pg. 70

[20] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: Gridiron grief for Dubs!”, Evening Herald. Thursday, September 17, 1992, pg. 76

[21] Naughton, L. (1992) “Minority Reports: U.S. Football”, Evening Herald. Thursday, October 8, 1992, pg. Sport 7

[22] (1993) “Tornadoes Bowl Glory”, First Down, October 9, 1993, pg. 20

[23] Carrickfergus Knights (1994) Knights American Football Club Carrickfergus Shamrock Bowl Programme. Belfast. Aldine Print

[24] Anon. (1994) Dublin Clinch Crown. First Down. 8 October1994. p. 22

[25] Anon. (1994) Scoreboard. First Down. 16 July 1994. p. 19

[26] Anon. (1994) Scoreboard. First Down. 9 July 1994. p. 19

[27] Anon. (1994) Lurgan Blank Belfast. First Down. 9 July 1994. p. 20

[28] Anon. (1994) Scoreboard. First Down. 2 July 1994. p. 19

[29] Anon. (1994) Scoreboard. First Down. 18 June 1994. p. 19

[30] Anon. (1994) Full Round-Up of BAFA’s Divisions Two and Three. First Down. 7 May 1994. pg. 21

[31] Anon. (1994) Chicago Knights maintain challenge. Carrick Times. 6 June 1994. pg. 60

[32] Naughton, L. (1994) Tornadoes hit!. Evening Herald. Thursday, 21 April 1994 . pg. 54

[33] Naughton, L. (1994) American Football. Evening Herald. Thursday, 5 May 1994 . pg. 91

[34] Naughton, L. (1994) American Football. Evening Herald. Thursday, 26 May 1994 . pg. 68

[35] Naughton, L. (1994) Tornadoes turn up the power. Evening Herald. Thursday, 28 July 1994. pg. 55

[36] Naughton, L. (1994) American Football. Evening Herald. Thursday, 11 August 1994. pg. 44

[37] Naughton, L. (1994) Tornadoes blow Knights away!. Evening Herald. Thursday, 25 August 1994. pg. 50

[38] Naughton, L. (1994) American Football. Evening Herald. Thursday, 22 September 1994. pg.78

[39] Naughton, L. (1994) US Football. Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 September1994. pg.58

[40] Anon (1995) Tornadoes breeze past Carrickfergus to claim third straight Irish title. First Down. 7 October 1995, pg. 21.

[41] (1996) “US Football”, Evening Herald, Thursday, September 19, 1996, pg. 79

WEBSITES

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[62] Irish American Football Association (2013) IAFL Standings [Internet] Available from: www.americanfootball.ie/iafl-standings/ [Accessed 23 August 2013]

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[100] IAFA Ireland Facebook Page (2017) Facebook Post August 20 2017 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/iafaireland/posts/1625846934115867 [Accessed 28 August 2017]

INTERNET ARCHIVE

[61] Dublin Rebels – Wayback Machine Internet Archive (2008) News: 2008 League Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20081019054255/http://www.dublinrebels.com/news.php [Accessed 5 July 2017]

[70] Irish American Football Association – Wayback Machine Internet Archive (2017) IAFL Shamrock Bowl Conference Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20171115125115/http://www.americanfootball.ie/american-football/shamrock-bowl-conference/ [Accessed 18 January 2018]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Nora Mulcahy, Dervla Kincaid, Orla Connolly-Mulcahy, Aedamar Kincaid & Isabella Kincaid.

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eiirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 15 January 2022

You may quote this document in part provided that proper acknowledgement is given to the authors. All Rights Reserved. The Logos and Photos used in this article remain the property of the organisations and individuals which own the copyright and are used here for educational and information purposes only.

ARLINGTON, USA - SEP 15, 2015: Interior view of the AT&T Stadium, formerly known as Cowboys Stadium in Arlington. Texas, United States [Photo Credit; David J. Maldonaldo on Shutterstock.com]

December 27, 2021October 29, 2023

World Football Leagues Prediction 2060

National Football League – National Football Conference

National Football Conference East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Washington Football Team	NFC East

National Football Conference North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Chicago Bears	NFC North

National Football Conference South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Atlanta Falcons	NFC South
0	Carolina Panthers	NFC South

National Football Conference West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	San Jose 49ers	NFC West

National Football League – World Football Conference

World Football Conference East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Delhi Bengals	WFC East
0	Moscow Raiders	WFC East
0	Sydney Rams	WFC East
0	Tokyo Chargers	WFC East

World Football Conference North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Berlin Colts	WFC North
0	Dublin Patriots	WFC North
0	London Ravens	WFC North
0	Stockholm Vikings	WFC North

World Football Conference South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Johannesburg Chiefs	WFC South
0	Mexico City Browns	WFC South
0	Rio de Janeiro Cowboys	WFC South
0	Rome Cardinals	WFC South

World Football Conference West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Toronto Buffaloes	WFC West

United States Football League – United Football Conference

United Football Conference East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	New Jersey Generals	UFC East
0	Philadelphia Stars	UFC East
0	Pittsburgh Maulers	UFC East
0	Washington Federals	UFC East

United Football Conference North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Chicago Blitz	UFC North
0	Memphis Showboats	UFC North
0	Michigan Panthers	UFC North
0	Oklahoma Outlaws	UFC North

United Football Conference South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Birmingham Stallions	UFC South
0	Houston Gamblers	UFC South
0	Orlando Renegades	UFC South
0	Tampa Bay Bandits	UFC South

United Football Conference West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Arizona Wranglers	UFC West
0	Los Angeles Express	UFC West
0	Portland Breakers	UFC West
0	San Antonio Gunslingers	UFC West

United States Football League – Xtreme Football Conference

Xtreme Football Conference East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Baltimore Colts	XFC East
0	Buffalo Bills	XFC East
0	New York Titans	XFC East

Xtreme Football Conference North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League

Xtreme Football Conference South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Dallas Cowboys	XFC South
0	Houston Oilers	XFC South
0	St. Louis Cardinals	XFC South

Xtreme Football Conference West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Oakland Raiders	XFC West

Canadian Football League

Canadian Football League East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Atlantic Schooners	CFL East
0	Hartford Colonials	CFL East
0	Montreal Alouettes	CFL East
0	Quebec City Northmen	CFL East

Canadian Football League North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	CFL North
0	Ottawa REDBLACKS	CFL North
0	Toronto Argonauts	CFL North
0	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	CFL North

Canadian Football League West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	British Columbia Lions	CFL West
0	Calgary Stampeders	CFL West
0	Edmonton Elks	CFL West
0	Saskatchewan Roughriders	CFL West

Canadian Football League South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Alaska Sea Lions	CFL South
0	Austin Generals	CFL South
0	Prairie Alphas	CFL South
0	Rocky Mountain Aviators	CFL South

Liga de Futbol Americano

Liga de Futbol Americano North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Dinos Saltillo	LFA North
0	Fundidores Nuevo León	LFA North
0	Galgos Tijuana	LFA North
0	Reyes Jalisco	LFA North

Liga de Futbol Americano South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Artilleros Puebla	LFA South
0	Gallos Negros Querétaro	LFA South
0	Osos Toluca	LFA South
0	Raptors Edomex	LFA South

International League of Football

Independent Football League North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Edmonton Eskimos	IFL North
0	Mississippi Blues	IFL North
0	New Mexico Thunderbirds	IFL North
0	San Jose Apaches	IFL North

Independent Football League South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Hawaiians	IFL South
0	Mayas	IFL South
0	Mexicas CDMX	IFL South
0	Mexico Golden Aztecs	IFL South

Japan Super League

Japan Super League North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Chubu Big Blue	JSL North
0	Hokkaido Frontiers	JSL North
0	Kanto Creators	JSL North
0	Tohoku Rise	JSL North

Japan Super League West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Chugoku Kobe Finies	JSL West
0	Kansai Osaka Seagulls	JSL West
0	Kyushu Nagasaki Lions	JSL West
0	Shikoku Wakayama Impulse	JSL West

Global League of Football

Global League of Football East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Jerusalem Jousters	GLF East
0	Kolkata Vipers	GLF East
0	Shanghai Skywalkers	GLF East
0	Singapore Sea Lions	GLF East

Global League of Football South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Cairo Pharaohs	GLF South
0	Corsarios Buenos Aires	GLF South
0	Nairobi Crimson Tide	GLF South
0	Santos Tsunami	GLF South

European League of Football

European League of Football East Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Panthers Wroclaw	ELF East

European League of Football North Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Amsterdam Crusaders	ELF North
0	Helsinki Roosters	ELF North

European League of Football South Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	Gladiatori Roma	ELF South

European League of Football West Division 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	London Kings	ELF West
0	Scottish Claymores	ELF West

Pacific League of Football

Pacific League of Football 2060

Pos	Team	League
0	ACT Monarchs	PLF
0	New Zealand Kiwis	PLF
0	South Australia Dragons	PLF
0	Western Australia Raiders	PLF

Report

With the United States Football League version 2 starting in 2022, but with only teams in the North East and South regions of USA, Eirball takes a brief look into the crystal ball, to see where not only the USFL shall go next, but also what will happen when the NFL goes Global.

After reviving old USFL 1 teams in the Midwest and West such as Chicago Blitz, Memphis Showboats, Oklahoma Outlaws, Portland Breakers, San Antonio Gunslingers, Los Angeles Express and Arizona Wranglers, as well as resurrecting the Orlando Renegades; the USFL becomes a Major League in the USA after the NFL goes global. With a large amount of fans unhappy with the NFL putting teams in Canada, Mexico, Japan and Germany, US fans of Football flock to the USA-only league which revived the popular United States Football League of 1983 to 1985, becoming the firsty successful Spring League.

By 2040 the NFL, under increasing pressure from protest groups in USA, not only moves teams with controversial names such as the Chiefs to Johannesburg, Patriots to Dublin, Ravens to London, Colts to Berlin, Bengals to Delhi, Rams to Sydney, Chargers to Tokyo, Vikings to Stockholm, Browns to Mexico City, Cowboys to Rio de Janeiro, Cardinals to Rome, and Bills to Toronto, but also scraps the AFC in favour of the new World Football Conference, which includes the Houston Texans, Jacksonville Jaguars and Tennessee Titans.

In 2060 the XFL begins its fifth iteration (after another failed attempt in 2040) by bringing back the old NFL teams which the NFL moved out of their markets – Houston Oilers, Dallas Cowboys, Baltimore Colts, Washington Redskins, Boston Patriots, Buffalo Bills, New York Titans, St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Browns, Minnesota Vikings, Kansas City Chiefs, Los Angeles Rams, Oakland Raiders, San Diego Chargers and San Francisco 49ers are all resurrected in a new Xtreme Football Conference which merges with the United States Football League creating a USA-only 32-team league.

Meanwhile the CFL has added the Atlantic Schooners and the Japan X-League Super division teams drop their Company names and represent the 8 regions of Japan – Kanto Creators, Hokkaido Frontiers are just two of the eight regional teams in the new Japan Super League. The Liga de Futbol Americano and European League of Football also take their place among the 4 Major Regional Leagues along with the CFL and JSL.

Meanwhile Native Americans and other groups such as Hawaiians and Mississippi African-Americans who have had their identity stolen revive old team names in a new Independent Football League with ownership and players of that heritage. A Global League of Football featuring 4 teams in Asia, 2 in Africa and 2 in South America is also set up at the same time, with the two leagues merging as the International League of Football. Finally, to fill in a gap, the Pacific League of Football, with one team in New Zealand and three in Australia is launched.

Cowboys Stadium, Arlington, TX

IMAGES

[2] Birmingham Pro Sports (2019) Birmingham Americans History | Logo World Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.birminghamprosports.com/birminghamamericans/logo%20world%20football%20league.jpg [Accessed 11 February 2019]

WEBSITES

[1] NFL / Kevin Patra (2020) Washington retiring nickname, logo; new nickname TBD [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/news/washington-retires-nickname-logo-new-nickname-tbd [Accessed 14 July 2020]

Canadian Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/canadian-football-leagues/

National Football League: https://eirball.ie/national-football-league-2/

American Football League Era 1920-1950: https://eirball.ie/american-football-leagues-era-1920-1950/

Mexican American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/mexican-american-football-leagues/

Japan American Football: https://eirball.ie/japanese-american-football/

United States Football Leagues Era 1960-1985: /https://eirball.ie/united-states-football-leagues-era-1960-1985/

Arena and Indoor Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/arena-indoor-football-leagues/

European american Football: https://eirball.ie/european-american-football/

Women’s American Football (including Legends Leagues): https://eirball.ie/womens-american-football/

XFL Era Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/xfl-football-leagues-era-1990-2020/

World American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/world-american-football/

PHOTO References

[38] ARLINGTON, USA – SEP 15, 2015: Interior view of the AT&T Stadium, formerly known as Cowboys Stadium in Arlington. Texas, United States [Photo Credit; David J. Maldonaldo on Shutterstock.com]

NFL Logo References

TEAM LOGO REFERENCES

[3] SportsLogos (2021) y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/151/full/y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[4] SportsLogos (2021) n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/149/full/n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[5] SportsLogos (2021) 7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/150/full/7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[6] SportsLogos (2021) 9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/152/full/9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[8] SportsLogos (2021) 960 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/167/full/960.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[9] SportsLogos (2021) 406 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/165/full/406.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[10] SportsLogos (2021) 919 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/166/full/919.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[11] SportsLogos (2021) 970 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/156/full/970.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[12] SportsLogos (2021) 318 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/153/full/318.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[13] SportsLogos (2021) 7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/155/full/7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[15] SportsLogos (2021) dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/171/full/dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[16] SportsLogos (2021) 364 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/169/full/364.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[17] SportsLogos (2021) 1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/170/full/1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[19] SportsLogos (2021) 593 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/158/full/593.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[20] SportsLogos (2021) 1053 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/160/full/1053.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[21] SportsLogos (2021) 570 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/157/full/570.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[23] SportsLogos (2021) 299 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/173/full/299.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[24] SportsLogos (2021) 907 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/175/full/907.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[26] SportsLogos (2021) 8f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/174/full/f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[27] SportsLogos (2021) 9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/161/full/9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[28] SportsLogos (2021) 857 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/162/full/857.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[33] SportsLogos (2021) pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/180/full/pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[34] SportsLogos (2021) kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/177/full/kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

CFL Logo References

LOGOS

[1] David Burnett to A Football World Discussion Group Facebook (2021) Post to Page, October 27, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10223294722629561&set=gm.1008333219949031 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/247859990_10223294722589560_7128872716997977271_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=825194&_nc_ohc=tQlu7Zz9TGoAX9PiYqG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3b02a54c6ac6522bc2b9c2fa2a35c25f&oe=61A00B91 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[3] Sports Logos (2021) 8827_bc_lions-primary-2016 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/91/full/8827_bc_lions-primary-2016.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[8] Sports Logos (2021) 6242 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/94/full/6242.gif [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[9] Sports Logos (2021) 4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/99/full/4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

TSL (CFL South) Logos

[1] The Spring League (2021) SEALIONS_Prim_FulClrWhtBG-1-512×326 [Internet] Available from: https://www.thespringleague.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/SEALIONS_Prim_FulClrWhtBG-1-512×326.png [Accessed 27 December 2021]

[2] The Spring League (2021) generals-hero-min [Internet] Available from: https://www.thespringleague.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/generals-hero-min.png [Accessed 27 December 2021]

[3] The Spring League (2021) aviators-min-512×273 [Internet] Available from: https://www.thespringleague.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/aviators-min-512×273.png [Accessed 27 December 2021]

[4] The Spring League (2021) alpha-wordmark-min-1-512×271 [Internet] Available from: https://www.thespringleague.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/alpha-wordmark-min-1-512×271.png [Accessed 27 December 2021]

LFA Logo References

LOGO REFERENCES

[2] Mayas LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, October 25, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/MayasLFA/photos/a.916904715071809/4490334654395446/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/248497239_4490334641062114_2420135574359291948_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=tyzQ2K5mI24AX-IE9d5&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=f2e12ee551f216704032abc0943f123a&oe=61A09048 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[7] Artilleros LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 3, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/ArtillerosLFA/photos/a.298541940883309/579119006158933/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/73513561_579119012825599_8802706180922146816_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=5nO8n1bZCXsAX9_5Lnj&tn=7uF7rGUPgPXI7zGG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=c6a6d0a303ab49f16b9e426ddf538b25&oe=61C12730 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[8] Osos LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, October 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=251129953689617&set=a.125371869598760 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/243020024_251129950356284_294552196448173790_n.jpg?_nc_cat=109&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=nI9MStm2EZQAX9vtC2f&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=d69c71335d78090b5ef73d3f92b43bcf&oe=61A0E836 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

JSL Logo References

[7] X-League (2021) Fujitsu Frontiers [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/fujitsu [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[8] X-League (2021) Obic Seagulls Profile [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/obic [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[9] X-League (2021) Panasonic Impulse [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/impulse [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[10] X-League (2021) Elecom Kobe Finies [Internet] Available from:https://xleague.jp/team/elecom [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[11] X-League (2021) IBM Big Blue [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/ibm [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[12] X-League (2021) Tokyo Gas Creators [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/tokyogas [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[13] X-League (2021) All-Mitsubishi Lions [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/hel-lions [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[14] X-League (2021) Nojima Sagamihara Rise [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/team/rise [Accessed 4 August 2021]

ELF Logo References

[13] Chris Creamer’s Sports Logos (2019) Scottish Claymores Alternsate Logo 1998 [Internet] Available from:http://content.sportslogos.net/logos/19/1233/full/2552_scottish_claymores-alternate-1998.png [Accessed 27 November 2019]

Other Logos

[1] The Spring League (2021) blues-hero-min-512×299 [Internet] Available from: https://www.thespringleague.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/blues-hero-min-512×299.png [Accessed 27 December 2021]

[2] Chris Creamer’s Sportslogos (2019) edmonton_eskimos_logo_primary_19987020 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/93/full/edmonton_eskimos_logo_primary_19987020.png [Accessed 22 November 2021]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Todd Zboyan, Bart Barden, Bri Wallace, Sondra Maher, Decy Maher, Tom Gallagher and Carmine.

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 27 December 2021

November 22, 2021October 29, 2023

Professional Gridiron Football Teams by Year of Formation 1896-2021

Year of Formation and League

Professional Gridiron Football Teams by Year of Foundation

Pos	Team	Year	League
1	Toronto Argonauts	1873	CFL Canada
2	Watertown Red and Black	1896	WSPF (Semi-Pro) #
3	Arizona Cardinals	1898	NFL USA (APFA) +
4	Chicago Bears	1922	NFL USA
5	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	1936	CFL Canada $
6	Edmonton Eskimos	1938	CFL Canada $
7	Calgary Stampeders	1945	CFL Canada
8	Saskatchewan Roughriders	1946	CFL Canada $
9	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	1950	CFL Canada $
10	British Columbia Lions	1954	CFL Canada
11	Houston Oilers	1960	NFL USA (AFL) +!
12	Buffalo Bills	1960	NFL USA (AFL)+
13	Dallas Cowboys	1960	NFL USA
14	Atlanta Falcons	1966	NFL USA
15	Atlantic Schooners	1982	CFL Canada *
16	Montreal Alouettes	1996	CFL Canada $
17	Carolina Panthers	1996	NFL USA
18	Baltimore Ravens	1999	NFL USA
19	Ottawa REDBLACKS	2014	CFL Canada $
20	Gallos Negros Querétaro	2016	LFA Mexico
21	Mayas	2016	LFA Mexico
22	Raptors Edomex	2016	LFA Mexico
23	Mexicas CDMX	2017	LFA Mexico £
24	Dinos Saltillo	2017	LFA Mexico
25	Fundidores Nuevo León	2017	LFA Mexico
26	Osos Toluca	2018	LFA Mexico
27	Artilleros Puebla	2018	LFA Mexico
28	Pioneros Querétaro	2019	LFA Mexico £
29	All-Mitsubishi Lions	2021	JXL Japan %
30	Elecom Kobe Finies	2021	JXL Japan %
31	Fujitsu Frontiers	2021	JXL Japan %
32	IBM Big Blue	2021	JXL Japan %
33	Nojima Sagamihara Rise	2021	JXL Japan %
34	Obic Seagulls	2021	JXL Japan %
35	Panasonic Impulse	2021	JXL Japan %
36	Tokyo Gas Creators	2021	JXL Japan %
37	Edmonton Elks	2021	CFL Canada $
38	Galgos Tijuana	2022	LFA Mexico

NFL USA (National Football League 1922-Present) – Plays for Super Bowl between AFC and NFC Champions since 1966.

NFL USA (APFA) + Team played in APFA (American Professional Football Association, 1920-1921) before name changed to NFL in 1922.

NFL USA + Originally played in NFL before joining AFC on NFL-AFL merger.

NFL USA (AAFC) + Teams previously played in the All-America Football Conference before joining NFL.

NFL USA (AFL) + Teams previously played in the American Football

Semi-Professional Teams

WSPF # – World Series of Professional Football – Team played in World Series of Professional Football for Champions of New York City, New Jersey, Upstate New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio Leagues from 1902 to 1903.

Continental Football Leagues

CFL Canada $ – Canadian Football League – Teams had various and numerous before settling on current names

LFA Mexico £ – Liga de Futbol Americano – Teams had other names prior to current name or promoted from FAM (Futbol Americano Mexico). Plays for Mexican Bowl.

ELF Europe ^ – European League of Football – Many ELF teams took names from previous WLAF (World League of American Football, 1991-1997) and NFL Europe League (1998-2007). Others joined from their respective National Leagues or played in Eurobowl – the Champions League for European National Champions.

JXL Japan & – Japan X-League X1 Super – Teams were previously part of Japan Leagues before taking over sole ownership of “Rice Bowl” from University Teams in 2021. Expected by Eirball to go fully professional in 2022.

Other Teams

# Defunct Teams – Houston Oilers name retired.

* Awarded but Yet to Play – Atlantic Schooners have twice been awarded teams (1982 and 2019) but have both times been unable to finalize plans for a Stadium.

Early Gridiron Football Teams – From Semi-Pro to WWII Era (1873-1936)

Professional Gridiron Football Teams have existed since the late 1890s. Currently there are 70 teams in existence although Eirball is counting also previous incarnations of teams which of historical significance in this list.

Toronto Argonauts were formed in 1873 and are the oldest Professional Gridiron Football Team in existence. They were founder members of the CFL (Canadian Football League) and are still members of the league.

2. The Watertown Red and Black, from New Jersey appear second in this list as they were formed in 1896 and played in the World Series of Professional Football (A Series for the Champions of New York City, New Jersey, Upstate New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio which lasted two seasons: 1902 and 1903). Watertown are still in existence playing in a Semi-Pro State League in the New York / New Jersey Metropolitan Area.

3. Next up are the Ariziona Cardinals, formed in 1898 as the Morgan Athletic Club in an Irish neighbourhood of Chicago. The Cardinals have been through many incarnations: They changed their name first to the Normals after Normal Park, then the Racine Cardinals after a Street in Chicago. When they joined the APFA (American Professional Football Association) in 1920 they were known as the Chicago Cardinals. The APFA changed its’ name to the NFL (National Football League) in 1922 and in 1960 the Cardinals moved to St. Louis. from there they moved on to Phoenix, AZ in 1988 and then in 1993 moved to Glendale, AZ becoming the Arizona Cardinals as they were no longer based in Phoenix.

4. Green Bay Packers were formed in 1919 in Wisconsin, and are named Packers due to sponsorship from ACME Packing company in Green Bay. The Packers joined the APFA in 1921, which renamed itself the NFL in 1922. They have played at times in Milwaukee, splitting their home schedule between Green Bay and Milwaukee in the process.

5. Chicago Bears come next. Formed as the Decatur Staleys (and named after the owner) they were bought out by a Chicago consortium in 1921 which was paid by Staley to keep the name for one year. In 1922 they became the Chicago Bears.

6. New York Giants are number 6 on this list, being formed in 1924, although there was a previous team by the name of the New York Giants in the APFA as the NFL was known then in 1921. The Giants are no longer based in New York City, but in Rutherford, New Jersey, and in the 1970s briefly played in Connecticut.

7. Detroit Lions are number 7 on this list, having been formed as the Portsmouth Spartans, moving to Detroit and becoming the Lions in 1834.

8. Washington Redskins were formed as Boston Braves in 1932, becoming Boston Redskins in 1933 and moving to Washington in 1937.

9. Philadelphia Eagles were formed in 1933 and are still the Philadelphia Eagles, although they have moved Stadiums within Philadelphia.

10. Winnipeg Blue Bombers were formed in 1936, although there were previous teams in Winnipeg before the Blue Bombers. They were founding members of the CFL (Canadian Football League) when it broke away from the CRU (Canadian Rugby Union) in 1956.

Foundation of the CFL and NFL merger with AAFC (1937-1959)

11. Los Angeles Rams played in an incarnation of the AFL (American Football League) in 1936 as the Cleveland Rams before joining the NFL in 1937. The Rams moved to Los Angeles after WWII in 1945 and in 1982 moved to Anaheim, Orange County, CA. From there they moved to St. Louis in 1995 before moving back to Los Angeles in 2019.

12. Pittsburgh Steelers joined the NFL as the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1933, renaming themselves the Steelers in 1937. They briefly merged with Philadelphia Eagles as Phil-Pitt for one season during WWII (and were known as the “Steagles” by fans). They also merged for one season during WWII with the Chicago Cardinals as Card-Pitt. The Steelers moved to the AFC (American Football Conference) after the merger with the AFL in 1970.

13. Edmonton Eskimos took this name in 1938 and were founder members of the CFL in 1956. They have recently changed their name to Edmonton Elks.

14. Calgary Stampeders, like many other CFL teams, were known by many names before settling on Calgary Stampeders in 1945. They too were founder members of the CFL in 1956.

15. Originally known as Regina Roughriders the Saskatchewan Roughriders were formed in 1946 and were original members of CFL in 1956.

16. Cleveland Browns were founder members of the AAFC (All-America Football Conference) in 1946 before joining the NFL in 190. They moved to the AFC upon the merger with the AFL in 1970 and in 1996 moved to Baltimore. It was a controversial move and the NFL promised a new team to Cleveland for 1999 which would have the Cleveland Browns, name, colours, logos and history. The Baltimore team was named the Ravens.

17. San Francisco 49ers were another founding member of the AAFC that joined the NFL in 1950. In 2014 the team moved to Santa Clara, a suburb of San Jose, although kept the name San Francisco 49ers.

18. Hamilton Tiger-Cats were formed in 1950 from the merger of two previous Canadian teams: Hamilton Tigers and Hamilton Wildcats. They were founding members of the CFL in 1956.

19. The 18th team on this list is Indianapolis Colts. While there was a previous team known as the Baltimore Colts in the AAFC which joined the NFL in 1950, that team folded and was replaced first by the New York Yanks and then the Dallas Texans and after both of those two teams also folded a new Baltimore Colts was founded in 1953. The Colts joined the AFC upon merger with the AFL in 1970 and in 1982 moved to Indianapolis.

20. British Columbia Lions were formed in Vancouver in 1954 and became founding members of the CFL in 1956.

The American Football League Era – The foundation of the AFL (1960-1965)

21. Denver Broncos were founding members of yet another AFL (American Football League) in 1960 before it merged with the NFL in 1970.

22. Houston Oilers were also founding members of the AFL in 1960 which merged with the NFL in 1970. In 1996 the team moved to Memphis, Tennessee, temporarily known as the Tennessee Oilers before moving into their new home in Nashville in 1998 and renaming themselves the Tennessee Titans. The NFL retired the name Oilers.

23. Los Angeles Chargers were founding members of the AFL in 1960. Unable to compete with the Rams in Los Angeles they moved to San Diego in 1961. Unable to gain City funding for a new Stadium in 2019 they moved back to Los Angeles, sharing a new Stadium with the Rams.

24. Buffalo Bills. Another founding member of the AFL, the Bills played one game a year in the 2000s in Toronto in order to build on their Canadian market. There was a previous team in the AAFC of 1946-1949 called the Buffalo Bills.

25. New England Patriots. Another founding member of the AFL in 1960 they were originally known as the Boston Patriots but changed their name in 1970 to reflect the fact they were no longer based in Boston, but in Foxborough, Massachusetts.

26. Dallas Cowboys. After Dallas businessman Lamar Hunt set up the AFL in 1960 the NFL placed the Cowboys in the Dallas market which forced Hunt’s Dallas Texans to relocate to Kansas City in 1963. The Cowboys are still the Dallas Cowboys although over the years they have been based in the Dallas suburbs of Irving and Arlington.

27. Las Vegas Raiders. Founder members of the AFL in 1960 the Oakland Raiders moved to Anaheim, Orange County, CA in 1982, before moving back to Oakland in 1995. Unable to get City funding for a new Stadium they moved to Las Vegas in 2020.

28. Minnesota Vikings. After Minneapolis was awarded an AFL team in 1960 they moved to the NFL before the start of the season after the NFL gave a better offer. The Vikings played their first season in the NFL in 1961. Named Minnesota rather than Minneapolis as they cater for both Minneapolis and St. Paul – the Twin Cities.

29. IN 1963 Dallas Texans, founder members of the AFL in 1960, were forced out of the Dallas market, unable to compete with the Cowboys of the NFL. The Texans moved to Kansas City, MO and renamed the Chiefs.

30. New York Jets were formed as the New York Titans in the AFL of 1960. They changed their name to Jets in 1960 and moved to East Rutherford, New Jersey, sharing with the New York Giants, in the 1970s.

Southern Expansion Era (1966-2002)

31. Atlanta Falcons. First expansion team of the 1960s after the explosion of teams in 1960 the Falcons joined the NFL in 1966.

32. New Orleans Saints. Joined the NFL in 1967. After Hurricane Katrina, which destroyed parts of the Louisiana Superdome, the Saints played a year in San Antonio, TX, and Baton Rouge, LA in 2005.

33. Miami Dolphins. Expansion team of the AFL in 1969 the Dolphins joined the AFC (American Football Conference) of the NFL in 1970. Now based in Miami Gardens, FL, but still known as Miami Dolphins.

34. Cincinnati Bengals joined the AFL as an expansion team in 1969 like the Dolphins and like the Dolphins are still members of the AFC. The Bengals are still based in Cincinnati. There was a previous team called the Cincinnati Bengals in an AFL of the 1930s.

35. Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Joined the NFL as a member of the AFC in 1976, moving to the NFC in 1977.

36. Seattle Seahawks. Joined the NFL as a member of the NFC in 1976 the Seahawks moved to the AFC in 1977 and back to the NFC in 2002.

37. Atlantic Schooners were awarded a CFL franchise in 1982 for Halifax, Nova Scotia but were unable get funding for a Stadium. Again in 2019 they were awareded a franchise for Moncton, New Brunswick, to start in 2022 or 2023, but COVID-19 has set the plans back.

38. Montreal Alouettes. Originally founded in 1946, and founder members of the CFL in 1956, the Alouettes folded in 1983. A team called the Montreal Concordes replaced them in 1983 but folded again in 1988. After the NFL placed a WLAF (World League of American Football) team there from 1991-1992 called the Montreal Machine, the Alouettes were resurrected in 1996.

39. Carolina Panthers. First NFL expansion team since 1976, the Carolina Panthers were awarded a team for Charlotte, NC, which began play in 1995.

40. Jacksonville Jaguars. Awarded expansion team for 1995 soon after the Panthers, the Jaguars have been the designated Home Team for one NFL regular season game a year in London since 2014.

41. Baltimore Ravens. After controversially moving from Cleveland in 1996, the Baltimore team was named the Ravens with the NFL promising a new team for Cleveland for 1999 that would keep the Browns Logo, Colours and History.

42. Tennessee Titans. After moving from Houston the Oilers spent a couple of seasons in Memphis before moving into their new home in Nashville in 1998. They were renamed Tennessee Titans in 1998.

43. Houston Texans. New expansion team for Houston after Oilers moved to Tennessee. awarded in 1999, they began play in 2002.

Liga de Football Americano in Mexico Era (2014-2019)

44. Ottawa REDBLACKS. While the CFL considers the REDBLACKS to be the same team as the Ottawa Rough Riders (1908-1996) and the Ottawa Renegades (2002-2005) both of the previous teams folded.

45. Condors Queretaro. Formed as Condors CDMX in Mexico City in 2016 the Condors are one of four founding members of the LFA (Liga de Football Americano) in Mexico.

46. Mayas. Formed as Mayas CDMX in Mexico City, this founding member has since moved out of the Capital City and led a nomadic existence year-by-year.

47. Raptors Edomex. Founded in CDMX in 2016 but representing Edomex (Estado de Mexico – the State which shares a name with the country of Mexico) the Raptors are now based in Naucalpan, Edomex, where the Irish Institute is based.

48. Mexicas CDMX. Founding members of the LFA the Mexicas were originally known as Eagles but changed their name in 2017.

49. Dinos Saltillo. Based in the Monterrey satellite town of Saltillo the Dinos were the first expansion team of the LFA along with the Fundidores in 2017.

50. Fundidores Nuevo Leon. Originally Fundidores Monterrey and now named for the State of Nuevo Leon, of which Monterrey is the biggest city, the Fundidores (Smelters) are one of two LFA expansion teams of 2017.

51. Osos Toluca. Toluca “Bears” are a 2018 expansion team of the LFA in Mexico.

52. Artilleros Puebla. Puebla “Gunners” are a 2018 expansion team of the LFA and taking a year out in 2022.

53. Pioneros Queretaro. Queretaro “Pioneers” were founded in 2018 as one of the original members of thew FAM Futbol Americano Mexico, the Mexican second division, gaining promotion in 2019 to thew LFA but relegated back down for 2022.

European League of Football Era (2021-2022)

54. Barcelona Dragons. Founding members of the ELF (European League of Football). Formed in the Catalan Capital in 2021, the Barcelona Dragons took the name of a previous team in the WLAF (World League of American Football) 1991-1997, and NFL Europe League (1998-2003).

55. Frankfurt Galaxy. Founding members of the ELF in 2021, the Frankfurt Galaxy was also the name of a team in the WLAF (1991-1997) and NFL Europe League (1998-2007).

56. Stuttgart Surge. Founding members of the ELF in 2021, the Stuttgart Surge took the name and colours of a previous WLAF team: Sacramento Surge.

57. Berlin Thunder. founding members of the ELF in 2021 the Berlin Thunder took the name of a previous team called Berlin Thunder in the NFL Europe League from 1999-2007.

58. Cologne Centurions. Another founding member of the ELF in 2021, the Cologne Centurions were named the same as a previous team in the NFL Europe League from 2004-2007.

59. Hamburg Sea Devils. Founding members of the ELF in 2021 the Hamburg Sea Devils took the name of a previous team called Hamburg Sea Devils in the NFL Europe League from 2005-2007.

60. Panthers Wroclaw were originally members of the Polish League of American Football before joining the ELF in 2021.

61. Leipzig Kings are an entirely new team in the ELF for 2021, although the name bears resemblance to the Monarchs name of the London / England team of the WLAF (1991-1997) and NFL Europe League (1998).

62. Vienna Vikings are the first expansion team of the ELF for 2022, having previously been members of the Austrian Football League.

63. Raiders Tirol. The Innsbruck, Austria, team were previously members of the Austrian Football League before joining the ELF for 2022.

64. Istanbul Rams. The Turkish League team, founded in 2001, joined the ELF as an expansion team for 2022.

65. Rhein Fire. The Dusseldorf, Germany, based team are an expansion team for 2022 in the ELF, which takes the name of a previous team which played in the WLAF (1995-1997) and NFL Europe League (1998-2007).

66. Edmonton Elks. After controversy surrounding the Edmonton Eskimos name the Edmonton team retired the name Eskimos and chose the new name Elks for their team for the 2021 season.

Japan X-League Professionalism Era (2022)

67. Galgos Tijuana. An Expansion team of the LFA in Mexico, the “Greyhounds” are due to begin play in 2022.

68. All-Mitsubishi Lions. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

69. Elecom Kobe Finies. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

70. Fujitsu Frontiers. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

71. IBM Big Blue. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

72. Nojima Sagamihara Rise. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

73. Obic Seagulls. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

74. Panasonic Impulse. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

75. Tokyo Gas Creators. One of the Japan X-League teams which has taken over sole lowndership of gthe “Rice Bowl” – the Japanese Super Bowl.

SEMI-PRO / WORLD SERIES OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL TEAM LOGOS

[1] Watertown Red and Black Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, March 19, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=127650949364653&set=a.127650922697989 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/162528647_127650956031319_8807331780508775606_n.jpg?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=C8VoqUvuoRkAX8Bc75-&tn=7uF7rGUPgPXI7zGG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=f2595ee56f528269d9dd6c187fa99ce6&oe=61C32C00 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

NFL TEAM LOGO REFERENCES

[1] Chris Creamer’s Sportslogos (2019) 7425_washington_redskins-primary_on_dark-1983 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/168/full/7425_washington_redskins-primary_on_dark-1983.png [Accessed 22 November 2021]

[2] Chris Creamer’s SportsLogos (2021) 581 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/186/full/581.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[3] SportsLogos (2021) y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/151/full/y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[4] SportsLogos (2021) n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/149/full/n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[5] SportsLogos (2021) 7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/150/full/7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[6] SportsLogos (2021) 9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/152/full/9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[8] SportsLogos (2021) 960 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/167/full/960.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[9] SportsLogos (2021) 406 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/165/full/406.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[10] SportsLogos (2021) 919 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/166/full/919.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[11] SportsLogos (2021) 970 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/156/full/970.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[12] SportsLogos (2021) 318 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/153/full/318.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[13] SportsLogos (2021) 7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/155/full/7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[15] SportsLogos (2021) dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/171/full/dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[16] SportsLogos (2021) 364 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/169/full/364.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[17] SportsLogos (2021) 1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/170/full/1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[19] SportsLogos (2021) 593 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/158/full/593.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[20] SportsLogos (2021) 1053 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/160/full/1053.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[21] SportsLogos (2021) 570 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/157/full/570.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[23] SportsLogos (2021) 299 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/173/full/299.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[24] SportsLogos (2021) 907 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/175/full/907.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[26] SportsLogos (2021) 8f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/174/full/f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[27] SportsLogos (2021) 9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/161/full/9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[28] SportsLogos (2021) 857 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/162/full/857.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[33] SportsLogos (2021) pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/180/full/pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[34] SportsLogos (2021) kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/177/full/kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

CFL TEAM LOGOS REFERENCES

[1] Chris Creamer’s Sportslogos (2019) edmonton_eskimos_logo_primary_19987020 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/93/full/edmonton_eskimos_logo_primary_19987020.png [Accessed 22 November 2021]

[2] David Burnett to A Football World Discussion Group Facebook (2021) Post to Page, October 27, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10223294722629561&set=gm.1008333219949031 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/247859990_10223294722589560_7128872716997977271_n.jpg?_nc_cat=102&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=825194&_nc_ohc=tQlu7Zz9TGoAX9PiYqG&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=3b02a54c6ac6522bc2b9c2fa2a35c25f&oe=61A00B91 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[3] Sports Logos (2021) 8827_bc_lions-primary-2016 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/91/full/8827_bc_lions-primary-2016.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[8] Sports Logos (2021) 6242 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/94/full/6242.gif [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[9] Sports Logos (2021) 4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/99/full/4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

LFA TEAM LOGOS REFERENCES

[1] Condors LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, March 5, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/CondorsLFA/photos/a.849000958532449/3650845258347991/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/156170347_3650845261681324_1343936098449651172_n.jpg?_nc_cat=108&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=Off9afsir7EAX-eTVa5&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=f04cd67af1934cde5fc69f4926d00448&oe=61C2AF22 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[3] Raptors LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 5, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/RaptorsLFA/photos/a.208212012844821/1597088927290449 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/253731409_1597088923957116_2180559504148918797_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&_nc_rgb565=1&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=yEYkH6g72yYAX-7NLr7&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=9adac1a0cf5bc5cdf94a6e4bb25fce68&oe=61A0089A ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[4] Mexicas LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/MexicasLFA/photos/a.1014327461963314/4687022084693815 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/251123045_4687022081360482_3247634362025467080_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=OoUZYU6nZycAX82rjsY&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=ad2fe97e3b32c3ac9dcdb1129875a488&oe=619FAB45 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[5] Dinos LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, February 1, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/DinosLFA/photos/a.1098375663531454/3637578546277807/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/145511336_3637578549611140_188757273752279880_n.jpg?_nc_cat=103&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=gSWRy8aB7dIAX8l8_-A&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=9500539ff6b65410d5e5042bddb44625&oe=61BFF0C5 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[6] Fundidores LFA Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 16, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=284974656970640&set=a.118343776967063 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/256036343_284974650303974_2647505166117146873_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=b-G_cXZObkQAX_tB02t&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=aee3e57bf4fc4eae3a384a9ce5050a0c&oe=61A08B97 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[9] Pioneros de Queretaro Facebook (2019) Profile Picture, March 13, 2019 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PionerosQueretaro/photos/a.312818059325778/356245418316375 [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/53921531_356245421649708_1781715436979617792_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=174925&_nc_ohc=Dn0vvddghZ8AX-9UYuM&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=1ba917a778991792f7ce39c7764ddb48&oe=61BF9309 ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

[10] Galgos Facebook (2021) Profile Picture, November 17, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/galgoslfa/photos/a.108310031666817/112983941199426/ [Accessed 22 November 2021][Actual Logo Reference at: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t39.30808-6/252761059_112983937866093_8472956443678492315_n.jpg?_nc_cat=105&ccb=1-5&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=NANmTB6vq5AAX-zWa67&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=b0f23b6874891577c5faf26db30252bf&oe=61A114EC ][Accessed 22 November 2021]

ELF TEAM LOGOS REFERENCES

[1] Barcelona Dragons Facebook (2021)Profile Picture: March 24, 2021: 164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164100830_143302991038424_6685619488922431445_n.jpg?_nc_cat=104&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=7nF5AhntfsEAX9glptP&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=a430079a20cfb0956dd3ea5a7c8db22e&oe=61316F91 [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[2] Panthers Wroclaw Fabecook (2021) profile Picture September 20, 2013 1235513_483738095055993_896136457_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/PanthersWroclaw/photos/a.483738081722661/483738095055993/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[3] Hamburg Sea Devils Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 9, 2021: 159505975_122355319823281_3096303558860788527_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/HamburgSeaDevils/photos/a.106420621416751/122355316489948 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[4] Stuttgart Surge Facebook (2021) Profile Picture July 27, 2021: 224860379_157740426432198_682630597869113461_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/StuttgartSurgeFootball/photos/a.101150422091199/157740416432199/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[5] Leipzig Kings Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 23, 2021 176481610_124322863083112_5924150060350890678_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/105240348324697/photos/a.105240374991361/124322859749779 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[6] Cologne Centurions Facebook (2021) Profile Picture March 22, 2021 164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n [Internet] Available from: https://scontent-dub4-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.6435-9/164225775_104312295086165_3866117950552195047_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&ccb=1-4&_nc_sid=09cbfe&_nc_ohc=q-FxP6s2FecAX8leJ2f&_nc_ht=scontent-dub4-1.xx&oh=b85f562fcd7282fd92b580c46312ec3d&oe=61329D2C [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[7] Frankfurt Galaxy Facebook (2021) Profile Picture April 18, 2021 175159880_127159659432418_8771340701865027771_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/frankfurtgalaxy21/photos/a.100834638731587/127159656099085 [Accessed 6 August 2021]

[8] Berlin Thunder Facebook (2021) Profile Picture May 6, 2021 182443261_131030875743347_4880774321224305568_n [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/BER.Thunder/photos/a.106909338155501/131030872410014/ [Accessed 6 August 2021]

JXL TEAM LOGOS REFERENCES

[1] X-League (2021) fujitsu [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/fujitsu.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[2] X-League (2021) obic [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/obic.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[3] X-League (2021) impulse [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/impulse.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) elecom [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/elecom.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) ibm [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/ibm.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) tokyogas [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/tokyogas.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[7] X-League (2021) hel-lions [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/hel-lions.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[8] X-League (2021) rise [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/rise.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

NFL WEBSITE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

WEBSITES

[2] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) American Football League Standings (1936-37) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/american-football-league-standings-1936-37/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

[3] Bob Gill, The Coffin Corner, Pro Football Researchers Association (1989) Back Before Bengalmania – Cincinnati’s First Brush with the Big Time – [Internet] Available from: http://profootballresearchers.com/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/11-05-379.pdf [Accessed 9 October 2018]

[4] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1938 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1938.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[5] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1939 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1939.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[6] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) American Football League (1940-1941) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/american-football-league-1940-1941/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

[7] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) All-America Football Conference (AAFC) Standings (1946-1949) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/all-america-football-conference-aafc-standings-1946-1949/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

CFL WEBSITES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia Historical Highlights pg. 1-2. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

WEBSITES

[2] Canadian Football League (2019) Welcome to the new online home of the Atlantic Schooners [Internet] Available from: https://www.cfl.ca/2019/03/22/welcome-new-online-home-atlantic-schooners/ [Accessed 6 March 2020]

IMAGES

[3] Pinterest (2019) Canadian Football League Logo (2003-2015) [Internet] Available from: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a0/b4/41/a0b441a47f1f1b851d8a46b3412fe91a.png [Accessed 10 March 2019]

LFA MEXICO WEBSITE REFERENCES

WEBSITES

[2] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

[3] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[4] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[5] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[6] American Football International (2016) Mayas Win First Liga de Football Americano Championship Game In Mexico [Internet] available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/mayas-win-first-liga-de-futboll-americano-championship-game-mexico/ [accessed 5 August 2018]

[7] LFA Mexico (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 15 April 2019]

[8] LFA Mexico (2019) Calendario [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario/[Accessed 13 May 2019]

WEB ARCHIVE

[9] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20161106181310/http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

IMAGES

[10] Brands of the World (2018) LFA Logo [Internet] Available from: https://botw-pd.s3.amazonaws.com/styles/logo-thumbnail/s3/012017/untitled-1_0.jpg?itok=is8COLAV [Accessed 1 August 2018]

WEBSITES

[11] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings-lfa-2020/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

[12] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario-lfa-2020/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

[13] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) #ESTOES LFA [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

[14] Liga Football Americano Mexico / Cinthiya Garcia (2021) A postponement that hurts, but it’s for everyone’s sake [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/una-postergacion-que-duele-pero-es-por-el-bien-de-todos/ [Accessed 18 May 2021]

ELF WEBSITE REFERENCES

[1] European League of Football Facebook Page (2021) Profile Picture, February 4, 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.facebook.com/europeanleagueoffootball/photos/a.100150555247238/159345569327736/ [Accessed 27 April 2021]

[2] American Football International (2020) Pro football returns to Europe: European League of Football kicks off in 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootballinternational.com/pro-football-returns-to-europe-european-league-of-football-kicks-off-in-2021/ [Accessed 5 November 2020]

[3] Mailchimp ELF (2021) European League of Football Season Schedule 2021 [Internet] Available from: https://mailchi.mp/468f778ac192/european-league-of-league-of-football-season-schedule-2021?e=8720ab58ac [Accessed 20 April 2021]

[5] European League of Football (2021) Stats [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/stats [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[6] European League of Football (2021) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/schedule [Accessed 11 July 2021]

JAPAN X-LEAGUE WEBSITE REFERENCES

IMAGES

[1] X-League (2020) logo_xleague [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/logo_xleague.jpg [Accessed 7 March 2021]

STANDINGS

[2] X-League (2021) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/standing [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[3] X-League (2021) Score [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/score [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 1[Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-1 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 2 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-2 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 3 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-3 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 4[Internet] Available from:https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-4 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 5 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-5 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 6 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-6 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[7] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 7[Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-7 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Richard Mulcahy, Dervla Mulcahy, Nora Mulcahy, Declan Mulcahy, Conor Conolly-Mulcahy, Dara Conolly-Mulcahy, Orla Conolly-Mulcahy, Aodhan Conolly-Mulcahy, Aedamar Kincaid, Isabella Kincaid, Fiona Conolly, Colm Kincaid.

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 22 November 2021

November 22, 2021October 29, 2023

Professional Gridiron Football Teams Organized by Name Type 1896-2021

Animal Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Animal Names)

Pos	Team	Year
1	Arizona Cardinals	1898
2	Chicago Bears	1922
3	Calgary Stampeders	1945
4	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	1950
5	British Columbia Lions	1954
6	Atlanta Falcons	1966
7	Carolina Panthers	1996
7	Montreal Alouettes	1996
9	Baltimore Ravens	1999
10	Gallos Negros Querétaro	2016
10	Raptors Edomex	2016
12	Dinos Saltillo	2017
13	Osos Toluca	2018
14	All-Mitsubishi Lions	2021
14	Edmonton Elks	2021
14	Obic Seagulls	2021
17	Galgos Tijuana	2022

Human Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Human Names)

Pos	Team	Year
1	Toronto Argonauts	1873
2	Edmonton Eskimos	1938
3	Saskatchewan Roughriders	1946
4	Buffalo Bills	1960
4	Dallas Cowboys	1960
4	Houston Oilers	1960
7	Mayas	2016
8	Fundidores Nuevo León	2017
8	Mexicas CDMX	2017
10	Artilleros Puebla	2018
11	Pioneros Querétaro	2019

Mechanical Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Merchanical Names)

Pos	Team	Year
1	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	1936
2	Atlantic Schooners	1982
3	IBM Big Blue	2021

Colour Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Colour Names)

Pos	Team	Year
1	Watertown Red and Black	1896
2	Ottawa REDBLACKS	2014

Geographical Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Geographical Names)

Pos	Team	Year
0	Fujitsu Frontiers	2021
0	Nojima Sagamihara Rise	2021

Creative Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Creative Names)

Pos	Team	Year
0	Elecom Kobe Finies	2021
0	Panasonic Impulse	2021

Cryptozoological Names

Professional Gridiron Football Teams (Cryptozoological Names)

Pos	Team	Year
0	Tokyo Gas Creators	2021

Report

Professional Gridiron Teams have used a variety of team names since the Watertown Red and Black appeared in the World Series of Professional Football (1902-1903). Watertown are still in existence, but the New Jersey teams choice of a color name is rare in Professional Football – only the Cleveland Browns (NFL) and Ottawa REDBLACKS (CFL) employ such names other than Watertown.

By far the most popular names are Animals and Humans. Animals were employed first in the NFL (National Football League, USA) by Chicago Cardinals in 1920, and subsequently by teams such as the Chicago Bears, Philadelphia Eagles, Los Angeles Rams and others down to the present day where the newest Professional Franchise, Galgos Tijuana of the Liga Football Americano (Mexico), which translates as Greyhounds.

Human names for teams have been employed since the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian football League made an appearance in 1873. The Green Bay Packers were sponsored by the ACME Packing company in Wisconsin in 1919 (they joined the NFL in 1921). Popular variations on warfaring people (Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Las Vegas Raiders) have appeared since along with working-class jobs (Houston Oilers, Pittsburgh Steelers) and names for Native (Indigenous) people (Washington Redskins, Edmonton Eskimos, Mexicas CDMX, Mayas).

Less popular so far are Mechanical names, such as the names of vehicles (Winnipeg Blue Bombers, New York Jets, Atlantic Schooners) and the Computer at the Headquarters of IBM: Big Blue. Also less popular so far are Geographical names and the names and the names of Natural Phenomena. so far we have Los Angeles Chargers, Berlin Thunder, Frankfurt Galaxy, Stuttgart Surge, Rhein Fire, Fujitsu Frontiers and Nojima Sagamihara Rise (Suunrise). Then there are Creative Names (Panasonic Impulse and Elecom Kobe Finies) and the Names of Cryptozoological Creatues or Gods whose existence evidence has not been found yet: Barcelona Dragons, Hamburg Sea Devils and Tokyo Gas Creators.

Semi-Pro / World Series of Professional Football Team Logos

NFL Team Logo References

[2] Chris Creamer’s SportsLogos (2021) 581 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/186/full/581.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[3] SportsLogos (2021) y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/151/full/y71myf8mlwlk8lbgagh3fd5e0.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[4] SportsLogos (2021) n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/149/full/n0fd1z6xmhigb0eej3323ebwq.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[5] SportsLogos (2021) 7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/150/full/7306_miami_dolphins-primary-2018.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[6] SportsLogos (2021) 9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/152/full/9116_new_york_jets-primary-2019.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[8] SportsLogos (2021) 960 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/167/full/960.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[9] SportsLogos (2021) 406 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/165/full/406.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[10] SportsLogos (2021) 919 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/166/full/919.gif [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[11] SportsLogos (2021) 970 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/156/full/970.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[12] SportsLogos (2021) 318 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/153/full/318.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[13] SportsLogos (2021) 7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/155/full/7855_cleveland_browns-primary-2015.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[15] SportsLogos (2021) dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/171/full/dcy03myfhffbki5d7il3.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[16] SportsLogos (2021) 364 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/169/full/364.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[17] SportsLogos (2021) 1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/170/full/1398_detroit_lions-primary-2017.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[19] SportsLogos (2021) 593 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/158/full/593.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[20] SportsLogos (2021) 1053 [Internet] Available from:https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/160/full/1053.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[21] SportsLogos (2021) 570 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/157/full/570.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[23] SportsLogos (2021) 299 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/173/full/299.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[24] SportsLogos (2021) 907 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/175/full/907.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[26] SportsLogos (2021) 8f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/174/full/f1wggq2k8ql88fe33jzhw641u.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[27] SportsLogos (2021) 9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/161/full/9ebzja2zfeigaziee8y605aqp.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[28] SportsLogos (2021) 857 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/162/full/857.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

[33] SportsLogos (2021) pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/180/full/pfiobtreaq7j0pzvadktsc6jv.png %5BAccessed 3 August 2021]

[34] SportsLogos (2021) kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/7/177/full/kwth8f1cfa2sch5xhjjfaof90.png [Accessed 3 August 2021]

CFL Team Logos References

[3] Sports Logos (2021) 8827_bc_lions-primary-2016 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/91/full/8827_bc_lions-primary-2016.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[8] Sports Logos (2021) 6242 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/94/full/6242.gif [Accessed 31 July 2021]

[9] Sports Logos (2021) 4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021 [Internet] Available from: https://content.sportslogos.net/logos/8/99/full/4816_toronto_argonauts-primary-2021.png [Accessed 31 July 2021]

LFA Team Logos References

ELF Team Logos References

JXL Team Logos References

[1] X-League (2021) fujitsu [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/fujitsu.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[2] X-League (2021) obic [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/obic.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[3] X-League (2021) impulse [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/impulse.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) elecom [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/elecom.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) ibm [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/ibm.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) tokyogas [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/tokyogas.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[7] X-League (2021) hel-lions [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/hel-lions.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[8] X-League (2021) rise [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/team/icon/rise.png [Accessed 4 August 2021]

NFL Website and Bibliography REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 350-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

WEBSITES

[4] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1938 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1938.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[5] Pro Football Archives (2019) 1939 | American Football League [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1939.html [Accessed 12 October 2019]

[6] Pro Football Hall of Fame (2005) American Football League (1940-1941) [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballhof.com/news/american-football-league-1940-1941/ [Accessed 5 June 2017]

CFL Websites And Bibliography References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] Maher, Todd & Gill, Bob (2013) Canadian Pro Football Encyclopedia Historical Highlights pg. 1-2. Maher Sports Media, 2013.

WEBSITES

IMAGES

[3] Pinterest (2019) Canadian Football League Logo (2003-2015) [Internet] Available from: https://i.pinimg.com/originals/a0/b4/41/a0b441a47f1f1b851d8a46b3412fe91a.png [Accessed 10 March 2019]

LFA Mexico Website References

WEBSITES

[2] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

[3] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[4] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[5] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[7] LFA Mexico (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 15 April 2019]

[8] LFA Mexico (2019) Calendario [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario/[Accessed 13 May 2019]

WEB ARCHIVE

[9] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20161106181310/http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

IMAGES

[10] Brands of the World (2018) LFA Logo [Internet] Available from: https://botw-pd.s3.amazonaws.com/styles/logo-thumbnail/s3/012017/untitled-1_0.jpg?itok=is8COLAV [Accessed 1 August 2018]

WEBSITES

[11] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings-lfa-2020/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

[12] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario-lfa-2020/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

[13] Liga Football Americano Mexico (2020) #ESTOES LFA [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/ [Accessed 17 April 2020]

ELF WEBSITE References

[5] European League of Football (2021) Stats [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/stats [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[6] European League of Football (2021) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/schedule [Accessed 11 July 2021]

Japan X-League Website References

IMAGES

[1] X-League (2020) logo_xleague [Internet] Available from: https://s3-ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com/xleague/images/logo_xleague.jpg [Accessed 7 March 2021]

STANDINGS

[2] X-League (2021) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/standing [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[3] X-League (2021) Score [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/score [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 1[Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-1 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 2 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-2 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 3 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-3 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[4] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 4[Internet] Available from:https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-4 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[5] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 5 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-5 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[6] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 6 [Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-6 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

[7] X-League (2021) Schedule / Results Section 7[Internet] Available from: https://xleague.jp/schedule/2021/2021-x1-super-autumn-7 [Accessed 4 August 2021]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 22 November 2021

November 18, 2021October 29, 2023

Is the NFL retracing History? – Connections between NFL team names and Alphanumerical signs in Ancient Sumer & Egypt

Signs and their Meaning in Ancient Sumer & Possible link with NFL teams

Order	Sign/Symbol Meaning	NFL Team	Year Started	Explanation
A	Bird	Arizona Cardinals	1898	Cardinal Bird
B	Reed	Watertown Red & Blacks	1896 / 1913	Based in New Jersey, the Garden State, the Red & Blacks still exist in a New York / New Jersey Metro League and played in the first World Series of Professional Football in 1902-1903
C	Head, Chief, Summit, Thigh	Green Bay Packers	1919	Packers fans are known as Cheeseheads because they wear foam Cheese Hats on their head in honour of the State of Wisconsin’s Dairy fame.
D	Haunch	Chicago Bears	1920 / 1922	Unknown Link
E	Penis, Fertilise	New York Giants	1924	Leaders in the Ancient World were often portrayed as Giants and erected Giant Pillars in their own honour recognising their own great feats
F	Pubis, Woman	Detroit Lions	1928	Unknown Link
G	Palm Tree, Date	Washington Redskins / Football Team	1932	Unknown Link
H	Mountain, Foreign Land	Pittsburgh Steelers	1933 / 1935	based in Coal mining Region of Appalachian Mountains in Pennsylvania
I	Eye – To look	Philadelphia Eagles	1933	Eagle-Eyed is an expression meaning to spot detail
J	Fountain, Well, Water-Butt	Los Angeles Rams	1936	Rams drink from water-butts
K	Water or Stream	San Francisco 49ers	1946	49ers references the California Goldrush of 1849, and the Gold-prospecting which took place in streams.
L	Fish	Indianapolis Colts	1946 / 1953	The Fish is often associated with the Occult, and also the horseshoe, the logo on the Colts helmet
M	Hand, Fist	Cleveland Browns	1946 / 1999	Paws: The Bulldog is a Logo of the Cleveland Browns

Writing of Ancient Sumer and their possible connection to NFL teams of 1920-1953

Numbers and their Meaning in Ancient Egypt and their Connection to AFL-era Teams of 1960s

Number	Meaning	AFL / NFL Team	Year Started	Explanation
1	Harpoon, Sun, Moon	Dallas Texans / Kansas City Chiefs	1960	A Harpoon is like an Arrowhead, the logo of the Kansas City Chiefs. The Sun is often linked with Texas. The KC Chiefs were originally the Dallas Texans
2	Sun & Moon	Denver Broncos	1960	Big Sky is often a name used to describe the breathtaking scenery of the Rocky Mountains.
3	3 Harpoons	San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers	1960	San Diego is a Naval Port
4	Jubilaeum	New Jork Titans / Jets	1960	There is no known explanation for Jubilaeum
5	5-point Star	Dallas Cowboys	1960	The Cowboys logo is a 5-point star in honour of the “Lone Star State” – Texas
6	1 plus Star	Buffalo Bills	1960	Unknown Link
7	Human Head	Minnesota Vikings	1960 / 1961	The head has 7 orifices: 2 eyes, 2 ears, 2 nostrils and one mouth – The Vikings logo is two horns, making the helmet look like an ancient Viking helmet. The Vikings used to cut off enemy heads and place them in defensive walls to warn off enemies
8	Ibis	Boston / New England Patriots	1960	Ibis is a bird incarnation of the God Thot – divinity of the City of Hermopolis – old name “Khmnw” which means City of Eight – Boston is associated with seafaring – the wheel used to steer vessels is divided by eight spokes, as represented in another Boston teams’ logo: Boston Bruins of the NHL
9	To Shine / Scythe	Oakland / Las Vegas Raiders	1960	The Raiders are also known as the Silver & Black for the colour of their uniforms and helmet.
10	Falcon	Atlanta Falcons	1966	The God Horus is represented by the Falcon. The Falcon represented number 10 in Ancient Egyptian numbers as Horus was the first added to the original 9 deities of Heliopolis.

Egyptian Numbers and Meaning and their links to AFL-era NFL teams of 1960s.

Report

The possibility that the NFL (National Football League) has been re-tracing Human History is explored here. The earliest Human Civilization: Sumer in Ancient Iraq, had for instance a Bird symbol as its first, correlating to the Cardinals, the first NFL team. The Reed is the second Pictograph (Symbol) and could correspond to the Watertown Red & Blacks of New Jersey (the Garden State) who played in first World Series of Professional Football in 1902 to 1903. Other links are the eighth Pictograph, meaning Mountain or Foreign Land, corresponding to the Pittsburgh Steelers, based in Coal-Mining region of the Appalachian Mountains in Western Pennsylvania. San Francisco 49ers are represented by the 11th Pictograph, representing Water or stream, which correlates with the Goldrush of 1849 with the Prospectors mining for gold in streams. Philadelphia Eagles, the ninth team including the Watertown Red & Blacks could be represented by the ninth symbol in Ancient Sumer: I, an eye or to look. Eagle-Eyed is an expression used to describe a person who can pick out fine detail.

The Second Civilization, Ancient Egypt includes a five-point star for the number five, corresponding to the Dallas Cowboys and their Lone Star State logo. Other representations include the number one represented by a harpoon, sun and moon, which could be linked to the Kansas City Chiefs and their Arrowhead logo. Number seven is represented by a Human Head, which links well with the Vikings and their use of decapitated heads placed in defensive walls to warn off invaders. The God Horus was the first added to the original nine deities of the city of Heliopolis and thus represents the number 10. He is often represented by the Falcon.

Royalty-free stock illustration ID: 1037358988

Egyptian God Horus Statue Isolated. 3D rendering

Egyptian God Horus – represented by the Falcon.

By Nerthuz

References

[1] George Ifram (1994; 1998) “Numbers of Sumer: Fig. 8.3: Pictogram of Ancient Sumerian Writing” Universal History of Numbers. pg 78 Harvill Press, London.

[1] George Ifram (1994; 1998) “The Numbers of Ancient Egypt” Universal History of Numbers. pg 176-177. Harvill Press, London.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Professor Simon H. Perry and Richard D. Mulcahy.

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 18 November 2021

August 23, 2021October 29, 2023

NFL, CFL, LFAM and NFLE Team Timeline 1873-2021

Team Name, League and Home Stadium Changes 1873-2021

Years	Team (Stadium)	League	Notes
	WORLD SERIES OF FOOTBALL ERA (1873-1903)
1873-1882	Toronto Argonauts	Independent	Joined ORFU
1883-1906	Toronto Argonauts	ORFU	Joined IRFU
1896-1901	Watertown Athletic Association	Independent	Changed Name to Red & Blacks
1896-1906	Ottawa Rough Riders	ORFU	Joined IRFU
1898-1919	Rochester Jeffersons	Independent	Joined APFA
1898-????	Morgan Athletic Club	Independent	Changed Name to Normals
????-????	Normals	Independent	Changed Name to Racine Cardinals
????-1920	Racine Cardinals	Independent	Joined APFA and Changed Name to Chicago
1902	Philadelphia Athletics	NFL *	First attempt at a National Professional League
1902	Philadelphia Phillies	NFL *	First attempt at a National Professional League
1902	Pittsburgh Stars	NFL *	First attempt at a National Professional League
1902	New York	WSF	Made up of Philadelphia Athletics and Phillies players
1902	New York Knickerbockers	WSF	New York City representatives
1902	Syracuse Athletic Club	WSF	Upstate New York representatives
1902	Warlow Athletic Club	WSF	New Jersey representatives
1902	Orange Athletic Club	WSF	New Jersey representatives
1903	Franklin Athletic Club	WSF	Pennsylvania representatives
1903	Oreos Athletic Club (Asbury Park)	WSF	New York -New Jersey representatives
1903-1915	Watertown Red and Blacks	WSF	Upstate New York representatives- joined NYPFL in 1916
1903	Orange Athletic Club	WSF	New Jersey representatives
	OHIO FOOTBALL LEAGUE ERA (1904-1919)
1904-1918	Akron Pros	OL	Founder member of APFA in 1919
1904-1919	Muncie Flyers	Indiana	Joined APFA in 1920
1905-1918	Canton Bulldogs	OL	Founder member of APFA in 1919
1905-1920	Minneapolis Marines	Minnesota	Joined APFA in 1921
1906-1907	Calgary City RFC		Changed Name to Calgary Tigers
1907-1924	Ottawa Rough Riders	IRFU	Changed Name to Ottawa Senators
1907-1940	Toronto Argonauts	IRFU	Joined ECRFU
1907	Edmonton RFC		Changed Name to Edmonton Esquimaux
1908-1929	Calgary Tigers		Changed Name to Calgary Altomah-Tigers
1908-1909	Edmonton Esquimaux		Changed Name to Edmonton Eskimos
1910-1921	Toledo Maroons	OL	Joined NFL in 1922
1911-1921	Youngstown Patricians	Independent	Claimed World Championship in 1915. Joined NFL in 1922
1912-1920	Cincinnati Celts	OL	Joined APFA in 1921
1916-1918	Dayton Triangles	OL	Founder members of APFA in 1919
1916-1968	Watertown Red and Black	NYPFL	Joined EFL in 1969
1917	Chicago	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	New York	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	Detroit	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	Pittsburgh	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	Indianapolis	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	Cleveland	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1917	Columbus	PFL	Second attempt at a National Pro League – never started
1919	Green Bay Packers	Independent	Joined APFA in 1921
	AMERICAN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION ERA (1920-1922)
1920-1922	Akron Pros	APFA	Founder members of APFA; Changed Name to Akron Indians in 1923
1920-1926	Canton Bulldogs	APFA	Founder members of APFA; NFL reduced number of teams
1920	Cleveland Indians	APFA	Founder members of APFA; did not play
1920-1929	Dayton Triangles	APFA	Founder members of APFA
1920	Decatur Staleys	APFA	Became Chicago Staleys (APFA)
1920-1923	Buffalo All-Americans	APFA	replaced by Buffalo Bisons
1920-1928	Chicago Cardinals (Normal Park)	APFA	moved to Comiskey Park, Chicago
1920-1925	Rock Island Independents	APFA / NFL	Left NFL to join AFL
1920-1925	Rochester Jeffersons	APFA / NFL	Left NFL
1920	Detroit Heralds	APFA	replaced by Detroit Tigers
1920	Cleveland Tigers	APFA	replaced by Cleveland Indians
1920	Chicago Tigers	APFA	left NFL
1920-1926	Hammond Pros	APFA / NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1920-1922	Columbus Panhandles	APFA / NFL	replaced by Columbus Tigers
1920	Muncie Flyers	APFA	Left APFA
1921	Chicago Staleys	APFA	Changed Name to Chicaho Bears
1921-1922	Evansville Crimson Giants	APFA / NFL	Left NFL
1921-1932	Green Bay Packers	APFA / NFL	Joint Home in Green Bay and Milwaukee from 1933
1921	Cleveland Indians	APFA	Left APFA
1921	Washington Senators	APFA	Left APFA
1921	Cincinnati Celts	APFA	Left APFA
1921-1924	Minneapolis Marines	APFA / NFL	Left NFL
1921	Detroit Tigers	APFA	Left APFA
1921	Tonawanda Kardex	APFA	Left APFA
1921-1923	Louisville Brecks	APFA / NFL	Left NFL
1921	New York Giants	APFA	First Football team called Giants in New York; Left APFA
1922-1973	Chicago Bears	NFL	Played at Wrigley Field; moved to Soldier Field in 1974
1922-1923	Toledo Maroons	NFL	Moved tio Kenosha in 1924
1922-1924	Racine Legion	NFL	Left NFL after 1924
1922-1926	Milwaukee Badgers	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1922-1923	Oorang Indians	NFL	Native American Team sponsored by Oorang Dog Kennels – left NFL after 1923
	NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE EARLY ERA (1922-1929)		APFA renamed National Football League
1923-1929	Calgary 50th Battalion	WIFU	renamed Calgary Altomah-Tigers
1923-1925	Duluth Kelleys	NFL	Became Duluth Eskimos
1923-1926	Columbus Tigers	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1923	St. Louis All-Stars	NFL	Left NFL after 1923
1923-1926	Akron Indians	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1924-1947	Regina Roughriders	SRFU	Renamed Saskatchewan Roughriders
1924-1927	Cleveland Bulldogs	NFL	Left NFL after 1927
1924-1931	Frankford Yellow Jackets	NFL	Left NFL after 1931
1924-1925	Buffalo Bisons	NFL	replaced by Buffalo Rangers
1924-1926	Columbus Tigers	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1924	Kansas City Blues	NFL	replaced by Kansas City Cowboys
1924	Kenosha Maroons	NFL	moved to Pottsville
1925-1926	Ottawa Senators	ORFU	Changed Name Back to Ottawa Rough Riders
1925-1928	Pottsville Maroons	NFL	Left NFL
1925-1926	Detroit Panthers	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1925-1972	New York Giants	NFL	moved to New Haven, Connecticut in 1973
1925-1931	Providence Steam Roller	NFL	Left NFL
1925-1926	Kansas City Cowboys	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1926	Los Angeles Buccaneers	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1926-1927	Duluth Eskimos	NFL	Left NFL
1926	Buffalo Rangers	NFL	Renamed Buffalo Bisons
1926	Hartford Blues	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1926	Brooklyn Lions	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1926	Racine Tornadoes	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams
1926	Louisville Colonels	NFL	NFL reduced number of teams

1927-1955	Ottawa Rough Riders	ORFU	Founder membder of Canadian Football Council
1927-1928	New York Yankees	NFL	replaced by NY Yankees teanm in AFL
1928	Detroit Wolverines	NFL	Left NFL
1929	Boston Bulldogs	NFL	Left NFL
1929	Chicago Cardinals	NFL	played at Comiskey Field, Chicago; moved to St. Louis
1929-1930	Minneapolis Red Jackets	NFL	Left NFL
1929	Orange Tornadoes	NFL	moved to Newark, NJ
1929-1932	Staten Island Stapletons	NFL	Left NFL
	NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE CHAMPIONSHIP ERA (1930-1942)
1930-1931	Calgary Altomah-Tigers	WIFU	Renamed Calgary Altomahs
1930-1935	Winnipegs RFC	MRFU	Renamed Winnipeg Blue Bombers
1930-1943	Brooklyn Dodgers	NFL	Renamed Brooklyn Tigers
1930	Newark Tornadoes	NFL	Left NFL
1931-1932	Portsmouth Spartans	NFL	moved to Detroit and renamed Lions
1931	Cleveland Indians	NFL	Left NFL
1932-1934	Calgary Altomahs	WIFU	renamed Calgary Bronks
1932	Boston Braves	NFL	renamed Boston Redskins
1933-1936	Boston Redskins	NFL	moved to Washington
1933-1934	Cincinnati Reds	NFL	Left NFL after 8 games in 1934
1933-1942; 1944-1970	Philadelphia Eagles	NFL	merged with Pittsburgh for one Season; moved to Veterans Stadium in 1971
1933-1940	Pittsburgh Pirates	NFL	renamed Pittsburgh Steelers
1933-1956	Green Bay Packers	NFL	shared home with Milwaukee; moved into Lambeau Field in 1957
1934-1974	Detroit Lions	NFL	moved into Pontiac Silverdome
1934	St. Louis Gunners	NFL	replaced Cincinnati Reds for last three games of season
1935-1944	Calgary Bronks	WIFU	renamed Calgary Stampeders
1936-1942	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	WIFU	renamed Winnipeg RCAF Bombers for WWII
1936	Cleveland Rams	AFL	joined NFL
1937-1945	Cleveland Rams	NFL	moved to Los Angeles
1937-1960	Washington Redskins	NFL	moved to RFK Stadium
1938-1955	Edmonton Eskimos	WIFU	Became founder members of the Canadian Football Council
1938	Philadelphia Eagles	NFL	played a home game in Johnstown, PA
1938	Pittsburgh Pirates	NFL	played a home game in Charlerston, WVA
1938	Philadelphias Eagles	NFL	played a home game in Buffalo, NY
1939	Pro All-Stars	NFL	played against NFL champions in Pro Bowl at Los Angeles
1940-1942	Hamilton Wildcats	ORFU	renamed Hamilton Flying Wildcats
1940-1941	NFL All-Stars	NFL	played against NFL Champions in Pro Bowl at Los Angeles
1940-1942; 1944-1969	Pittsburgh Steelers	NFL	merged with Philadelphias Eagles for one game in 1943; moved to AFC in 1970
1941-1955	Toronto Argonauts	ECRFU	became founder members of Canadian Football Council
1942	NFL All-Stars	NFL	played NFL Champions in Pro Bowl at New York
1942	Chicago Cardinals	NFL	played a game in Buffalo, NY
1942	NFL All-Stars	NFL	played NFL Champions in Pro Blowl at Philadelphia
	NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE WAR ERA (1943-1957)
1943-1947	Hamilton Flying Wildcats	ORFU	renamed Hamilton Wildcats
1943	Winnipeg RCAF Bombers	WIFU	renamed Winnipeg No. 3 Wireless School Bombers
1943	Phil-Pitt Steagles	NFL	Single season merger of Philadelphias Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers
1944	Winnipeg No. 3 Wireless Scholol Bombers	WSL	renamed back to Winnipeg Blue Bombers
1944	Boston Yanks	NFL	merged with New York
1944	Brooklyn Tigers	NFL	Joined AFL
1944	Card-Pitt	NFL	Single season merger of Chicago Casrdinals and Pittsburgh Steelers
1945	Boston-New York Yanks	NFL	renamed back Boston Yanks
1945-1948	Boston Yanks	NFL	moved to New York and renamed Bulldogs
1945	Montreal Hornets	IRFU	renamed Montreal Alouettes
1945	Calgary Stampeders	WIFU	Became founder members of Canadian Football Council
1946	Montreal Alouettes	IRFU	became founder members of Canadian Football Clouncil
1946-1979	Los Angles Rams	NFL	moved to Anaheim, Orange County, but remained named Los Angeles
1946-1949	Cleveland Browns	AAFC	Joined NFL
1946-1949	San Francisco 49ers	AAFC	Joined NFL
1947-1949	Baltimore Colts	AAFC	Joined NFL
1948-1955	Saskatchewan Roughriders	WIFU	Became Founder members of Canadian Football Council
1948-1949	Hamilton Wildcats	IRFU	Merged with Hamilton Tigers to form Hamilton Tiger-Cats
1949	New York Bulldogs	NFL	replaced by New York Yanks
1950	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	IRFU	Became Founder members of Canadian Football Council
1950	New York Yanks	NFL	replaced by Dallas Texans
1951-1953	American Conference	NFL	played National Conference in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles
1951-1953	National Conference	NFL	played American Conference in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles
1952	Dallas Texans	NFL	replaced by Baltimore Colts (NFL)
1953-1969	Baltimore Colts	NFL	moved to AFC
1954-1970	NFL East	NFL	played NFL West in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles
1954-1970	NFL West	NFL	played NFL East in Pro Bowl in Los Angeles
1954	British Columbia Lions	WIFU	Became founder members of Canadian Football Council
	AMERICAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE ERA (1956-1966)
1956	British Columbia Lions	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Calgary Stampeders	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Edmonton Eskimos	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Saskatchewan Roughriders	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Toronto Argonauts	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Ottawa Rough Riders	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1956	Montreal Alouettes	CFC	CFC renamed CFL in 1958
1957-present	Green Bay Packers	NFL	played at Lambeau Field.
1960-1962	Dallas Texans	AFL	moved to Kansas City and renamed Chiefs
1960-2000	Denver Broncos	AFL	moved into Sports Authority Field at Mile High
1960-1995	Houston Oilers	AFL	moved to Memphis and became Tennessee Oilers
1960	Los Angeles Chargers	AFL	moved to San Diego
1960-1962	New York Titans	AFL	renamed New York Jets
1960-1972	Buffalo Bills	AFL	moved to Orchard Park, NY, still named Buffalo Bills in 1973
1960-1970	Boston Patriots	AFL	renamed New England Patriots
1960-1970	Dallas Cowboys	NFL	played at Cotton Bowl, Dallas; moved to Texas Stadium, Irving, TX in 1971.
1960-1987	St. Louis Cardinals	NFL	moved to Phoenix, AZ
1960-1964	AFL East	AFL	played AFL West in AFL Pro Bowl at San Diego
1960-1964	AFL West	AFL	played AFL East in AFL Pro Bowl at San Diego
1961-2008	Minnesota Vikings	NFL	played at Metrodome, Minneapolis; moved to TCF Bank Stadium, Minneapolis in 2009
1961-2018	San Diego Chargers	AFL	moved to Los Angeles.
1961-1996	Washington Redskins (RFK Stadium)	NFL	moved to Landover, Maryland in 1997, remained Washington Redskins
1963-2071	Kansas City Chiefs	AFL	moved into Arrowhead Stadium, Kansas City in 1972
1963-1983	New York Jets	AFL	moved into Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 1984.
1965	AFL East	AFL	played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Houston, TX.
1965	AFL West	AFL	played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Houston, TX
1966	AFL All-Stars	AFL	played AFL Champions in Pro Bowl at Houston
1966-1991	Atlanta Falcons	NFL	moved into Georgia Dome, Atlanta, GA
1966-1986	Miami Dolphins	AFL	moved to Miami Gardens, FL, still named Miami Dolphins,.
1967	AFL East	AFL	played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Oakland
1967	AFL West	AFL	played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Oakland
	NFL SUPERBOWL ERA (1967-
1967-1974	New Orleans Saints	NFL	moved into Superdome, New Orleans in 1974
1968-1969	AFL East	AFL	played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Jacksonville, FL
1968-1969	AFL West	AFL	played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Jacksonville, FL
1968-1999	Cincinnati Bengals	AFL	moved into Paul Brown Stadium, Cincinnati
1969	Watertown Red and Black	EFL	joined Empire Football League from New York Professional Football League
1970	AFL East	AFL	played AFL West in Pro Bowl at Astrodome Houston, TX
1970	AFL West	AFL	played AFL East in Pro Bowl at Astrodome, Houston, TX
1970	Houston Oilers	NFL	moved into Astrodome, NFL
1970-2000	Pittsburgh Steelers	NFL (AFC)	Joined AFC in 1970; moved into Heinz Field, Pittsburgh in 2001
1970-1983	Baltimore Colts	NFL (AFC)	Joined AFC in 1970; moved to Indianapolis in 1984
1970-1995	Cleveland Browns	NFL (AFC)	Joined AFC in 1970; moved to Baltimore in 1996
1971-2001	New England Patriots	NFL	moved to Foxborough, MASS, in 2002
1971-2008	Dallas Cowboys (Irving, TX)	NFL	played at Cowboys Stadium, Irving, TX until they moved to Cowboys Stadium Arlington, TX, in 2009
1971-2001	Philadelphia Eagles (Veterans Stadium)	NFL	Team moved into Lincoln Financial Field’ Philadelphia in 2002
1972-2009	Kansas City Chiefs (Arrowhead)	NFL	moved into renovated Arrowhead Stadium in 2010
1973-1974	New York Giants (New Haven)	NFL	moved to Shea Stadium in 1975
1973	Buffalo Bills (Orchard Park)	NFL	played at nearby Orchard Park, NY)
1974-present	Chicago Bears	NFL	played at Soldier Field, Chicago.
1975-2001	Detroit Lions (Pontiac)	NFL	moved to Ford Field, Detroit, in 2002
1975-2004	New Orleans Saints (Superdome)	NFL	played games in San Antonio, TX and Baton Rouge, LA, in 2005
1975	New York Giants (Shea Stadium)	NFL	moved to Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 1976
1976-1977	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	NFL (AFC)	Joined NFC in 1978
1976-1977	Seattle Seahawks	NFL (NFC)	Joined AFC in 1978
1976-2009	New York Giants (East Rutherford, NJ)	NFL	moved into Met Life Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ, in 2010
1978-1997	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	NFL	moved into Raymond James Stadium, Tampa, FL, in 1978
1978-2001	Seattle Seahawks (Kingdome)	NFL	moved into Century Link Field, Renton, WA in 2002
1979-2013	NFC All-Stars (Honolulu)	NFL	Played AFC All-Stars in Pro Bowl inj Honolulu, HW
1979-2013	AFC All-Stars (Honolulu)	NFL	Played NFC All-Stars in Pro Bowl inj Honolulu, HW
1980-1994	Los Angeles Rams (Anaheim)	NFL	Moved to St. Louis, MI, in 1995
1982-1985	Montreal Concordes	CFL	Renamed Montreal Alouettes in 1986
1982-1994	Los Angeles Raiders	CFL	moved back to Oakland in 1995
1984-2007	Indianapolis Colts	NFL	moved into Lucas Oil Stadium, Indianapolis in 2008
1984-2009	New York Jets (East Rutherford, NJ)	NFL	moved into Met Life Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ in 2010
1986	Montreal Alouettes	CFL	folded after 1986
1987-present	Miami Dolphins (Miami Gardens, FL)	NFL
1988-1993	Phoenix Cardinals	NFL	moved into University of Phoenix Stadium, Glendale, AZ
	WORLD LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL ERA (1991-1995)
1991-1992	Barcelona Dragons	WLAF / NFLE	moved to Cologne, renamed Centurions 2004
1991-1992	Birmingham Fire	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1991-2007	Frankfurt Galaxy	WLAF / NFLE	NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season
1991-1997	London Monarchs	WLAF / NFLE	team renamed England Monarchs in 1998
1991-1992	Montreal Machine	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1991-1992	New York / New Jersey Knights	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1991-1992	Orlando Thunder	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1991	Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks	WLAF	moved to Columbus Ohio, in 1992, became Ohio Glory
1991-1992	Sacramento Surge	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1991-1992	San Antonio Riders	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1992	Ohio Glory (Columbus)	WLAF	NFL folded WLAF after 1992 season
1993-1994	Sacramento Gold Miners	CFL	folded after 1994
1994	Baltimore CFL Colts	CFL	changed name to Baltimore Football Team in 1995
1994-1995	Las Vegas Posse	CFL	folded after 1995
1994-1995	Shreveport Pirastes	CFL	folded after 1995
1994-2005	Arizona Cardinals (Glendale)	CFL	moved into University of Phoenix Stadium, Glendale, AZ in 2006
1995-2007	Amsterdam Admirals	WLAF / NFLE	NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season
1995-2007	Rhein Fire (Dusseldorf)	WLAF / NFLE	NFL folded NFL E after 2007 season
1995-1999	Scottish Claymores (Edinburgh)	WLAF / NFLE	renamed Scotland Claymores after move to Glasgow
1995	Baltimore Football Team	CFL South	played one game as Baltimore FT before renamed Baltimore Stallions
1995	Birmingham Barracudas	CFL South	folded after 1995
1995	Memphis Mad Dogs	CFL South	folded after 1995
1995	Baltimore Stallions	CFL South	moved to Montreal, renamed Alouettes in 1996
1995-present	British Columbia Lions	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Calgary Stampeders	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Edmonton Eskimos	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Saskatchewan Roughriders	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Winnipeg Blue Bombers	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Hamilton Tiger-Cats	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Toronto Argonauts	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-1998	Ottawa Rough Riders	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
1995-present	Montreal Alouettes	CFL North	CFL renamed CFL North 1995 for one season after addition of USA teams (CFL South)
	NFL EXPANSION ERA (1995-2002)
1995-present	Carolina Panthers (Charlotte, NC)	NFL
1995-present	Jacksonville Jaguars	NFL	played one game a year in London from 2013
1995-2018	St. Louis Rams	NFL	moved back to Los Angeles in 2019
1995-2019	Oakland Raiders	NFL	moved to Las Vegas, NV
1996-present	Baltimore Ravens	NFL
1997	Tennessee Oilers (Memphis)	NFL	played one season in Memphis before moving on to Nashville
1998	England Monarchs (Birmingham)	NFL	played part of season in Bristiol, ENG, before NFL moved team to Berlin, renamed them Thunder
1998	England Monarchs (Bristol)	NFL	played part of season in Bristiol, ENG, before NFL moved team to Berlin, renamed them Thunder
1998	Tennessee Oilers (Nashville)	NFL	played one season in Nashville as Oilers before renamed Tennessee Titans
1998	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	NFL	played at Raymond James Stadium, Tampa
1999-2007	Berlin Thunder	NFL	NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season
1999-present	Cleveland Browns	NFL	NFL gave Cleveland their team and Browns history backafter team moved to Baltimore in 1996.
1999-present	Tennessee Titans (Nashville)	NFL
2000-2004	Scotland Claymores (Glasgow)	NFLE	Team moved to Hamburg, GER, renamed Sea Devils in 2005
2000-present	Cincinnati Bengals	NFL	Team moved into Paul Brown Stadium in 2000
2001-present	Denver Broncos	NFL	Team moved into Sports Authority Field at Mile High in 2001
2001-present	Pittsburgh Steelers (Heinz Stadium)	NFL	Team moved into Heinz Stadium, Pittsburgh in 2001.
2002-2006	Ottawa Renegades	CFL	Folded after 2006 season
2002-present	Houston Texans	NFL	Expansion team to replace Houston Oilers
2002-present	New England Patriots (Foxborough)	NFL	Team moved into new Stadium in Foxborough, MASS in 2002
2002-present	Detroit Lions (Ford Field)	NFL	Team moved back to Detroit, at Ford Field in 2002
2002-present	Seattle Seahawks (Renton / Century Link)	NFL	Team moved into new Stadium at Century Link Field in 2002, and new Offices at Renton, WA.
2003-present	Philadelphia Eagles (Lincoln Financial)	NFL	Team moved into new Stadium at Lincoln Financial Field, Phialdelphia in 2003
2004-2007	Cologne Centurions	NFLE	NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season
2005-2007	Hamburg Sea Devils	NFLE	NFL folded NFLE after 2007 season
2005	New Orleans Saints (San Antonio)	NFL	Saints played part of 2005 season in San Antonio, TX after Hurricane Karina.
2005	New Orleans Saints (Baton Rouge)	NFL	Saints played part of 2005 season in Baton Rouge, LA, after Hurricane Katrina.
2005	Arizona Cardinals (Mexico City)	NFLI	Cardinals played one home game in Mexico City in 2005 as part of NFL International program.
2006	Arizona Cardinals (Glendale, AZ)	NFL	Cardinals moved into New University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona in 2006.
2007	Miami Dolphins (London, ENG)	NFLI	Dolphins played regular season games in London in 2007 and 2017 as part of the NFL International Series
2008	New Orleans Saints (London, ENG)	NFLI	Saints played regular season games in London in 2008 as part of the NFL International Series
2008-2013	Buffalo Bills (Toronto, CA)	NFLI	Bills played a home regular season game every year in Toronto as part of the NFL international Series from 2008-2013
	NFL INTERNATIONAL ERA (2009-2018)
2009	Dallas Cowboys (Arlington, TX)	NFL	Cowboys moved into a bnew Stadium, Cowboys Stadium, in Arlington, TX in 2009.
2009	Minnesota Vikings (TCF Bank Stadium)	NFL	Vikinmgs moved into TCF Bank Stadium, Minneapolis in 2009
2009	Tampa Bay Buccaneers (London, ENG)	NFLI	Buccaneers played home regular season games in London as part of the NFL International Series in 2009
2010	New York Giants (Met Life Stadium)	NFL	Giants moved into new Met Life Stadium home in East Ruherford, NJ in 2010
2010	New York Jets (Met Life Stadium)	NFL	Jets moved into new Met Life Stadium home in East Rutherford, NJ in 2010.
2010	Kansas City Chiefs (Arrowhead)	NFL	Chiefs moved into newly renovated Arrowhead Stadium in 2010.
2012	St. Louis Rams (London, ENG)	NFLI	Rams played home regular season games in London, England as part of the NFL International Series in 2012
2013	Jacksonville Jaguars (London, ENG)	NFLI	“Union Jags” played one home regular season game a year in London, England from 2013-2019 as part of the NFL International Series
2013	Minnesota Vikings (London, ENG)	NFLI	Vikings played a home regular seasion game in England in 2013 as part of the NFL International Serie
2014	Team Rice (Honolulu, HW)	NFL	Team Rice played Team Sanders in the NFL Pro Bowl in Hawaii from 2014
2014	Team Sanders (Honolulu, HW)	NFL	Team Sanders played Team Rice in the NFL Pro Bowl in Hawaii from 2014
2014	Ottawa REDBLACKS	CFL	latest attempt at replacing Rough Riders
2014	San Francisco 49ers (Santa Clara, CA)	NFL	49ers moved into a new home in Santa Clara, a suburb of San Jose in 2014
2014	Oakland Raiders (London, ENG)	NFLI	Raiders played a home regular season match in London, England in 2014 as part of the NFL International Series
2014	Atlanta Falcons (London, ENG)	NFLI	Falcons played a home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2014 as part of the NFL International Series
2015	Kansas City Chiefs (London, ENG)	NFLI	Chiefs played a home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2015 as part of the NFL International Series
2016	Condores CDMX	LFAM
2016	Eagles CDMX	LFAM	renamed Mexicas CDMX in 2017
2016	Mayas CDMX	LFAM	moved to Puebla in 2018
2016	Raptors Edomex	LFAM
2016	Cincinnati Bengals (London, ENG)	NFLI	Bengals played home regular season match in London, ENG, in 2016 as part of the NFL International Series
2016	Oakland Raiders (Mexico City, MX)	NFLI	Raiders played home regular season match in Mexico City in 2016 and 2017 as part of the NFL International Series
2017	Dinos Saltillo	LFAM
2017	Fundidores Monterrey	LFAM
2017	Mexicas CDMX	LFAM
2017	Cleveland Browns (London, ENG)	NFLI	Browns played home regular season match in London, ENG in 2017 as part of the NFL International Series
2018	Artilleros Puebla	LFAM
2018	Mayas	LFAM
2018	Osos Toluca	LFAM
2018	Los Angeles Rams	NFL	Rams moved back to Los Angeles in 2018
2018	Los Angeles Chargers	NFL	Chargers moved back to Los Angeles in 2018
2018	Los Angeles Chargers (London, ENG)	NFLI	Chargers played home regular season match in London, ENG in 2018 as part of the NFL International Series
2019	Pioneros Queretaro	LFAM
	NFL RENAMING ERA (2019-Present)
2019	Los Angeles Chargers (Mexico City, MX)	NFLI	Chargers played home regular season match in Mexico City in 2019 as part of the NFL International Series
2020	Las Vegas Raiders	NFL	Oakland Raiders moved into their present home in Las Vegas in 2020
2020	Edmonton Football Team	CFL	Edmonton Football Team renamed Elks in 2021
2020	Washington Football Team	NFL	Washington FT to be renamed in 2022
2021	Barcelona Dragons	ELF	resurrected team from NFLE
2021	Berlin Thunder	ELF	resurrected team from NFLE
2021	Cologne Centurions	ELF	resurrected team from NFLE
2021	Frankfurt Galaxy	ELF	resurrected team from NFLE
2021	Hamburg Sea Devils	ELF	resurrected team from NFLE
2021	Leipzig Kings	ELF	new team in European League of Football which borrows London Monarchs name and changes it slightly
2021	Panthers Wroclaw	ELF	Polish team which joined the European League of Football from the East European Super League
2021	Stuttgart Surge	ELF	German team which uses the old Sacramento Surge WLAF name
2021	Edmonton Elks	CFL	Current name of Team

[NFL, CFL, LFAM, NFLE names and Homes 1873-2021

Report

One thing about North American Professional Sports that strikes the reader in Europe, ins gthe regularity with which teams, move or change name or league. The above list is an attempt to provide an deasy and ready guide for Irish, British and European readers whjo are curious as to where teams once played and where they play now, from the Canadian Football League (1873 to present in its various forms), the World Series of Football (1902-1903), the first attempt at a National Football League in 1902, The American Professional Football Association (1920-1922), which was renamed the National Football League in 1923, through to the American Football League (1960-1969) which merged with the NFL in 1970, thus starting the Super Bowl bewtween the two Leagues, and on to the NFL Europe League which the NFL started as the World League of American Football in 1991 and lasted until 2007, to the NFL International Series (2005-2019) and from 2016 the Liga de Futbol Americano Mexico to the present-day renaming era.

REFERENCES

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] National Football League (2014) “Chronology of Professional Football” 2013 NFL Record & Fact Book. pg. 353

[2] Professional Football Researchers Association | Wayback Machine (2010) The Coffin Corner Annual Volume 2 (1980) The First Football World Series Experiment in the Garden https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053946/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/02-An-054.pdf [Accessed 20 May 2020

BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] National Football League (2014) “Chronology of Professional Football” 2013 NFL Record & Fact Book. pg. 353

WEBSITES

[1] Braunwart, Bob & Carroll, Bob (1981) The Coffin Corner (1981) Professional Football Researchers Association.3 (7) https://web.archive.org/web/20140822043543/http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/03-07-068.pdf [Accessed 20 July 2018]

[2] Pro Football Archives (2019) Bob Nash [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/playern/nash00200.html [Accessed 11 October 2019]

WEBSITES

[1] National Football League (2014) “Past Standings | 1920-1926” 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook” pg. 398-399. National football League, Time Home Entertainment. 2014.

[2] The Growth of a Game (2015) The Complete List of European NFL Players [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/2015/03/the-complete-list-of-european-nfl-players/ [Accessed 11 October 2019]

[3] Pro Football Archives (2019) Detroit Heralds 1920 [Internet] Available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920apfadet.html [Accessed 11 October 2019]

[4] Arizona Cardinals (2020) Schedule [1920] [Internet] Available from: https://www.azcardinals.com/schedule/1920/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[5] Marc S. Maltby, The Coffin Corner Vol. 14 No. 4, Pro Football Researchers Association (1992) Evansville 1920-1922: The Early Stuggles of Professional Football – [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/14-04-466.pdf [Accessed 18 September 2020]

[6] Arizona Cardinals | Wayback Machine (2009) All-Time Results [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20090914231608/http://www.azcardinals.com/history/all-time-results.html [Accessed 19 september 2020]

[7] Bob Carroll, The Coffin Corner Vol. 4 No. 12, Pro Football Researchers Association (1982) Akron Pros 1920 – [Internet] Available from: https://www.webcitation.org/65r52lUNU?url=http://www.profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/04-12-119.pdf Accessed 18 September 2020]

[8] Chicago Bears (2020) Schedule [1920] [Internet] available from: https://www.chicagobears.com/schedule/1920/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[10] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 4, 1920. Canton Trims Pitcairn Team [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2868%2C2793544 [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[11] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920. pg. 10 Canton Stops Toledo Eleven [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201011&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[12] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920. pg. 10 Panhandles lose to Akron [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201011&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[13] Google News: Toledo News-Bee, October 18, 1920. Canton beats Cleveland [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-u9XAAAAIBAJ&sjid=BEUNAAAAIBAJ&pg=4221%2C2532398 [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[14] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, October 25, 1920. pg. 11 Thorpe saves Canton Eleven with 2 Goals [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201025&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[15] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 1, 1920. pg. 15 Akron Takes Canton in Great Game [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MC1KAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_YUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3302%2C1526680 [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[16] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 22, 1920. pg. 15 Canton Downs Buffalo Team [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201122&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[17] Google News: The Sunday Chronicle, December 5, 1920. pg. 15 Tigers tame Thorpe’s Bulldogs [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aO9WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fkINAAAAIBAJ&pg=1212,1102615&dq=canton+bulldogs&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[18] NFL | WAyback Machine (2010) Thanksgiving serves up classic games [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20100410093827/http://www.nfl.com/thanksgiving/story?id=09000d5d8045a5e3&template=without-video&confirm=true [accessed 19 september 2020]

[19] New York Times December 5, 1920 All-Americans win Pro Gridiron Game [Internet] Available from: https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1920/12/05/102991292.pdf [acessed 19 september 2020] [See PDF]

[20] Pro Football Archives (2020) New Haven Washington Glees [Internet] available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920newhwa.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[21] Pro Football Archives (2020) Phoenixville Union AA [Internet] available from: https://www.profootballarchives.com/1920uni.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[22] Rochester Jeffersons (2020) 1920 Season {Internet] Available from: http://kencrippen.com/Jeffersons/1920_Rochester_Jeffersons.pdf [Accessed 19 September 2020][See PDF]

[23] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Summary [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-franchise-summary/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[24] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Summary [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-franchise-summary/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[25] Dayton Triangles (2020) Dayton APFA / NFL Clubs Official Games [Internet] Available from: https://daytontriangles.com/dayton-apfa-nfl-clubs-official-games-1920-1929/ [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[26] Bills Backers | Wayback Machine (2001) History of Pro football in Western New York 1920-1939 [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20010425091533/http://www.billsbackers.com/1920s.htm [accessed 19 September 2020]

[27] Sports Encyclopedia (2020) Muncie Flyers [Internet] Available from: https://sportsecyclopedia.com/nfl/muncie/flyers.html [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[28] Roy Sye, The Coffin Corner Vol. 24 No. 3, Pro Football Researchers Association (2002) Muncie Flyers 1920 – [Internet] Available from: http://www.profootballresearchers.org/archives/Website_Files/Coffin_Corner/24-03-937.pdf Accessed 18 September 2020]

[29] Google News: Toledo News-Bee, November 1, 1920 pg. 11. Brickley Boy Wins for Cleveland [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=k_8v9Q84L5sC&dat=19201101&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[30] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 29, 1920. pg. 15 Pat’s defeat Panhandles in last game [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201129&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[31] Case Western Reserve University (2020) Cleveland Tigers [Internet] Available from: https://case.edu/ech/articles/c/cleveland-tigers [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[32] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, November 15, 1920. pg. 15 Patricians defeat St. Edwards at Idora 10-0 [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=pqgf-8x9CmQC&dat=19201122&printsec=frontpage&hl=en [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[33] Detroit Free Press. October 11, 1920. p. 13. “Heralds Trim Panthers 40-14: Vogel, Cleveland Star Right Halfback, in Hospital From Injuries”.

[34] Detroit Free Press. October 18, 1920. p. 11. “FLUKY KICKS GIVE CHICAGO THE GAME: Detroit Heralds Lose Hard Fought Game, 12 to 0”.

[35] Detroit Free Press. October 25, 1920. p. 12. “Heralds Get Lonely Tally: Fitzgerald Intercepts Forward Pass, Runs 85 Yards to Beat Pan Handles; Local Team Plays Good Game as Do the Visitors; Big Crowd Out”.

[36] Detroit Free Press. November 1, 1920. p. 15. “HERALDS BEATEN BY LARGE SCORE: Three Blocked Punts Turn Detroit Team Back”.

[37] Detroit Free Press. November 15, 1920. p. 14. “Heralds Draw at Ft. Wayne”.

[38] Detroit Free Press. November 29, 1920. p. 11. “No Scoring in Title Battle: Neither Lansing Nor Champion Heralds Are Able to Tally on Muddy Gridiron; Visitors Outgain Locals but Long Forward Pass Almost Beats Them”.

[39] Detroit Free Press. December 6, 1920. p. 11. “EACH ELEVEN SCORES ONCE: Heralds and Maroons Go to 7-7 Tie on Muddy Grid Sunday Afternoon”.

[40] Rock Island Independents (2020) 1920 R.I. Independents [Read All About It][1920] [Internet] Available from: http://www.rockislandindependents.com/index_frame.htm [Accessed 18 September 2020]

[41] Decatur Staleys (2020) Staleys [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20050517205446/http://home.comcast.net/~esterneman/sternaman/football.htm [accessed 19 September 2020]

[42] Bob Carroll, The Coffin Corner Vol. 10 No. 4, Pro Football Researchers Association (1988) George Roudebush – [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053406/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/10-04-344.pdf Accessed 19 September 2020]

[43] Jim Quirk, The Coffin Corner Vol. 20 No. 1, Pro Football Researchers Association (1998) The Minneapolis Marines – Minnesota’s Forgotten NFL Team – [Internet] Available from: https://web.archive.org/web/20101218204303/http://profootballresearchers.org/Coffin_Corner/20-01-732.pdf Accessed 19 September 2020][Also Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20071210085947/http://footballresearch.com/articles/frpage.cfm?topic=marines [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[44] Website (2009) Toledo Maroons [Internet] Available from: https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/krd4052/FootballResearch/ohio/ohtolmar.htm&date=2009-10-26+01:32:02 [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[45] Cleveland (2015) 100 Years ago, were Youngstown Patricians pro football’s world champs? (photos) [Internet] available from: https://www.cleveland.com/browns/2015/11/100_years_ago_youngstown_patri.html [Accessed 20 September 2020]

[46] Google News: Youngsown Vindicator, October 11, 1920 pg. 10. Akron downs “Pats” in close contest [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1462%2C4224078 [Accessed 19 September 2020]

[47] Google News: Youngstown Vindicator, October 4, 1920. pg. 14 Sharon beaten by Patricians [Internet] Available from: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dGxKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QYYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3879%2C2787954 [Accessed 20 September 2020]

WEBSITES/ BIBLIOGRAPHY

[1] National Football League (2018) 2018 NFL Record & Factbook | International Games p. 510 [Internet] Available from: http://www.nfl.com/static/content/public/photo/2018/08/09/0ap3000000946101.pdf [Accessed 9 November 2019]

[2] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 6 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG6 [Accessed 9 November 2019]

[3] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 7 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG7 [Accessed 9 November 2019]

[4] National Football League (2018) 2018 Scores | Week 8 [Internet] Available from: https://www.nfl.com/scores/2018/REG8 [Accessed 9 November 2019]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Decy Maher and Joe Piascik

REFERENCES (CANADIAN FOOTBALL ALMANAC 1875-2012 – DAVID STEWART-CANDY & DAVE CLAMEN)

SOURCES

Ontario Rugby Football Union
Québec Rugby Football Union
Western Canada Rugby Football Union
Manitoba Rugby Football Union
Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union
Alberta Rugby Football Union
British Columbia Rugby Football Union
Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union
Kingston Rugby Football League
Winnipeg Rugby Football League
Intermediate Champions
CFL Attendance Statistics – All Teams for 1982, 1983, 1986 and 1987
Calgary Stampeders Attendance Statistics 1979
Edmonton Eskimo Attendance Statistics 1966-1987
Montréal Alouettes Attendance Statistics 1977
CFL versus NFL Scores
kindly supplied by David Clamen
Thornhill, Ontario
Canada

Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1986 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1994 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1995 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1996 Edition
Canadian Football League Facts Figures & Records 1997 Edition
published by Canadian Football League
Fifth Floor
110 Elginton Avenue West
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
M4R 1A3
1986-1997 Canadian Football League

Canadian Football League
http://www.cfl.ca

Canadian Football – The Grey Cup Years
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Musson Book Company Limited
Don Mills, Ontario
Canada
1969 Frank Cosentino

A Passing Game – A History of the CFL
written by Frank Cosentino
published by Bain & Cox
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Canada
1995 Frank Cosentino

100 Years of Canadian Football
written by Gordon Currie
published by Pagurian Press Limited
Toronto, Ontario
Canada
1968 Pagurian Press Limited

Rider Pride – The Story of Canada’s Best-Loved Football Team
written by Bob Calder and Garry Andrews
published by Western Producer Prairie Books
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
1984

Gael Force – A Century of Football At Queen’s
written by Merv Daub
published by McGill-Queen’s University Press
Montréal, Québec & Kingston, Ontario
1996

1995 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
1996 British Columbia Lions Media Guide
published by Jim Dorash
1996 British Columbia Lions Football Club

Montréal Alouettes Guide Média / Media Guide ’86
published by Club de Football Les Alouettes de Montréal
1986

Ottawa Rough Riders ’87 Media Guide / Guide Média
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
 1987

Ottawa Rough Riders 1995 Fact Book
published by the Ottawa Rough Riders Football Club
1995 Ottawa Rough Riders

Toronto Argonauts ’89 Yearbook & Media Guide
published by the Toronto Argonauts Football Club
 1989

Sports Logo Guide – Third Edition
written by John M. Fulgano
published by The Sports Fanatic
San Ramon, California
1997 John M Fulgaro

The Vancouver Sun
October 24th 1998
published by Pacific Press
Vancouver, British Columbia

1997 & 1998 Attendance
kindly supplied courtesy of the Saskatchewan Roughriders Football Club

Canadian Junior Football League
http://www.cjfl.ca/

Ottawa Rough Riders Fan Page
http://roughriders.ottawa.com/history/coachrecord.html

Professional Football Researchers Association
http://www.geocities.com/Colosseum/Sideline/5960/contlg.htm

University of Western Ontario Mustangs
http://members.tripod.com/mustangfootball/overallrecord.htm

Many thanks to Jim Stevenson (Statistician – Ontario Football Conference) for kindly providing OFC material for 1984 to 2000
Many thanks to Mitch Soivenski of Hampton, New Hampshire for submitting errata corrections

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to David Stewart-Candy

REFERENCES

WEBSITES

[2] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

[3] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/home/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[4] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[5] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Calendario [Internet] Available from: http://lfa.mx/calendario/ [Accessed 14 April 2018]

[7] LFA Mexico (2019) Standings [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/standings/ [Accessed 15 April 2019]

[8] LFA Mexico (2019) Calendario [Internet] Available from: https://lfa.mx/calendario/[Accessed 13 May 2019]

WEB ARCHIVE

[9] Liga de Futbol Americano Profesional (2018) LFPA Standings [Internet] Available from: http://web.archive.org/web/20161106181310/http://lfa.mx/home/standings/ [Accessed 20 January 2018]

IMAGES

[6] Brands of the World (2018) LFA Logo [Internet] Available from: https://botw-pd.s3.amazonaws.com/styles/logo-thumbnail/s3/012017/untitled-1_0.jpg?itok=is8COLAV [Accessed 1 August 2018]

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Todd Zboyan.

REFERENCES

LOGOS

WEBSITES

[5] European League of Football (2021) Stats [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/stats [Accessed 11 July 2021]

[6] European League of Football (2021) Schedule [Internet] Available from: https://europeanleague.football/schedule [Accessed 11 July 2021]

PHOTOS

[38] ARLINGTON, USA – SEP 15, 2015: Interior view of the AT&T Stadium, formerly known as Cowboys Stadium in Arlington. Texas, United States [Photo Credit; David J. Maldonaldo on Shutterstock.com]

REFERENCES

WEBSITES

[1] World League of American Football (2018) download [Internet] Available from: data:image/png;base64,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 Accessed 23 April 2018]

[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1991 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id165.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

NEWSPAPERS

[3] Anon. (1991) “Standings” First Down, June 1, 1991, pg. 5

[4] Anon. (1991) “Jon’s too Hort to handle” First Down, June 8, 1991, pg. 4-5

[5] Anglesey, Steve (1991) “Enter the Dragons!” First Down, June 15, 1992, pg. 6-7

WEBSITES

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1992 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id166.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] Anon. (1992) “Standings” First Down, May 30, 1992, pg. 5

[8] Anon. (1992) “What a Drag On!” First Down, June 6, 1992, pg. 4-5

[9] Anglesey, Steve (1992) “Ace Arch has a ball in Montreal” First Down, June 13, 1992, pg. 4-5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Rose McCabe, Ann Hanley, Gabriel McCloyne, Eerson Callender, Peter Lemass, Gerry Tully & Ciaran Simms

REFERENCES

MAGAZINES

[1] Anon. (1996) Claymores Roster / Monarchs Roster First Down. April 13th, 1996. Centre Pages.

[2] FD Reporter (1996) “Kicking Kev Keeps Irish Eyes Smiling: Ex-London ace Hurst hooks up with Kurt Smeby’s Leprechauns” First Down. March 15, 1997.

NEWSPAPERS

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALLEvening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

WEBSITES

[19] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]

[20] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland [Internet] Available from: https://www.americanfootball.ie/jeff-reinebold-to-give-clinics-in-ireland/ [Accessed 3 August 2018]

[21] Irish American Football Association (2010) Jeff Reinebold to give clinics in Ireland – Picture [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootball.ie/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/1945124.jpg [Accessed 3 August 2018]

[22] American Football International (2015) The Never Ending Football Journey of Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: http://www.americanfootballinternational.com/the-never-ending-football-journey-of-jeff-reinebold/ [accessed 4 August 2018]

[23] Wikipedia (2018) Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Reinebold [Accessed 4 August 2018]

NEWSPAPERS

[11] Naughton, Lindie (1996) “US FOOTBALL”Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

[12] Anon. (1991) “Standings” First Down. May 25, 1991. Issue 257. pg. 5.

WEBSITES

[1] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF Logo [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/WLAFlogo.gif [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1995 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id170.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1996 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id171.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1997 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id172.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] Scottish Claymores (1995)1995 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1995.php [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] Scottish Claymores (1996)1996 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1996.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[9] Scottish Claymores (1997)1997 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1997.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[12] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]

IMAGES

[24] World League of American Football (2020) 96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/.pond/96claymoresawayjersey50rs.jpg.w300h350.jpg [Accessed 17 September 2020]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Laura Shadbolt.

NEWSPAPERS

[20] Naughton, Lindie (1996) US FOOTBALL Evening Herald. Thursday, 29 February 1996. pg 62 [Internet] Available from: http://archive.irishnewsarchive.com/Olive/APA/INA/Print.Article.aspx?mode=image&href=EHD%2F1996%2F02%2F29&id=Ar06206 [Accessed 5 July 2017]

WEBSITES

[1] Growth of a Game (2014) NFL Europe Logos [Internet] Available from: https://www.growthofagame.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/NFL-Europe-Logo.jpg [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[2] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1998 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id173.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[3] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 1999 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id174.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[4] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2000 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id175.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[5] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2001 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id176.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[6] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2002 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id177.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[7] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2003 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id178.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[8] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2004 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id179.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[9] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2005 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id180.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[10] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2006 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id181.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[11] World League of American Football (2018) WLAF History: 2007 [Internet] Available from: http://www.worldleagueofamericanfootball.com/id182.html [Accessed 23 April 2018]

[12] Scottish Claymores (1998)1998 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1998.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[13] Scottish Claymores (1999)1999 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1999.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[14] Scottish Claymores (1999)2000 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2000.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[15] Scottish Claymores (1999)2001 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2001.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[16] Scottish Claymores (1999)2002 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2002.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[17] Scottish Claymores (1999)2003 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/1999.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[18] Scottish Claymores (1999)2004 Season [Internet] Available from: http://www.esspeedee.com/claymores/2004.php [Accessed 19 October 2017]

[19] Football Database (2017) Emmett Waldron Career Stats [Internet] Available from: https://www.footballdb.com/players/emmett-waldron-waldrem01/stats [Accessed 2 December 2017]

[23] Wikipedia (2018) Jeff Reinebold [Internet] Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Reinebold [Accessed 4 August 2018]

[24] Britball Now (2018) Historical League Tables | NFL Europe [Internet] Available from: http://www.britballnow.co.uk/history-index/historical-league-tables-in/ [Accessed 28 December 2018]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Laura Shadbolt.

ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish North American and World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 23 August 2021

June 22, 2021October 29, 2023

Major League Football Proposal 2100

National Football League

NATIONAL FOOTBALL CONFERENCE	AMERICAN FOOTBALL CONFERENCE
NFC East	AFC East
New York Giants	New England Patriots
Washington Presidents	Toronto Bills
Dallas Cowboys	Miami Dolphins
Philadelphia Eagles	New York Jets
Atlantic Schooners	Brooklyn Dodgers
NFC North	AFC North
Chicago Bears	Pittsburgh Steelers
Green Bay Packers	Philadelphia Expansion Team
Detroit Lions	Baltimore Ravens
Minnesota Vikings	Cleveland Bulldogs
Prairie Expansion Team	Chicago Expansion Team
NFC South	AFC South
Atlanta Falcons	Tennessee Titans
Carolina Panthers	Jacksonville Jaguars
New Orleans Saints	Atlanta Expansion Team
Tampa Bay Buccaneers	Washington Expansion Team
Houston Texans	Dallas Expansion Team
NFC West	AFC West
Seattle Seahawks	Denver Broncos
Ontario (CA) Expansion Team	Las Vegas Raiders
San Jose 49ers	Kansas City Football Team
San Francisco Expansion Team	Los Angeles Expansion Team
Arizona Expansion Team	Mexico City Browns
NFC Global	AFC Global
Rome Cardinals	Tokyo Chargers
London Ravens	Delhi Bengals
Berlin Colts	Sydney Rams
Moscow Raiders	Johannesburg Chiefs
Jerulasem Oilers	Rio de Janeiro 49ers

Continental Football Leagues

CANADIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	CANADIAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
British Columbia Lions	Winnipeg Blue Bombers
Calgary Stampeders	Hamilton Tiger-Cats
Edmonton Elks	Montreal Alouettes
Saskatchewan Roughriders	Ottawa REDBLACKS
LIGA FOOTBALL AMERICANO MEXICO NORTH	LIGA FOOTBALL AMERICANO MEXICO SOUTH
Fundidores Monterrey	Mayas Chiapas
Osos Toluca	Mexicas CDMX
Pioneros Queretaro	Artilleros Puebla
Raptors Edomex	Condors CDMX
JAPAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE A	JAPAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE B
Big Blue	Panasonic
Finies	Creators
Silver Star	Frontiers
Rise	Seagulls
UNITED FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	UNITED FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
Portland Breakers	Hartford Colonials
Oklahoma City Wranglers	New Jersey Generals
San Antonio Riders	Birmingham Americans
Sacramento Surge	Orlando Renegades
XFL WEST	XFL EAST
Kansas City Chiefs	Buffalo Bills
San Francisco 49ers	Baltimore Colts
St. Louis Cardinals	Houston Oilers
Oakland Raiders	Cleveland Browns
San Diego Chargers	Cincinnati Bengals
EUROPEAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	EUROPEAN FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
London Kings	Stockholm Nordic Vikings
Barcelona Dragons	St. Petersburg Revolution
Paris Rouge	Rome Centurions
Amsterdam Admirals	Athens Argonauts
WORLD FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	WORLD FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
Dublin Thunder	Beijing Lions
Cairo Pharaohs	Shanghai Skywalkers
Kenya Warriors	Melbourne Storm
Mecca	Kolkata Vipers
LATIN FOOTBALL LEAGUE NORTH	LATIN FOOTBALL LEAGUE SOUTH
Panama City	Buenos Aires
Havana	Santiago
Caracas	Lima Incas
Bogota	Sao Paulo
KONTINENTAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	KONTINENTAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
Salt Lake City Stallions	Louisville Thoroughbreds
Arizona Hotshots	Virginia Destroyers
Orange County Sun	Raleigh-Durham Skyhawks
Honolulu Hawaiians	Memphis Maniax
SPRING FOOTBALL LEAGUE WEST	SPRING FOOTBALL LEAGUE EAST
New Mexico Thunderbirds	Quebec Rifles
Austin Aztex	Ohio Glory (Columbus)
Omaha Nighthawks	Indianapolis Capitols
Alaska Moose	Shreveport Steamer

References

For References on each of the Leagues as well as much more information please see the following pages:

Canadian Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/canadian-football-leagues/

National Football League: https://eirball.ie/national-football-league-2/

American Football League Era 1920-1950: https://eirball.ie/american-football-leagues-era-1920-1950/

Mexican American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/mexican-american-football-leagues/

Japan American Football: https://eirball.ie/japanese-american-football/

United States Football Leagues Era 1960-1985: /https://eirball.ie/united-states-football-leagues-era-1960-1985/

Arena and Indoor Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/arena-indoor-football-leagues/

European american Football: https://eirball.ie/european-american-football/

Women’s American Football (including Legends Leagues): https://eirball.ie/womens-american-football/

XFL Era Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/xfl-football-leagues-era-1990-2020/

World American Football Leagues: https://eirball.ie/world-american-football/

Acknowledgements

Thanks to Decy Maher and Prof. Gill

About this document

Researched, compiled and written by Enda Mulcahy for the

Eirball | Irish, North American & World Sports Archive

Last Updated: 22 June 2020

March 27, 2021July 9, 2025

Canadian Football League Timeline 1873-2021

Map of Canada CFL — CFL Logo [References: Canada 1]

A SHORT HISTORY OF CANADIAN FOOTBALL

1861 First documented football game in Canada on November 9, 1861 at the University of Toronto.

1868 First documented football game in Québec on October 10, 1868 in Montréal.

1869 Hamilton Foot Ball Club formed on November 3, 1869.

1872 Montréal Football Club formed on April 8, 1872.

1873 Toronto Argonauts formed on October 4, 1873 by the Toronto Argonaut Rowing Club. Hamilton Foot Ball Club renamed the Hamilton Tigers.

1875 First inter-provincial football game played on October 16, 1875 between Ontario and Québec in Toronto.

1876 Ottawa Football Club formed on September 20, 1876.

1879 Winnipeg Rugby Football Club formed.

1883 Ontario Rugby Football Union formed on January 6, 1883. Québec Rugby Football Union formed on January 16, 1883.

1884 Canadian Rugby Football Union formed on February 7, 1884.

Montréal Football Club joined the Montréal Amateur Athletic Association.

1887 Ontario Rugby Football Union withdrew from the Canadian Rugby Football Union.

1888 Manitoba Rugby League formed by Winnipeg RugbyFootball Club, WinnipegSt. John’s College Rugby Club, and the Royal School of Infantry.

1890 First football game played in Alberta.

1891 Canadian Rugby Union formed on December 19, 1891 by the Québec Rugby Football Union and the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1892 Manitoba Rugby Football Union formed on February 22, 1892.

1895 Toronto Argonauts withdrew from the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1897 Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union formed on November 24, 1897. Ottawa Football Club suspended by the Québec Rugby Football Union.

1898 First intercollegiate game played on October 8, 1898 in Kingston. Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union joined the Canadian Rugby Union but left later on during in the year. Ottawa Football Club re-organised as the Ottawa Rough Riders on September 9, 1898. Ottawa Rough Riders joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Toronto Argonauts re-joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union.

1903 Ottawa Rough Riders joined the Québec Rugby Football Union.

1906 Calgary City Rugby Foot-ball Club formed on March 14, 1906.

1908 Calgary City Rugby Foot-ball Club renamed the Calgary Tigers on August 27, 1908.

1907 Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club formed on April 10, 1907. Interprovincial Rugby Football Union established on September 13, 1907 as a four-team league consisting of the Hamilton Tigers and Toronto Argonauts from the Ontario Rugby Football Union and Montreal Amateur Athletic Association and Ottawa Rough Riders from the Québec Rugby Football Union. Ottawa St. Patrick College merged with the Ottawa Rough Riders. Saskatchewan Rugby Football League established.

1908 Calgary Rugby Football Union established on September 29, 1908. Edmonton Rugby Foot-ball Club renamed the Edmonton Esquimaux on October 16, 1908.

1909 Albert Henry George, the fourth Earl of Grey donated a trophy for the rugby football champion of Canada. Only teams registered with the Canadian Rugby Union could enter competition for the Grey Cup. Hamilton Tigers defeated the Ottawa Rough Riders 11-6 in an exhibition game played in New York City.

1910 Regina Rugby Club formed on September 13, 1910. Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union established on September 22, 1910. Edmonton Esquimaux renamed the Edmonton Eskimos.

1911 Alberta Rugby Football Union, Manitoba Rugby Football Union, and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Union merge together and establish the Western Canada Rugby Football Union on October 21, 1911.

Interprovincial Rugby Football Union suspended operations for the duration of the First World War.

1919 Interprovincial Rugby Football Union re-commenced play.

1921 Western Canada Rugby Football Union joined the Canadian Rugby Union.

1923 Calgary Tigers renamed the Calgary 50^th Battalion.

1924 Regina Rugby Club renamed the Regina Roughriders.

1925 Ottawa Rough Riders merged with Ottawa St. Bridgit’s Club and renamed the Ottawa Senators. Calgary 50^th Battalion renamed the Calgary Tigers.

1926 British Columbia Rugby Football Union established on September 1, 1926.

Ottawa Senators reverted to their previous name of Rough Riders. Western Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union established.

1928 Manitoba and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Unions form the Tri-City Rugby Football Union on August 25, 1928.

1929 Tri-City Rugby Football Union disbanded and separate Manitoba and Saskatchewan Rugby Football Unions reformed.

1930 Winnipeg Rugby Football Club renamed the Winnipegs Rugby Football Club on June 10, 1930. Calgary Tigers renamed the Calgary Altomah-Tigers.

1932 Winnipeg St. John’s College Rugby Club merged with the Winnipegs Rugby Football Club. Calgary Altomah-Tigers renamed the Calgary Altomahs.

1934 Eastern Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1935 Calgary Altomahs renamed the Calgary Bronks.

1936 Montréal Amateur Athletic Association football club withdrew from competition and replaced by the Montréal Indians. Winnipegs Rugby Football Club renamed the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Western Interprovincial Football Union established as a three-team league consisting of the Calgary Bronks, Regina Roughriders, and Winnipeg Blue Bombers. Intercollegiate teams stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1937 Québec Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1938 Edmonton Eskimos joined the Western Interprovincial Football Union. Montréal Indians renamed the Montréal Cubs.

1939 Montréal Cubs renamed the Montréal Royals.

1940 Edmonton Eskimos withdrew from the Western Interprovincial Football Union.

1941 Interprovincial Rugby Football Union renamed the Eastern Canada Rugby Football Union. Hamilton Tigers withdrew from the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Toronto Balmy Beach joined the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union as replacement for Hamilton. Montréal Royals renamed the Montréal Bulldogs. Calgary Bronks withdrew from the Western Interprovincial Football Union and replaced by the Vancouver Grizzlies for one season.

1942 Eastern Canada Rugby Football Union and Western Interprovincial Football Union suspended operations for the duration of the Second World War.

1945 Interprovincial Rugby Football Union re-commenced play. Montréal club renamed the Montréal Hornets. Western Interprovincial Football Union teams playoff for the Grey Cup. Calgary Bronks renamed the Calgary Stampeders on September 28, 1945.

1946 Western Interprovincial Football Union re-commenced play. Montréal Hornets renamed the Montréal Alouettes.

1947 Regina Roughriders unofficially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

1948 Hamilton Tigers withdrew from Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and joined the Ontario Rugby Football Union. Hamilton Wildcats replaced the Hamilton Tigers. Regina Roughriders unofficially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders.

1949 Edmonton Eskimos rejoined the Western Interprovincial Football Union. Western Canada Rugby Football Union ceased operations.

1950 Hamilton Wildcats of the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and the Hamilton Tigers of the Ontario Rugby Football Union merged to form the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. Regina team officially renamed the Saskatchewan Roughriders on April 1, 1950.

1953 British Columbia Lions formed on January 22, 1953.

1954 British Columbia Lions joined the Western Interprovincial Football Union.

1955 Ontario Rugby Football Union stopped competing for the Grey Cup.

1956 Interprovincial Rugby Football Union and Western Interprovincial Football Union established the Canadian Football Council on January 22, 1956.

1958 Canadian Football Council withdrew from the Canadian Rugby Union and renamed the Canadian Football League on June 19, 1958.

1960 Interprovincial Rugby Football Union renamed Eastern Football Conference.

Western Interprovincial Football Union renamed Western Football Conference.

1965 Continental Football League commenced operations with a franchise based in Toronto named the Toronto Rifles.

1966 Trusteeship of the Grey Cup passed from the Canadian Rugby Union to the Canadian Football League. Fort Wayne Warriors of the Continental Football League transferred to Montréal and became the Beavers.

1967 Victoria Steelers commenced operations in the Continental Football League.

1968 Toronto Rifles of the Continental Football League folded in mid-season after four games played. Montréal Beavers also folded in mid-season after twelve games played. Victoria Steelers folded after the completion of the season and the Continental Football League withdrew from Canada. The league would later cease operations during the following year.

1974 Bill C-22 “An Act Respecting Canadian Football” – referred usually as the Canadian Football Act – was drafted in April 1974. This legislation, introduced into Parliament by health minister Marc Lalonde, would effectively have prevented the operation of the Toronto franchise in the upstart World Football League. It would have set roster limits on import players, prevented the Canadian Football League from expanding to or operating outside of Canada, and prevented foreign-based players from playing league games in Canada. Bill C-22 never became law. Ontario Rugby Football Union ceased operations.

1981 Eastern and Western Football Conferences renamed the Eastern and Western Divisions.

1982 Montréal Alouettes folded on March 13, 1982 and replaced with a new Montréal franchise named the Montréal Concordes.

1986 Montréal Concordes renamed the Montréal Alouettes.

1987 Montréal Alouettes folded on June 24, 1987 prior to the start of the 1987 season. Winnipeg Blue Bombers switched from the Western Division to the Eastern Division.

1991 World League of American Football commenced operations with a franchise based in Montréal. The Montréal Machine played two seasons in the league before both the team and league ceased operations after the 1992 season.

1992 Montréal hosted the second WLAF World Bowl championship game between the Sacramento Surge and Orlando Thunder.

1993 Sacramento Gold Miners joined the Canadian Football League as the first American team in the league on February 26, 1993. Las Vegas Posse joined the Canadian Football League for the 1994 season on July 26, 1993. Sacramento Gold Miners played in the Western Division.

1994 Baltimore CFL Colts joined the Canadian Football League on February 17, 1994. Shreveport Pirates joined the Canadian Football League on the following day. Baltimore CFL Colts and Shreveport Pirates played in the Eastern Division. Las Vegas Posse played in the Western Division. Baltimore CFL Colts prevented by court injunction to use “Colts” in their nickname and the team was referred to as the Baltimore CFLers during the season. Baltimore franchise renamed the Baltimore Football Club just prior to the commencement of the 1994 Grey Cup game.

1995 Sacramento Gold Miners transferred to San Antonio on February 21, 1995 and renamed the San Antonio Texans one month later. Birmingham Barracudas joined the Canadian Football League on January 11, 1995. Memphis Mad Dogs joined the Canadian Football League on January 28, 1995. Las Vegas Posse disbanded on April 18, 1995 after attempts to transfer the franchise to Jackson, Mississippi failed. Divisional format changed to an all-Canadian North Division and an all-American South Division. Baltimore Football Club renamed the Baltimore Stallions after first game of the season.

1996 Birmingham Barracudas, Memphis Mad Dogs, San Antonio Texans, and Shreveport Pirates folded when the Canadian Football League withdrew from the United States on February 6, 1996. Baltimore Stallions transferred to Montréal and renamed the Alouettes. Divisional format reverted back to Eastern and Western Divisions. Montréal Alouettes competed in the Eastern Division while Winnipeg Blue Bombers moved to the Western Division. Ottawa Rough Riders folded at the conclusion of the season on November 6, 1996.

Winnipeg Blue Bombers switched from the Western Division to the Eastern Division.

2001 Ottawa Renegades granted expansion fra.nchise on October 16, 2001 to commence play in the 2002 season.

2006 Ottawa Renegades folded on April 9, 2006 prior to the 2006 season.

2021 Edmonton Eskimos renamed Edmonton Football Team

References (Canadian Football Almanac 1875-2012 – David Stewart-Candy & Dave Clamen)